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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Stability and Adaptability of Maize Hybrids for Precision Crop Production in a Long-Term Field Experiment in Hungary
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Agronomy Vol. 11, No. 11 ( 2021-10-28), p. 2167-
    Details
    In: Agronomy, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 11 ( 2021-10-28), p. 2167-
    Abstract: Sustainability is one of the main components of precision farming that will lead to food security and production resources for current and future generations. The selection of suitable hybrids and fertilizers is among the methods that can directly influence sustainable agriculture and economic efficiency at the farm level, providing accurate site-specific nutrient management strategies for yield maximization. This experiment included two fertilizer sources in ten maize hybrids in four replications for three consecutive years (2018–2020). The experiment was carried out at the Látókép Crop Production Experimental Site of the University of Debrecen, Hungary. The results of the ANOVA showed that genotype, year, and fertilizer levels had various effects on grain yield, oil, protein, and starch content. FAO340 had maximum grain yield on different fertilizers (NPK and N), and FAO350 had maximum protein content. To gain the best performance and maximum yield of maize on protein and oil, FAO350 is recommended for protein and FAO340 for oil content. The parameters of grain yield, oil content, protein content, and starch content affected by NPK fertilizer provide the stability of grain yield parameters. FAO360, FAO420, and FAO320 hybrids had their maximum desirable N fertilizer doses and NPK fertilizer stability in this research. These results indicate that FAO360, FAO420, and FAO330 hybrids had their maximum potential yield in different fertilizer and environmental conditions. Based on this multi-year study, the complete NPK fertilizer with 150 kg/ha nitrogen, 115 kg/ha potassium, 135 kg/ha phosphorus is recommended to be used on maize hybrids.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4395
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/agronomy11112167
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2607043-1
    SSG: 23
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  • 2
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    Online Resource
    Evaluation of the Nutrient Composition of Maize in Different NPK Fertilizer Levels Based on Multivariate Method Analysis
    Hindawi Limited ; 2021
    In:  International Journal of Agronomy Vol. 2021 ( 2021-4-1), p. 1-13
    Details
    In: International Journal of Agronomy, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2021 ( 2021-4-1), p. 1-13
    Abstract: One of the critical issues in using micronutrient fertilisers is the comparison of methods and amounts of fertiliser use, which is very important from the aspect of increasing production and economic viewpoint. The aim of this research was to analyse the nutrient composition of different parts of the maize (Zea mays L. FAO 490) during the growing season with six-level nitrogen fertilisation supplies at five phenological stages. The study included essential nutrients as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and sulphur (S) (in first cluster) and calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) (in second cluster) in treatments on different leaf stage. Growth stages have different nutrient demands based on their actual demand. The first cluster included nitrogen and sulphur and the second included calcium and zinc in the NPK treatments on the stalk of plants. Nitrogen and potassium had their maximum effect on the stalk of maize during the growing season. Magnesium and copper were the second most important and desirable factors during the different growth stages and treatments in relation to the stalk. Nitrogen and calcium had their maximum impact during the yield formation stage and nitrogen and phosphorus had their most desirable effect during the grain filling stage. The effect of nitrogen on the quantitative and qualitative properties of maize showed that nitrogen increases the production of dry matter, grain yield, and its components. The maximum amount of absorption in the plants occurs before the accumulation of applied fertiliser, which is the prelude to the production of maximum biomass.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1687-8167 , 1687-8159
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1155/2021/5537549
    Language: English
    Publisher: Hindawi Limited
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2548961-6
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    Nutrient Composition Analysis of Maize Hybrids Affected by Different Nitrogen Fertilisation Systems
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Plants Vol. 11, No. 12 ( 2022-06-16), p. 1593-
    Details
    In: Plants, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 12 ( 2022-06-16), p. 1593-
