History of Vaccine Development; Contents; Contributors; Introduction; "Variolation" and Vaccination in Late Imperial China, Ca 1570-1911; The Development of Variolation in China; Variolation Practiced by the Manchu Imperial Family; Introduction of Jennerian Vaccination; Acceptance of Jennerain Vaccination; References; Edward Jenner's Role in the Introduction of Smallpox Vaccine; Introduction; Early Observations; Jenner's Vaccinations; True and Spurious Cowpox; Jenner in Perspective; Conclusion; References; Edward Jenner, Benefactor to Mankind; References Smallpox Eradication: The Vindication of Jenner's ProphesyThe First WHO Global Smallpox Eradication Campaign; The Intensified Smallpox Eradication Programme; Vaccination in the Intensified Smallpox Eradication Programme; New Methods of Vaccination; Surveillance and Containment; References; Pasteur and the Birth of Vaccines Made in the Laboratory; Introduction; Studies on Anthrax; Pasteur and the Chicken Cholera; Pasteur and Toussaint and Their Competition for an Anthrax Vaccine; Pasteur and Thuillier and the Swine Erysipelas; Pasteur and the Treatment of Rabies The Diffusion of the First Generation of Vaccines and Why!Conclusion; References; Antituberculosis BCG Vaccine: Lessons from the Past; Previous Knowledge; Discovery of BCG; Antituberculosis Immunity; BCG Vaccination; BCG Strain Diversity; BCG Vaccine Manufacture; BCG Efficacy; References; A History of Toxoids; Introduction; Discovery of Diphtheria and Tetanus Toxins, Toxoids and Antitoxins; Preparation of Diphtheria Toxin; Preparation of Tetanus Toxin; Preparation of Purified Toxoids; The Use of Adjuvants; References Vaccination Against Typhoid Fever: A Century of Research. End of the Beginning or Beginning of the End?Introduction; Historical Overview of Typhoid Fever; Introduction of Typhoid Vaccination: A Wright or R Pfeiffer?; Typhoid Fever Morbidity and Mortality in Relation to Vaccination: A Debate; At Last a Response; Toward a Significant Improvement: Vi Polysaccharide Vaccines; Live Attenuated Mutants of S. typhi Given Orally: An Alternative Option?; Is It the End, the Beginning of End or the End of the Beginning?; References The History of Pertussis Vaccination: From Whole-Cell to Subunit VaccinesThe Efficacy of Whole-Cell Vaccines; The Adverse Effects of Whole-Cell Vaccines; Development of Subunit Vaccines; The Efficacy of Subunit and Acellular Pertussis Vaccines; The Adverse Effects of Subunit and Acellular Pertussis Vaccines; Laboratory Correlates with Protection for Subunit Vaccines; References; Bacterial Polysaccharide Vaccines; References; Polysaccharide-Protein Conjugate Vaccines*; Historic Background; Primary Pathogens; Prevention of Hemophilus influenzae Type b (Hib) Meningitis; Historic Considerations Capsular Polysaccharides of Hemophilus influenzae | 
