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Reduced cytoplasmic expression of MAGE-A2 predicts tumor aggressiveness and survival: an immunohistochemical analysis

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Abstract

Background

Melanoma antigen gene A2 (MAGE-A2) is one of the most cancer–testis antigens overexpressed in various types of cancers. Silencing the MAGE-A2 expression inhibited the proliferation of prostate cancer (PCa) cells and increased the chemosensitivity. However, the expression pattern of MAGE-A2 in PCa tissue samples and its prognostic and therapeutic values for PCa patients is still unclear.

Methods

In this study, for the first time, the staining pattern and clinical significance of MAGE-A2 were evaluated in 166 paraffin-embedded prostate tissues, including 148 cases of PCa and 18 cases of high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HPIN), by immunohistochemical analysis.

Results

The simultaneous expression of both nuclear and cytoplasmic patterns of MAGE-A2 with different staining intensities was observed among studied cases. Increased expression of MAGE-A2 was significantly found in PCa tissues compared to HPIN cases (P < 0.0001). Among PCa samples, the strong staining intensity of nuclear expression was predominantly observed in comparison with cytoplasmic expression in PCa tissues (P < 0.0001). A significant and inverse correlation was found between the cytoplasmic expression of MAGE-A2 and increased Gleason score (P = 0.002). Increased cytoplasmic expression of MAGE-A2 was associated with longer biochemical recurrence-free survival (BCR-FS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of patients (P = 0.002, P = 0.001, respectively). In multivariate analysis, Gleason score and cytoplasmic expression of MAGE-A2 were independent predictors of the BCR-FS (P = 0.014; P = 0.028, respectively).

Conclusions

Taken together, cytoplasmic expression of MAGE-A2 was inversely proportional to the malignant grade and duration of recurrence of the disease in patients with PCa.

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Acknowledgements

This study was conducted as a research project and supported by a grant from Iran University of Medical Sciences (Grant Number #31-33720).

Funding

The funding source is a college institute and has sponsored the project financially and approved.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Azadeh Khalvandi

  2. Hasheminejad Kidney Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Maryam Abolhasani

  3. Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Maryam Abolhasani & Zahra Madjd

  4. Uro-Oncology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Laleh Sharifi

  5. Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Parisa Bakhshi

  6. Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Hemmat Highway, Tehran, Iran

    Monireh Mohsenzadegan

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  1. Azadeh Khalvandi
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  2. Maryam Abolhasani
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  3. Zahra Madjd
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  4. Laleh Sharifi
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Correspondence to Monireh Mohsenzadegan.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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All procedures performed in this study were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institution at which this study was conducted.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in this study.

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Khalvandi, A., Abolhasani, M., Madjd, Z. et al. Reduced cytoplasmic expression of MAGE-A2 predicts tumor aggressiveness and survival: an immunohistochemical analysis. World J Urol 39, 1831–1843 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-020-03395-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-020-03395-6

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