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  • Rand Corporation  (4)
  • Ambrosi, Philippe  (3)
  • Open access  (7)
  • 1
    UID:
    gbv_64703087X
    Format: Online-Ressource (xxix, 263 p) , ill , 23 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2009 Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    ISBN: 0833038974 , 9780833038975
    Content: This book analyzes media and public reactions to civilian casualty incidents to determine whether these incidents affect media reporting or public support for military operations. Using case studies of incidents of civilian deaths over the last decade (the 1991 Al Firdos bunker bombing, the 1999 Djakovica convoy and Chinese embassy attacks, the 2002 Afghan wedding party attack, and the 2003 Baghdad marketplace explosion), the study team examined U
    Note: "MG-441-AF"--P. [4] of cover , "Prepared for the United States Air Force , Includes bibliographical references (p. 235-263) , ""Cover""; ""Preface""; ""Contents""; ""Figures""; ""Tables""; ""Summary""; ""Acknowledgments""; ""Abbreviations""; ""Chapter One - Introduction""; ""Literature Review""; ""John E. Mueller""; ""The Principal Policy Objective (PPO) Approach""; ""Eric Larson""; ""Peter D. Feaver and Christopher Gelpi""; ""Scott S. Gartner and Gary M. Segura""; ""Approach""; ""Organization of This Monograph""; ""Chapter Two - Operation Desert Storm (Iraq, 1991)""; ""Civilian Casualty Estimates""; ""Handling of the Civilian Casualties Issue""; ""The Arc of Media and Public Concern"" , ""U.S. Media and Public Opinion Responses""""Foreign Media and Public Opinion""; ""The Al Firdos Bunker Incident""; ""U.S. Media and Public Opinion Responses""; ""Foreign Media and Public Opinion Responses""; ""Key Lessons""; ""Chapter Three - Operation Allied Force (Kosovo, 1999)""; ""Civilian Casualty Estimates""; ""Estimates of Civilian Deaths Due to NATO Action""; ""Civilian Deaths Due to FRY Action""; ""Estimates of FRY Military Deaths Due to NATO Action""; ""Handling of the Civilian Casualties Issue""; ""The FRY�s Handling of the Casualties Issue"" , ""The U.S. Coalition�s Treatment of the Civilian Casualties Issue""""The Arc of Media and Public Concern""; ""U.S. Media and Public Opinion Responses""; ""Foreign Media and Public Opinion""; ""The April 14 Convoy Attacks Outside Djakovica""; ""U.S. Media and Public Opinion Responses""; ""Foreign Media and Public Opinion Responses""; ""The May 7 Chinese Embassy Bombing""; ""U.S. Media and Public Opinion Responses""; ""Foreign Media and Public Opinion Responses""; ""Conclusions""; ""Chapter Four - Operation Enduring Freedom (Afghanistan, 2001-)""; ""Civilian Casualty Estimates"" , ""Handling of the Civilian Casualties Issue""""The Arc of Media and Public Concern""; ""U.S. Media and Public Opinion Responses""; ""Foreign Media and Public Opinion""; ""The Wedding Party Incident""; ""Background on the Incident""; ""U.S. Media and Public Opinion Responses""; ""Foreign Media and Public Opinion Responses""; ""Key Lessons""; ""Chapter Five - Operation Iraqi Freedom (Iraq, 2003-)""; ""Civilian Casualty Estimates""; ""Handling of the Civilian Casualties Issue""; ""The Arc of Media and Public Concern""; ""U.S. Media and Public Opinion""; ""Foreign Media and Public Opinion"" , ""The Marketplace Incident""""Background on the Incident""; ""U.S. Media and Public Opinion Responses""; ""Foreign Media and Public Opinion Responses""; ""Key Lessons""; ""Chapter Six - Implications and Conclusions""; ""The Military: A Highly Credible Institution""; ""Recommendations""; ""Appendix - Multivariate Statistical Modeling Results""; ""Bibliography"" , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Additional Edition: ISBN 9780833038975
    Additional Edition: Print version Misfortunes of War : Press and Public Reactions to Civilian Deaths in Wartime
    Language: English
    Keywords: Electronic books
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 2
    UID:
    gbv_1017849528
    Format: Online-Ressource
    Content: We describe important institutions that shape climate change policies together with a set of key market-reliant instruments. We selectively review the related economic literature, emphasizing empirical studies that assess the efficacy of current policies and the workings of policy-dependent markets. Special attention is given to new carbon finance markets tied to the Kyoto Protocol's flexibility mechanisms. Promising areas for future research are identified
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 3
    UID:
    gbv_797530495
    Format: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Policy Research Working Paper 4786
    Content: The Clean Development Mechanism, a provision of The Kyoto Protocol, allows countries that have pledged to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions to gain credit toward their treaty obligations by investing in projects located in developing (host) countries. Such projects are expected to benefit both parties by providing low-cost abatement opportunities for the investor-country, while facilitating capital and technology flows to the host country. This paper analyzes the Clean Development Mechanism market, emphasizing the cooperation aspects between host and investor countries. The analysis uses a dichotomous (yes/no) variable and three continuous variants to measure the level of cooperation, namely the number of joint projects, the volume of carbon dioxide abatement, and the volume of investment in the projects. The results suggest that economic development, institutional development, the energy structure of the economies, the level of country vulnerability to various climate change effects, and the state of international relations between the host and investor countries are good predictors of the level of cooperation in Clean Development Mechanism projects. The main policy conclusions include the importance of simplifying the project regulation/clearance cycle; improving the governance structure host and investor countries; and strengthening trade or other long-term economic activities that engage the countries.
