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  • MPI Bildungsforschung  (63)
  • UdK Berlin  (1)
  • SB Fürstenwalde
  • Bibliothek Wandlitz
  • GB Großbeeren
  • Licensed  (64)
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  • 1
    UID:
    b3kat_BV049077159
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (18, [6] Seiten) , ill , 28 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 1406
    Note: "January 1995"--Cover , Includes bibliographical references (p. [20]-[22])
    Additional Edition: Leán, Javier Structural breaks and long-run trends in commodity prices
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, DC (1818 H St., NW, Washington 20433) : World Bank, Economic Development Institute, Regulatory Reform and Private Enterprise Division
    UID:
    b3kat_BV040616707
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (66 p) , ill , 28 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausgabe World Bank E-Library Archive Sonstige Standardnummer des Gesamttitels: 041181-4
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 2064
    Note: "February 1999"--Cover. - Includes bibliographical references (p. 63-66) , Erscheinungsjahr in Vorlageform:[1999]
    Additional Edition: Reproduktion von Campos-Méndez, Javier Regulating privatized rail transport 1999
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 3
    UID:
    b3kat_BV049075957
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (52 Seiten))
    Edition: Online-Ausg
    Content: July 2001 - How do you set up a regulatory accounting system for a sector no longer under the government's direct control, after railways have been turned over to concessions in varied circumstances and where available information is provided mainly by private operators? As a result of inexperience in setting up concession agreements, the agreements did not clearly define the information needed for oversight and regulation. Almost a decade after Argentina began privatizing its railways, resolution of the conflicts between regulators, users, and operators continues to take longer, and to be more difficult, than expected. Campos-Méndez, Estache, and Trujillo contend that many of these conflicts arose because there are no rules for interactions between the key stakeholders: government, regulators, users, unions, and the media.
    Content: One result of inexperience in setting up concession agreements has been that the agreements did not clearly define the information needed for oversight and regulation. Argentine rail concession contracts were supposed to be specific about the way tariffs, quality, investment, exclusivity, and so on, would change over time. And the newly created regulatory bodies were given some discretion about adjusting the contracts in the face of unforeseen developments. However, initial privatizations were carried out in such a way that there was no time to refine terms, so many loopholes remained. Those unforeseen events have happened, and the regulatory agency, the CNRT, has had to adapt its procedures and decisions to available information. In some cases, alleged modifications of the operating environment have led to renegotiations. Changes have been introduced in the approach to furnishing information to the government for oversight and regulatory accounting.
    Content: The changes center on clearer definitions in connection with four major issues: • The harmonization and comparison of accounting data. • The measurement of efficiency. • Access prices. • The financial model. Circumstances in the Argentine rail industry early in 2001 did not favor dramatic changes, but current renegotiations could be used to adjust information requirements to reflect what has been learned through six years of experience. This paper-a product of Governance, Regulation, and Finance Division, World Bank Institute-is part of a larger effort in the institute to promote best practice in the regulation of privatized infrastructure. Antonio Estache may be contacted at aestache@worldbank.org
    Additional Edition: Estache, Antonio Processes, Information, and Accounting Gaps in the Regulation of Argentina's Private Railways
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 4
    UID:
    almahu_9949191485202882
    Format: 1 online resource (372 pages)
    ISBN: 9781464801525
    Series Statement: Latin American Development Forum
    Content: The seven million teachers of Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) are the critical actors in the region's efforts to improve education quality and raise student learning levels, which lag far behind those of OECD countries and East Asian countries such as China. This book documents the high economic stakes around teacher quality, benchmarks the current performance of LAC's teachers, and delineates the key issues. These include low standards for entry into teacher training, poor quality training programs that are detached from the realities of the classroom, unattractive career incentives, and weak support for teachers once they are on the job. New research conducted for this report in close to 15,000 classrooms in seven different LAC countries - the largest cross-country study of this kind to date - provides a first-ever insight into how the region's teachers perform inside the classroom. It documents that the average teacher in LAC loses the equivalent of one day of instructional time per week because of inadequate preparation, excessive time on administration (taking attendance, passing out papers) and a surprisingly high share of time physically absent from the classrooms where they should be teaching. Teachers also make limited use of available learning materials, espcially those using information and communications technology (ICT), and are unable to keep the majority of their students engaged. The book sets out the three priority lines of reform needed to produce great teachers in LAC: policies to recruit better teachers; programs to groom teachers and improve their skills once they are in service; and stronger incentives to motivate teachers to perform their best throughout their career. In every area, the book distills the latest evidence from inside and outside the region to provide practical guidance to policymakers in the design of effective programs and sustainable reforms. A final chapter analyzes the politics of recent major teacher reforms in Chile, Peru, Ecuador and Mexico, chronicling the prominent role of teachers' unions and the political and communications strategies that have underpinned successful reforms.
