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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Magnetoresistance and magnetization oscillations in Fe/Cr/Fe trilayers
    AIP Publishing ; 1994
    In:  Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 76, No. 10 ( 1994-11-15), p. 6604-6606
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 76, No. 10 ( 1994-11-15), p. 6604-6606
    Abstract: The 2-ML (monolayer) oscillation period has been observed in the magnetization as well as in the magnetoresistance of Fe/Cr/Fe trilayers. Kerr effect measurements were performed in order to verify the periodicity and determine the kind of the coupling between the Fe layers. The magnetoresistance loops show characteristic steps at magnetic field values at which the size of the magnetization changes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8979 , 1089-7550
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.358207
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 1994
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 220641-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3112-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1476463-5
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  • 2
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    Online Resource
    On the rotational temperature and structure dependence of electric field deflection experiments: A case study of germanium clusters
    AIP Publishing ; 2011
    In:  The Journal of Chemical Physics Vol. 135, No. 3 ( 2011-07-21)
    Details
    In: The Journal of Chemical Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 135, No. 3 ( 2011-07-21)
    Abstract: Molecular beam electric field deflection experiments offer a probe to the structural and dielectric properties of isolated particles in the gas phase. However, their quantitative interpretation is still a formidable task. Despite the benefits of this method, the analysis of the deflection behavior is often complicated by various experimental and theoretical problems, including the amount of energy stored in internal and rotational modes of the deflected particle and the amount of structural asymmetry. In this contribution, we address these issues by discussing the experimentally observed field-induced deflection of Ge9, Ge10, and Ge15 clusters in comparison to quantum mechanical and classical deflection models. Additionally, we derive simple formulas to describe how the molecular beam deflection depends on the rotational temperature and the symmetry of the particle. Based on these results, we discuss to what extend molecular beam electric field deflection experiments can be used as a tool for structure determination of isolated clusters in the gas phase.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-9606 , 1089-7690
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.3610390
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3113-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1473050-9
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Electric deflection studies on lead clusters
    AIP Publishing ; 2008
    In:  The Journal of Chemical Physics Vol. 129, No. 4 ( 2008-07-28)
    Details
    In: The Journal of Chemical Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 129, No. 4 ( 2008-07-28)
    Abstract: The dielectric response to an inhomogeneous electric field has been investigated for PbN clusters (N=7–38) within a molecular beam experiment. The experiments give clear evidence that lead clusters with 12, 14, and 18 atoms possess permanent dipole moments. For these cluster sizes, the permanent electric dipole moments strongly determine the response to the electric field, leading to a significantly increased apparent polarizability. An adiabatic polarization mechanism allows a semiquantitative explanation of the observed susceptibility anomalies. The beam profiles of most of the lead clusters with N≠12, 14, and 18 also display a small broadening induced by the electric field, indicating permanent dipole moments of about (0.01–0.02)D/atom. Nearly constant dipole moments per atom for larger lead clusters (N & gt;20) manifest in a linear increase in the polarizability per atom. Also, for lead clusters such as Pb25, which do exhibit almost no measurable beam broadening, the polarizabilties are increased compared to the bulk value. This could be partially explained by the electronic structure of the lead clusters but might be also a consequence of quenched permanent dipole moments because for highly flexible clusters only an increased beam deflection, but no broadening, will be observed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-9606 , 1089-7690
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.2924121
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3113-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1473050-9
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Thermally induced polarizabilities and dipole moments of small tin clusters
    AIP Publishing ; 2012
    In:  The Journal of Chemical Physics Vol. 136, No. 13 ( 2012-04-07)
    Details
    In: The Journal of Chemical Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 136, No. 13 ( 2012-04-07)