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 4
    UID:
    gbv_797533834
    Format: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Policy Research Working Paper 4761
    Content: The scale of investment needed to slow greenhouse gas emissions is larger than governments can manage through transfers. Therefore, climate change policies rely heavily on markets and private capital. This is especially true in the case of the Kyoto Protocol with its provisions for trade and investment in joint projects. This paper describes institutions and policies important for new carbon markets and explains their origins. Research efforts that explore conceptual aspects of current policy are surveyed along with empirical studies that make predictions about how carbon markets will work and perform. The authors summarize early investment and price outcomes from newly formed markets and point out areas where markets have preformed as predicted and areas where markets remain incomplete. Overall the scale of carbon-market investment planned exceeds earlier expectations, but the geographic dispersion of investment is uneven and important opportunities for abatement remain untapped in some sectors, indicating a need for additional research on how investment markets work. How best to promote the development and deployment of new technologies is another promising area for study identified in the paper.
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 5
    UID:
    gbv_1008647675
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (xxxiv, 310 pages)
    ISBN: 9780833029195 , 0833032496 , 9781282282711 , 1282282719 , 9780833032492 , 0833029193
    Series Statement: MR / Rand Corporation MR-1251-A
    Content: Introduction -- Understanding Homeland Security -- Analytic Framework -- Protecting Americans at Home: WMD Domestic Preparedness and Civil Support -- Ensuring Constitutional Authority: Continuity of Government -- Ensuring Military Capability: Continuity of Operations -- Protecting Sovereignty: Border and Coastal Defense -- Illustrative Planning Vignettes -- Analysis of Army DOTLMS -- Options, Recommendations, and Conclusions -- Appendix A: Considering Threat Campaigns -- Appendix B: A Notional WMD CST Trade-Off Analysis -- Appendix C: Homeland Security DOD Directives -- Appendix D: Overview of the Posse Comitatus Act -- Appendix E: Threat Findings of the Nunn-Lugar-Domenici Act -- Appendix F: State and Local Domestic Preparedness Needs -- Appendix G: The Federal Response Plan and Terrorism Incident Annex -- Appendix H: Army Domestic Preparedness Training Activities -- Appendix I: Army Mission-Critical Facilities and Systems -- Appendix J: Recommendations of the Defense Science Board -- Appendix K: Recommendations of the President's Commission on Critical Infrastructure Protection -- Appendix L: The Federal Program to Combat Terrorism and WMD -- Appendix M: Notional GPRA Measures of Performance
    Content: Introduction -- Understanding Homeland Security -- Analytic Framework -- Protecting Americans at Home: WMD Domestic Preparedness and Civil Support -- Ensuring Constitutional Authority: Continuity of Government -- Ensuring Military Capability: Continuity of Operations -- Protecting Sovereignty: Border and Coastal Defense -- Illustrative Planning Vignettes -- Analysis of Army DOTLMS -- Options, Recommendations, and Conclusions -- Appendix A: Considering Threat Campaigns -- Appendix B: A Notional WMD CST Trade-Off Analysis -- Appendix C: Homeland Security DOD Directives -- Appendix D: Overview of the Posse Comitatus Act -- Appendix E: Threat Findings of the Nunn-Lugar-Domenici Act -- Appendix F: State and Local Domestic Preparedness Needs -- Appendix G: The Federal Response Plan and Terrorism Incident Annex -- Appendix H: Army Domestic Preparedness Training Activities -- Appendix I: Army Mission-Critical Facilities and Systems -- Appendix J: Recommendations of the Defense Science Board -- Appendix K: Recommendations of the President's Commission on Critical Infrastructure Protection -- Appendix L: The Federal Program to Combat Terrorism and WMD -- Appendix M: Notional GPRA Measures of Performance
    Note: "Prepared for the United States Army , "MR-1251-A"--Page 4 of cover , Includes bibliographical references (pages 293-310)
    Additional Edition: ISBN 0833029193
    Additional Edition: Druck-Ausgabe
    Additional Edition: Print version Larson, Eric V. (Eric Victor), 1957- Preparing the U.S. Army for homeland security Santa Monica, CA : Rand, 2001
    Language: English
    Keywords: Electronic books
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 6
    UID:
    gbv_1008647489
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (xviii, 174 pages)
    ISBN: 9780833048288 , 0833048287 , 9780833027436 , 0585245487 , 0833027433 , 9780585245485