    Abstract: Maize is one of the most widely used plants in the agricultural industry, and the fields of application of this plant are broad. The experiment was conducted at the Látókép Crop Production Experimental Station of the University of Debrecen, Hungary. Three mid-ripening maize hybrids with different FAO numbers were used in the present study. The effects of different nitrogen supplies were examined as a variable rate of abiotic stress and the interrelationship among the essential nutrients through the nutrient acquisition and partitioning of the different vegetative and generative plant parts. The results showed that NPK application compared to the control treatment (no fertilizer application) increased DM in all tissues of maize, while increasing nitrogen application from 120 to 300 kg ha−1 had no significant effect on this trait. The highest protein content was obtained with the nitrogen application of 120 kg ha−1, and the higher nitrogen fertilizer application had no significant effect on this trait. Seeds and leaves had a maximum zinc and manganese value in terms of nitrogen content (protein). Dry matter was positively correlated with nitrogen, potassium, and manganese content, while the dry matter had a negative correlation with nickel content. In general, to achieve a maximum quantitative and qualitative yield, it is recommended to use NPK fertilizer with a rate of 120 kg ha−1 N for maize cultivation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2223-7747
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/plants11121593
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704341-1
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Maize hybrid and nutrient specific evaluation of the population dynamics and damage of the western corn rootworm (Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera LeConte) in a long-term field experiment
    Akademiai Kiado Zrt. ; 2020
    In:  Progress in Agricultural Engineering Sciences Vol. 16, No. 1 ( 2020-12-12), p. 11-24
    Details
    In: Progress in Agricultural Engineering Sciences, Akademiai Kiado Zrt., Vol. 16, No. 1 ( 2020-12-12), p. 11-24
    Abstract: Agricultural production is threatened by different invasive species, as their damage results in a serious loss of income. The aim of the research was the assessment of the swarming dynamics and damage of the western corn rootworm (WCR) adults and larvae. The experiment was carried out in monoculture fertilization long-term experiments and three maize hybrids compared for their reaction against WCR adult and larval damage under non-infested plots at different nitrogen levels. Differences among the hybrids have a lower effect on the damage of corn rootworm adults and larvae than the amount of applied nitrogen. The phosphorus-potassium are optimal levels, while nitrogen ranges from 0 to 300 kg and no nutrient supply took place in the control plots for 30 years. The number of adults located and feeding on the styles of the female flower recorded and the damage caused on the roots by larvae ranked on a modified Iowa scale. Nitrogen fertilization resulted in a change in the silking time. The lowest root damage observed in the case of the high nutrient treatment with an Iowa value of 3.18. The coincidence of the nourishment of adults and the egg-laying time with silking is a potential threat in terms of fertility. Based on the results, it found that the extent of root damage can be reduced through the optimal selection of the time and dose of nutrient supply, primarily that of nitrogen. In general, both larvae and adults can cause severe yield loss, but the method of control against them is different. The coincidence of the nourishment of adults and the egg-laying time with silking is a potential threat in terms of fertility.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1786-335X , 1787-0321
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1556/446.2020.00003
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Akademiai Kiado Zrt.
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Multispectral Analysis of Small Plots Based on Field and Remote Sensing Surveys—A Comparative Evaluation
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Sustainability Vol. 14, No. 6 ( 2022-03-12), p. 3339-
    Details
    In: Sustainability, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 6 ( 2022-03-12), p. 3339-
    Abstract: Remote sensing is an efficient method of monitoring experiments rapidly and by enabling the collection of significantly more detailed data, than using only field measurements, ensuring new possibilities in scientific research. A small plot field experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with winter oat (Avena sativa L.) varieties in Debrecen, Hungary in the 2020/2021 cropping year. Multiple field measurements and aerial surveys were carried out examining the response of oat on Silicon and Sulfur foliar fertilization treatments thereby monitoring their effects on the physiology, production and stress tolerance. Parallel application of in situ (elevation, soil pH, NDVI, SPAD, chlorophyll content) and aerial (NDVI, NDRE) surveys including unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) provided a diverse source of data for evaluation. Both the oat varieties (88.9%) and the foliar fertilization treatments (87.5%) were correctly classified and clearly separated with the discriminant analysis based on measured data. The Pearson correlation analysis showed a very strong positive connection (r = 0.895–1.00) between the NDVI values measured using a hand-held system and UAV-installed camera, except the third measurement time, where the correlation was weaker (r = 0.70). Our results indicate that field experiments can be effectively supported by UAVs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2071-1050