    Additional Edition: Print Version: ISBN 9781464801518
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, DC, USA : World Bank Group, Poverty and Equity Global Practice
    UID:
    b3kat_BV049079577
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 34 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 8667
    Language: English
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048271960
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Content: This paper identifies the factors that affect the location of firms in Tanzania. Using a binomialeconometric strategy to address data gaps in firm location at the ward level, the paper groups factors into firm characteristics, market features, and two types of agglomeration economies that capture economies of scale external to the firm. The benefits of agglomeration may stem from specialization within and among firms (referred to in the literature as localization economies) or from diversification across firms (referred to as urbanization economies). The distinction between these two lies at the heart of the discussion on firm location. Regression results indicate that, of the various factors tested, the most important determinant driving firm location is the jobs diversification aspect of urban economies. Other contributing factors are localization economies (jobs specialization), competitive markets, and market access. Based on these findings, policymakers seeking to foster agglomeration could orient policies toward promoting firm entry within cities, complementary investments in urban infrastructure and the urban pool of labor, regulations that support competition, and improvements in market access for large cities. But localization economies are also significant in Tanzania, and could be encouraged through investment in smaller population centers and increasing competition and market access beyond the primary urban centers of Dar-es-Salaam and Arusha
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 7
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048265650
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (36 p)
    Content: This paper estimates the effect of enrollment in a large scale anti-poverty program in Colombia, Familias en Acción, on intent to vote, turnout and electoral choice. For identification the analysis uses discontinuities in program eligibility and variation in program enrollment across voting booths. It finds that Familias en Acción had a positive effect on political participation in the 2010 presidential elections by increasing the probability that program beneficiaries registered to vote and cast a ballot, particularly among women. Regarding voter's choice, the authors find that program participants expressed a stronger preference for the official party that implemented and expanded the program. Overall, the findings show that voters respond to targeted transfers and that these transfers can foster support for incumbents, thus making the case for designing political and legislative mechanisms, as the laws recently passed by the Colombian government, that avoid successful anti-poverty schemes from being captured by political patronage
    Additional Edition: Baez, Javier E Conditional Cash Transfers, Political Participation, and Voting Behavior
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 8
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048266106
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (30 p)
    Content: This paper presents a technical efficiency analysis of container ports in Latin America and the Caribbean using an input-oriented stochastic frontier model. A 10-year panel is employed with data on container throughput, port terminal area, length of berths, and number of cranes available in 67 ports. The model has three innovations with respect to the available literature: (i) it treats ship-to-shore gantry cranes and mobile cranes separately, in order to account for the higher productivity of the former; (ii) a binary variable is introduced for ports using ships' cranes, treated as an additional source of port productivity; and (iii) a binary variable is used for ports operating as transshipment hubs. The associated parameters are highly significant in the production function. The results show an improvement in the average technical efficiency of ports in the Latin America and the Caribbean region from 36 percent to 50 percent between 1999 and 2009; the best-performing port in 2009 achieved a technical efficiency of 94 percent with respect to the frontier. The paper also studies possible determinants of port technical efficiency, such as ownership, corruption, terminal purpose, income per capita, and location. The results reveal positive, but weak, associations between technical efficiency with landlord ports and with lower corruption levels; stronger results are observed between technical efficiency with specialized container terminals and with average income
    Additional Edition: Sarriera, Javier Morales Benchmarking Container Port Technical Efficiency in Latin America and the Caribbean
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 9
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048267874
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Content: For the purposes of this project, the East African countries included in the study were Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda. The focus for this project was Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) as for-profit or nonprofit organizations with less than 50 employees and not exceeding USD 1,000,000 in annual revenues/turnover. The main output of this project was a proposed program of interventions to drive transformational change. To succeed in this ambitious endeavor, the project articulated clear objectives and designed a blueprint for implementation including levels of resourcing, budget and monitoring metrics. Over the course of the project the team conducted brief surveys with over 90 entrepreneurs, over 50 percent of who had 3-10 years of experience in the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) sector and primarily worked at companies with 5 employees or less
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 10
    UID:
    b3kat_BV049081663
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Policy Notes
    Content: COVID-19 closures in Latin American and the Caribbean countries helped to curb the spread of the virus, but inevitably brought negative consequences for households, principally in the form of job losses, income reduction, and, in some cases, food insecurity. Future policy measures should aim to strike the right balance between saving lives and protecting livelihoods. Where closures are necessary, they should be adapted to a country's labor market and other localized conditions so as to minimize profound welfare losses. Governments should strive for robust and agile social safety net systems to be able to respond to the sudden falls in household welfare
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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