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  • 1
    Book
    Book
    London ; New York : Routledge
    UID:
    b3kat_BV005461869
    Format: xii, 250 Seiten
    ISBN: 0415072654
    Series Statement: Routledge/SOAS politics and culture in the Middle East series
    Language: English
    Subjects: History , Political Science , Law , Ethnology
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    Keywords: Kurden ; Geschichte 1918-1990 ; Konferenzschrift
    Author information: Kreyenbroek, Philip G. 1948-
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  • 2
    UID:
    gbv_1603346171
    Format: XII, 250 S.
    ISBN: 9780415072656 , 0415072654
    Series Statement: SOAS politics and culture in the Middle East series
    Note: McDowall, D.: The Kurdish question: a historical review. S. 10-32. van Bruinessen, M.: Kurdish society, ethnicity, nationalism and refugee problems. S. 33-67. Kreyenbroek, P.: On the Kurdish language. S. 68-83. Connors, J.: Humanitarian legal order and the Kurdish question. S. 84-94. Bozarslan, H.: Political aspects of the Kurdish problem in contemporary Turkey. S. 95-114. Morad, M.: The situation of Kurds in Iraq and Turkey: current trends and prospects. S. 115-133. Sherzad, A.: The Kurdish movement in Iraq: 1975-88. S. 134-142. Vanly, I.: The Kurds in Syria and Lebanon. S. 143-170. Koohi-Kamali, F.: The development of nationalism in Iranian Kurdistan. S. 171-192. Vanly, I.: The Kurds in the Soviet Union. 193-218. , Bibliography: p. 234-241. - Includes index
    Language: English
    Subjects: History , Political Science , Law
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    Keywords: Kurden ; Kurden ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Author information: Kreyenbroek, Philip G. 1948-
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  • 3
    UID:
    kobvindex_DGP1603346171
    Format: XII, 250 S.
    ISBN: 0415072654
    Series Statement: SOAS politics and culture in the Middle East series
    Language: English
    Subjects: History , Comparative Studies. Non-European Languages/Literatures , Political Science , Law
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    Keywords: Kurden ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Author information: Kreyenbroek, Philip G. 1948-
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  • 4
    UID:
    gbv_1458758508
    Format: Lit. S. 228-229
    ISBN: 9780415072656
    Content: The author asserts that 1976 marked a turning-point in the history of the Kurdish movement, characterized by two main developments: a) a break with the traditional tribal orientation and b) the formation of a multi-party system. Prior to 1976, the Kurdish movement, of significance only in Iraq (Turkey had suppressed all Kurdish self-expression and in Iran state centralization led to assimilation of Kurds into the Iranian state structure), was led by tribal chiefs; afterwards leaders were recruited from urban elements. The appearance of new parties, and with it the emergence of counter-powers, resulted in internal conflict among the Kurds. The author states that the ceasefire in the Iran-Iraq War in 1988 and the setback inflicted upon the Kurds introduced the appearance of new variables in the Kurdish movement: mass deportation from Iraq, systematic destruction of villages and towns in Iraq and the establishment of a "no man's land" on Iraq's northern borders. Guerilla warfare has become difficult. The Kurdish population is now concentrated in big cities. There has been an exodus of over 60.000 Iraqi Kurds to Turkey. (DÜI-Kwe)
    In: The Kurds, London [u.a.] : Routledge, 1992, , Seite 134-142, 9780415072656
    In: 0415072654
    In: pages:134-142
    Language: English
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  • 5
    UID:
    gbv_145875815X
    ISBN: 9780415072656
    Content: The author discusses the history of the Kurdish languages in Turkey, where any other language beside Turkish remained forbidden, Iran, where at least in theory (and in practice since 1984) local languages were allowed alongside Farsi, and in Iraq, where spoken Kurdish was never suppressed, and a standard written Kurdish, adequate for academic and literary purposes, was allowed to be developed. (DÜI-Kwe) + The author stresses the importance of language as a factor to establish national identity. In the case of the Kurd language, however, the problem is that two quite dissimilar dialects, or better languages, are of equal significance: Kurmanji, spoken in the north, and Sorani, spoken in the south. Also, only in the late 19th century was the need for a written language beginning to be felt
    In: The Kurds, London [u.a.] : Routledge, 1992, , Seite 68-83, 9780415072656
    In: 0415072654
    In: pages:68-83
    Language: English
    Author information: Kreyenbroek, Philip G. 1948-
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  • 6
    UID:
    gbv_1458758567
    Format: Lit.Hinw. S. 229-231
    ISBN: 9780415072656
    Content: After giving a brief historical overview over the Kurdish presence in Syria, and providing geographical data of the regions inhabited by Kurds, the author discusses the present situation in Syria, as well as in Lebanon. He states that many Kurds in Syria are classified as "aliens" and as such have no legal or civil rights. Many are dispossessed of their land, including those who have Syrian citizenship. Speaking Kurdish or wearing Kurdish costume is forbidden. The Kurdish Democratic Party in Syria, once respected and feared by the Secret Police, has now disintegrated into opposing factions. In general, the author believes that the Kurds in Syria appear to be doomed. In Lebanon, while there is no nationalist anti-Kurdish feeling as in Syria, Kurds without citizenship (about 70 %) are also deprived of legal and civil rights and mostly occupy the lowest end of the social and economic scale. The author ends by saying that recently there have been some positive developments in Syria with respect to the Kurds. (DÜI-Kwe)