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/su14063339
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518383-7
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    The Influence of Precision Dripping Irrigation System on the Phenology and Yield Indices of Sweet Maize Hybrids
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Water Vol. 14, No. 16 ( 2022-08-12), p. 2480-
    Details
    In: Water, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 16 ( 2022-08-12), p. 2480-
    Abstract: Sweet maize is an annual plant that is extremely useful and economical for planting and harvesting. However, maize stands are damaged quickly in the case of nutrient and water deficiency. This research was carried out under dripping irrigation conditions and control plots without irrigation, involving seven different maize hybrids. The obtained results showed no existing variation in the dry matter content of cob (DMC) between the irrigated and non-irrigated treatments. Correlation analysis showed that increasing DMC causes decreasing moisture content of cob (MC) of sweet maize with irrigated and non-irrigated treatments. DMC and MC are important factors in the yield index on irrigation treatments. Biplots showed that the Dessert R72 (10.82) hybrid had maximum yield and effect on Brix/Abbe and Brix/Atago Pal-1, while the Messenger hybrids (42.96) had maximum effect on MC. It was also shown that DMC and MC are important factors in the yield index on irrigation treatments on hybrids. The Noa (37.97) and Honey hybrids (27.88) had minimum effect and performance on non-irrigation and irrigation treatments. The Messenger (11.25) and SF1379 hybrids (10.5) had a maximum performance on Brix Abbe and Brix Pal in the irrigation treatment and Dessert R78 (13.5), the Messenger hybrid (11.8) had a maximum performance on Brix/Abbe and Brix/Atago Pal-1 in non-irrigation treatment. The Dessert R78 (13.5) is the best-performing hybrid in terms of the yield of Brix/Abbe and Brix/Atago Pal-1 in the performed irrigation treatments.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4441
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/w14162480
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2521238-2
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Sustainability on Different Canola (Brassica napus L.) Cultivars by GGE Biplot Graphical Technique in Multi-Environment
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Sustainability Vol. 15, No. 11 ( 2023-06-02), p. 8945-
    Details
    In: Sustainability, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 11 ( 2023-06-02), p. 8945-
    Abstract: Knowledge about the extent of genotype in environment interaction is helpful for farmers and plant breeders. This is because it helps them choose the proper strategies for agricultural management and breeding new cultivars. The main contribution of this paper is to investigate genotype on environmental interaction using the GGE biplot method (Genotype and the Genotype-by-Environment) in ten canola cultivars. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications to assess the stability of grain yield of ten canola cultivars in five regions of Iran, including Birjand, Karaj, Kashmar, Sanandaj, and Shiraz, within two agricultural years of 2016 and 2017. The results of combined ANOVA illustrated that the effects of the environment, genotype × environment, and genotype were highly significant at 1%. Variance Analysis showed that three environmental impacts, genotype, and interaction of genotype in the environment effect, produced 68.44%, 18.63%, and 12.9% of the total variance. The GGE biplot graphs were constructed using PCA. The first principle component (PC1) explained 65.3%, and the second (PC2) explained 18.8% of the total variation. The research examined polygon diagrams to identify two top genotypes and four mega-environments. Also, the appropriate genotypes for each environment were diagnosed. Using the GGE biplot, it was possible to make visual comparisons and identify superior genotypes in canola. Accordingly,. The results obtained from graphical analysis indicated that Licord, Hyola 401 and Okapi genotypes showed the highest yield and were selected as the most stable genotypes. Also, Karaj region was chosen as a experimental region where the screening of genotypes was very suitable. Based on the ranking of the genotypes in the most suitable region (Karaj), Okapi genotype was selected as the desired genotype. In examining the heatmap drawn between the genotypes and the investigated environments, a lot of similarity between the genotypes of Sarigal, Hyola 401 and Okapi was observed in the investigated environments. The GGE biplot graphs enabled the detection of stable and superior environments and the grouping of cultivars and environments based on grain yield. The results of this research can be used both for extension and for future breeding programs. Our results provide helpful information about the canola genotypes and environments for future breeding programs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2071-1050
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/su15118945
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518383-7
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Study of drought stress correlation on yield and yield components of maize cultivars (Zea mays L.)