    Content: Coercion--the use of threatened force to induce an adversary to change its behavior--is a critical function of the U.S. military. U.S. forces have recently fought in the Balkans, the Persian Gulf, and the Horn of Africa to compel recalcitrant regimes and warlords to stop repression, abandon weapons programs, permit humanitarian relief, and otherwise modify their actions. Yet despite its overwhelming military might, the United States often fails to coerce successfully. This report examines the phenomenon of coercion and how air power can contribute to its success. Three factors increase the likelihood of successful coercion: (1) the coercer's ability to raise the costs it imposes while denying the adversary the chance to respond (escalation dominance); (2) an ability to block an adversary's military strategy for victory; and (3) an ability to magnify third-party threats, such as internal instability or the danger posed by another enemy. Domestic political concerns (such as casualty sensitivity) and coalition dynamics often constrain coercive operations and impair the achievement of these conditions. Air power can deliver potent and credible threats that foster the above factors while neutralizing adversary countercoercive moves. When the favorable factors are absent, however, air power--or any other military instrument--will probably fail to coerce. Policymakers' use of coercive air power under inauspicious conditions diminishes the chances of using it elsewhere when the prospects of success would be greater
    Note: "Project Air Force, Rand , "MR-1061-AF , Includes bibliographical references (pages 161-174)
    Additional Edition: ISBN 0833027433
    Additional Edition: Druck-Ausgabe
    Additional Edition: Print version Byman, Daniel, 1967- Air power as a coercive instrument Santa Monica, Calif : Rand, 1999
    Language: English
    Keywords: Electronic books
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 7
    UID:
    gbv_1008663077
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (xxv, 130 pages)
    ISBN: 9780833086310 , 0833089897 , 0833086316 , 9780833089892
    Content: Although two successive presidents have determined that weapons of mass destruction (WMD)--particularly nuclear weapons in the hands of violent extremists--pose the greatest threat to the American people, and have decided that countering their proliferation is a top strategic priority, neither administration has made countering WMD a priority when it comes to allocating budgetary resources to that overarching national mission. In the public domain, little analysis exists that assesses the capacity and capabilities required by military forces to conduct WMD elimination (WMD-E) operations. As a result, public discussion of what capabilities the military requires for such operations generally omits or gives short shrift to requirements for the WMD-E mission. The purpose of this report is to address and analyze those requirements, namely, the ground force capacity (force size) and capabilities (force structure) needed to accomplish WMD-E missions and tasks. In particular, these analyses provide an informed description of the types and size of U.S. Army forces required to conduct WMD-E operations in a wide range of situations
    Content: Although two successive presidents have determined that weapons of mass destruction (WMD)--particularly nuclear weapons in the hands of violent extremists--pose the greatest threat to the American people, and have decided that countering their proliferation is a top strategic priority, neither administration has made countering WMD a priority when it comes to allocating budgetary resources to that overarching national mission. In the public domain, little analysis exists that assesses the capacity and capabilities required by military forces to conduct WMD elimination (WMD-E) operations. As a result, public discussion of what capabilities the military requires for such operations generally omits or gives short shrift to requirements for the WMD-E mission. The purpose of this report is to address and analyze those requirements, namely, the ground force capacity (force size) and capabilities (force structure) needed to accomplish WMD-E missions and tasks. In particular, these analyses provide an informed description of the types and size of U.S. Army forces required to conduct WMD-E operations in a wide range of situations
    Note: "RAND Arroyo Center , "Prepared for the United States Army , Includes bibliographical references (pages 123-130)
    Additional Edition: ISBN 0833086316
    Additional Edition: Print version Bonds, Tim, 1962- Strategy-policy mismatch Santa Monica, Calif : Rand Corporation, [2014]
    Language: English
    Keywords: Electronic books
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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