    In: The Kurds, London [u.a.] : Routledge, 1992, , Seite 143-170, 9780415072656
    In: 0415072654
    In: pages:143-170
    Language: English
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  • 7
    UID:
    gbv_1458758230
    Format: Lit.Hinw. S. 225-227
    ISBN: 9780415072656
    Content: The author analyzes the main socio-political aspects of the Kurdish problem in Turkey since 1961. After giving an overview over the recent history of Kurdish nationalism and the emergence of the radical parties KUK and PKK, he discusses the history of Turkish military interventions in Kurdish regions and the beginnings of the acknowledgment of "the Kurdish question" in Turkish public opinion and the press. The influx of Kurdish refugees at the end of the Iran-Iraq War into Turkey brought on a wave of public sympathy for the Kurds and forged a change in attitude - a new political pragmatism - on the part of the Turkish government. The author states that now the Kurdish question has become a key issue on which the future of political life and political pluralism (as opposed to Kemalism) in Turkey hinges. (DÜI-Kwe)
    In: The Kurds, London [u.a.] : Routledge, 1992, , Seite 95-114, 9780415072656
    In: 0415072654
    In: pages:95-114
    Language: English
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  • 8
    UID:
    gbv_1458757986
    Format: 1 Tab.
    ISBN: 9780415072656
    Content: The author challenges commonly held views about the Kurds, i.e. that they have always been in conflict with their neighbors, that they are ethnically different from their neighbors, and asserts that the truth is more complex. He gives an overview over the history of the Kurds, starting with the slow expansion of Kurdish territory northward in the 13th and 14th century, and discussing Kurdish attempts at independence under the Ottoman regime. He then analyzes the role of the Kurds in Turkey from 1918 onward, as well as in Iraq and Iran. He notes that Kurds in Turkey, unlike in Iran and Iraq, did not retain tribal allegiance but formed a new political orientation toward the left. While Turkey is repressing the Kurds brutally, Iran is treating them better, although equally unwilling to grant them autonomy. In Iraq, where the proportion of Kurds is the greatest, attempts at independence during the Iran-Iraq War failed, and the outlook for the Kurds is grim. The author suggests that the Kurds should abandon their quest for independence and strive for greater autonomy over their communities within the nations they inhabit. (DÜI-Kwe)
    In: The Kurds, London [u.a.] : Routledge, 1992, , Seite 10-32, 9780415072656
    In: 0415072654
    In: pages:10-32
    Language: English
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  • 9
    UID:
    gbv_1458758583
    Format: Lit.Hinw. S. 232
    ISBN: 9780415072656
    Content: The author discusses the relationship between the Kurdish leaders and the Iranian regime after the revolution, stating that in spite of not having won autonomy the Kurds form a significant military and political force. He begins by giving an historic overview over Kurdish detribalization and rising nationalism. He asserts that ties between Iranians and Kurds are strong in spite of official government hostility (partly because of linguistic similarities) and Kurds are not striving for a separate Kurdish state. While the Islamic revolution seemed to provide a golden opportunity to the Kurdish movement which had been in opposition to the Shah's regime, and Kurds were promised support by the revolutionary government, it soon became apparent that they would not be given autonomy, leading to clashes and rebellion. The author analyzes the role of the KDPI in the Kurdish fight for autonomy and ends by saying that the party has become a relatively independent political force with potentially significant influence in Iran. (DÜI-Kwe)
    In: The Kurds, London [u.a.] : Routledge, 1992, , Seite 171-192, 9780415072656
    In: 0415072654
    In: pages:171-192
    Language: English
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  • 10
    UID:
    gbv_1458758192
    Format: Lit.Hinw. S. 221-225
    ISBN: 9780415072656
    Content: The author asserts that there are two different but parallel stands of international law in the field of human rights: humanitarian law and human rights law. She examines the application of these two forms of law to the situation of the Kurds in Turkey, Iraq and Iran, and to some extent, in Syria. She states that while the right to self-determination has been asserted in several international covenants, it is controversial outside a colonial context. Kurdistan, in particular, might not be sufficiently coherent in a linguistic, cultural and religious sense to qualify as "a people" for the purposes of self-determination. She discusses various articles of the Geneva Conventions and their applicability to the Kurdish situation and concludes that while international humanitarian law might not be applicable, the issue could be confronted in terms of human rights. However, national and international commitment to these norms must be stepped up. (DÜI-Kwe)
    In: The Kurds, London [u.a.] : Routledge, 1992, , Seite 84-94, 9780415072656
    In: 0415072654
    In: pages:84-94
    Language: English
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