    University of Debrecen/ Debreceni Egyetem ; 2023
    In:  Acta Agraria Debreceniensis , No. 1 ( 2023-06-05), p. 67-73
    Details
    In: Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, University of Debrecen/ Debreceni Egyetem, , No. 1 ( 2023-06-05), p. 67-73
    Abstract: This article was investigated to study the correlation and analysis of drought stress regression on maize cultivars' yield and components. The variance analysis results showed a significant difference between drought stress levels in terms of plant height, total dry weight and number of seeds per row, the total weight of cob, grain yield, harvest index, stem diameter, and cob weight with protective leave. Also, there was a significant difference in ear weight without protective leaves, ear diameter, ear length, plant weight, 100-seed weight, and seed per ear on hybrid treatments. There were statistically significant differences between cultivars in plant height, leaf area, ear diameter, ear length, number of seeds per row, number of seeds per ear, the total weight of cob wood, 100-seed weight, harvest index, plant dry weight. The results of the correlation of traits for the mean levels of drought stress showed a positive and significant correlation between plant yield and plant height, seed per row, ear length and weight of 5 pieces of wood and also with a total weight of cob wood, ear weight with bark showed the highest correlation. There is a significant correlation between leaf area and stem diameter, plant weight, total dry weight at the probability level of 0.05. Correlation coefficients between traits in non-stress conditions showed a positive and significant correlation between grain yield and height, ear length and grain in the row, which was a significant increase compared to stress conditions. The correlation of traits under full stress conditions also showed that the correlation coefficient between cob length trait and positive height was positive and significant. From the study of correlation coefficients between maize traits in non-stress conditions, it can be concluded that the most important components of grain yield are cob length and grain per row. While the correlation coefficients under moisture stress conditions show that the grain trait in the row has a positive and significant correlation with yield, under stress conditions in the cob stage did not show any traits with correlation yield.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2416-1640 , 1587-1282
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.34101/actaagrar/1/11495
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: University of Debrecen/ Debreceni Egyetem
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Effect of Different Nitrogen Supply on Maize Emergence Dynamics, Evaluation of Yield Parameters of Different Hybrids in Long-Term Field Experiments
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Agronomy Vol. 12, No. 2 ( 2022-01-22), p. 284-
    Details
    In: Agronomy, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 2 ( 2022-01-22), p. 284-
    Abstract: This paper aims to examine the effect of various nitrogen (N) supply treatments on the date of emergence of maize hybrids classified in different age groups. The study site was at the University of Debrecen’s Látókép Experiment Station in Hungary. The date of emergence of the tested maize hybrids was monitored under control (0 kg N ha−1), 120 kg ha−1 N + PK, and 300 kg ha−1 N + PK nutrient levels in a long-term field experiment. In 2020, maize hybrids (H1 = FAO 490; H2: FAO 420–440; H3 = FAO 420; H4 = 490; H5 = 320–340; H6 = FAO 350–370) growing under natural precipitation supply conditions without irrigation were included in the study. During the days of emergence, different moisture, protein, oil, starch, and yield production levels were observed, according to the variance analysis. In diverse maize hybrids, increasing or decreasing fertilizer treatment resulted in diverse productivity metrics. Regression analysis revealed that the day of emergence had a greater impact on protein, moisture, starch, and oil content than N fertilizer; however, yield production was influenced by N fertilization, rather than day of emergence. Regarding productivity parameters, this study suggests that H1 has the best productivity until the fourth day of emergence.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4395
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/agronomy12020284
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2607043-1
    SSG: 23
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Evaluation of stability in maize hybrids using univariate parametric methods
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology Vol. 25, No. 3 ( 2022-06), p. 269-276
    Details
    In: Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 25, No. 3 ( 2022-06), p. 269-276
    Abstract: Genotype × environment interaction is one of the complex issues of breeding programs to produce high-yielding and compatible cultivars. Interaction of genotype × environment and make the more accurate selection, the performance and stability of hybrids need to be considered simultaneously. This study aimed to investigate stable genotypes with yield using 12 maize hybrids in different climatic conditions of Iran. The experimental design used was a randomized complete blocks design in three replications in two cropping years in Karaj, Birjand, Shiraz, and Arak stations. The simple analysis of variance performed on grain yield of genotypes indicated that all hybrids studied each year and station were significantly different in grain yield. Also, the combined analysis results showed a significant effect on the environment, the effects of genotype, and the interaction of genotype × environment and t in the studied hybrids different. Comparing Duncan's mean on the data obtained from the research, KSC705 genotypes with an average yield of 7.21 and KSC704 genotype with an average yield of 7.04 were identified as high yield cultivars. In order to identify stable cultivars, six stability parameters were used. KSC260 and KSC707 genotypes had stability Based on the environmental variance, also had stability based KSC705, KSC707 genotype on environmental the coefficient of variation, and KSC260 genotypes had stability based methods of genotype and environment interaction. As well as based on Eberhart and Russell regression coefficient had the stability to KSC400 and SC647 genotypes. Also, they were identified as the most stable genotypes based on the detection coefficient method, KSC707, and KSC703 genotypes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1975-9479 , 2005-8276
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s12892-021-00129-x
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2534833-4
    SSG: 21
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