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  • Ruggeri, Tommaso  (2)
  • Dopatka, Friedrich-Wilhelm  (1)
  • Hirsch, Martin
  • Licensed  (3)
  • 1
    UID:
    b3kat_BV042457140
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (98S.)
    ISBN: 9783322843760 , 9783810000385
    Note: Urteilen ist wie anderes menschliches Verhalten auch ein sehr 'menschlicher Prozeß'; so daß John Hogarth in seiner bekannten gleichnamigen Untersuchung am Ende belegen kann, daß er, ohne Tat und Täter zu kennen, in der Hälfte aller Fälle exakt voraussagen konne, wie hoch die Freiheitsstrafe ausfallen wird, solange er nur weiß, welche kriminologischen Ursachen der Richter für wichtig halte und welche Strafziele er verfolge, - während er diese Voraussage in Kenntnis von Tat und Täter nicht mehr wagen wolle. Diese Situation in Kanada mag für uns heute in dieser Form nicht mehr zutreffen, doch zeigen auch bei uns alle Untersuchungen zur Strafzumessung, daß es immer noch besser ist, im Gerichtsbezirk A wegen einer Trunkenheitsfahrt mit Todesfolge verurteilt zu werden als im benachbarten Gerichtsbezirk B, weil man dort für diesselbe Tat anstatt einer Geld- eine Gefängnisstrafe erhalten würde. Urteilen ist stets das Handeln von Menschen mit all ihren subjektiven Ansichten, Meinungen und Vorstellungen; Urteilen ist nicht das genau voraussagbare Ergebnis von Automaten oder richterlichen Rollenträgern, die hinter ihrer Richterrobe objektiv und kühl lediglich das Gesetz auf den vorliegenden Fall anwenden. Dieses Urteilen wird um so menschlicher, je mehr der Richter selber Mensch bleibt, je weniger er aus seinem Paragraphenturm heraus urteilt, je mehr er Laie, je mehr er Schöffe ist. Gerade dies ist wohl die zentrale Aufgabe des Schöffen, in einem abstrakten, entfremdeten Prozeß mit starrem Ritual; überhöhtem Richtersitz und schwarzen Roben die menschliche Seite zu vertreten
    Language: German
    Keywords: Strafverfahrensrecht ; Rechtsprechung ; Einführung
    Author information: Müller, Ingo 1942-
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    New York, NY : Springer US
    UID:
    b3kat_BV042421043
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (XI, 230p. 43 illus)
    ISBN: 9781468404470 , 9781468404494
    Series Statement: Springer Tracts in Natural Philosophy 37
    Note: Physicists firmly believe that the differential equations of nature should be hyperbolic so as to exclude action at a distance; yet the equations of irreversible thermodynamics - those of Navier-Stokes and Fourier - are parabolic. This incompatibility between the expectation of physicists and the classical laws of thermodynamics has prompted the formulation of extended thermodynamics. After describing the motifs and early evolution of this new branch of irreversible thermodynamics, the authors apply the theory to mon-atomic gases, mixtures of gases, relativistic gases, and "gases" of phonons and photons. The discussion brings into perspective the various phenomena called second sound, such as heat propagation, propagation of shear stress and concentration, and the second sound in liquid helium. The formal mathematical structure of extended thermodynamics is exposed and the theory is shown to be fully compatible with the kinetic theory of gases. The study closes with the testing of extended thermodynamics through the exploitation of its predictions for measurements of light scattering and sound propagation
    Language: English
    Keywords: Kinetische Gastheorie ; Nichtgleichgewichtsthermodynamik
    Author information: Müller, Ingo 1936-
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    New York, NY : Springer New York
    UID:
    b3kat_BV042419997
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (XV, 396p. 84 illus)
    Edition: 2
    ISBN: 9781461222101 , 9781461274605
    Series Statement: Springer Tracts in Natural Philosophy 37
    Note: Ordinary thermodynamics provides reliable results when the thermodynamic fields are smooth, in the sense that there are no steep gradients and no rapid changes. In fluids and gases this is the domain of the equations of Navier-Stokes and Fourier. Extended thermodynamics becomes relevant for rapidly varying and strongly inhomogeneous processes. Thus the propagation of high­frequency waves, and the shape of shock waves, and the regression of small-scale fluctuation are governed by extended thermodynamics. The field equations of ordinary thermodynamics are parabolic while extended thermodynamics is governed by hyperbolic systems. The main ingredients of extended thermodynamics are - field equations of balance type, - constitutive quantities depending on the present local state and - entropy as a concave function of the state variables. This set of assumptions leads to first order quasi-linear symmetric hyperbolic systems of field equations; it guarantees the well-posedness of initial value problems and finite speeds of propagation. Several tenets of irreversible thermodynamics had to be changed in subtle ways to make extended thermodynamics work. Thus, the entropy is allowed to depend on nonequilibrium variables, the entropy flux is a general constitutive quantity, and the equations for stress and heat flux contain inertial terms. New insight is therefore provided into the principle of material frame indifference. With these modifications an elegant formal structure can be set up in which, just as in classical thermostatics, all restrictive conditions-- derived from the entropy principle- take the form of integrability conditions
    Language: English
    Keywords: Kinetische Gastheorie ; Nichtgleichgewichtsthermodynamik
    Author information: Müller, Ingo 1936-
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