    Abstract: We study the influence of thermal excitation on the electric susceptibilities for Sn6 and Sn7 clusters by molecular beam electric deflection and Monte-Carlo simulations in conjunction with quantum-chemical calculations. At low temperatures (40 K), no field-induced broadening of the Sn6 and Sn7 cluster beams are observed, in agreement with vanishing permanent electric dipole moments due to their centro-symmetrical ground states. The electric polarizabilities of Sn6 and Sn7, as inferred from the field-induced molecular beam deflection, are in good agreement with the quantum-chemical predictions. At elevated temperatures of 50–100 K, increased polarizabilities of about 2–3 Å3 are obtained. Also, we found indications of a field-induced beam broadening which points to the existence of permanent dipole moments of about 0.01–0.02 D per atom at higher temperatures. These results cannot be explained by thermal excitations within a harmonic oscillator model, which would yield a temperature-independent polarizability and fluxional, but not permanent, dipole moments. We analyze this behavior by Monte-Carlo simulations in order to compute average temperature-induced electric dipole moments. For that purpose, we developed a novel technique for predicting observables sampled on the quantum-chemical potential energy surface by an umbrella sampling correction of Monte-Carlo results obtained from simulations utilizing an empirical potential. The calculated, fluxional dipole moments are in tune with the observed beam broadenings. The cluster dynamics underlying the polarizability appear to be intermediate between rigid and floppy molecules which leads to the conclusion that the rotational, not the vibrational temperature seems to be the key parameter that determines the temperature dependence of the polarizability.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-9606 , 1089-7690
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.3699071
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3113-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1473050-9
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Investigation of 90° coupling in Fe/Ag/Fe structures: ‘‘Loose spins’’ and fluctuation mechanism
    AIP Publishing ; 1995
    In:  Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 77, No. 12 ( 1995-06-15), p. 6432-6438
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 77, No. 12 ( 1995-06-15), p. 6432-6438
    Abstract: Results are outlined of experimental work concerning Slonczewski’s theories explaining 90° coupling: ‘‘loose spin’’ theory and thickness-fluctuation mechanism. The loose spin theory suggests that 90° coupling originates from paramagnetic impurities in the interlayer of an exchange-coupled layered structure. The influence of these paramagnetic impurities on the magnetic exchange coupling was studied using the wedge technique. High-quality single-crystalline Fe/Ag/Fe samples were prepared in UHV and each sample consisted of two wedges: one wedge with additional Fe deliberately inserted during growth into the Ag interlayer and one wedge with a pure Fe/Ag/Fe structure. The detailed analysis of magneto-optic hysteresis loops revealed quantitatively the bilinearly and the 90° coupling strength. As predicted by loose spin theory additional Fe in the Ag spacer lead to a strong temperature dependence of the 90° coupling. According to the theory an increase of 90° coupling strength proportional to impurity concentration was detected while the strength of bilinear coupling decreased. For the pure Fe/Ag/Fe structure, a linear increase of the 90° coupling strength with decreasing temperature was observed. This result can be explained within the fluctuation mechanism which creates 90° coupling through a combination of interface roughness and intralayer ferromagnetic exchange.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8979 , 1089-7550
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.359117
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 1995
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 220641-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3112-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1476463-5
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    Nanoscale diffractive probing of strain dynamics in ultrafast transmission electron microscopy
    AIP Publishing ; 2018
    In:  Structural Dynamics Vol. 5, No. 1 ( 2018-01-01)
    Details
    In: Structural Dynamics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 5, No. 1 ( 2018-01-01)
    Abstract: The control of optically driven high-frequency strain waves in nanostructured systems is an essential ingredient for the further development of nanophononics. However, broadly applicable experimental means to quantitatively map such structural distortion on their intrinsic ultrafast time and nanometer length scales are still lacking. Here, we introduce ultrafast convergent beam electron diffraction with a nanoscale probe beam for the quantitative retrieval of the time-dependent local deformation gradient tensor. We demonstrate its capabilities by investigating the ultrafast acoustic deformations close to the edge of a single-crystalline graphite membrane. Tracking the structural distortion with a 28-nm/700-fs spatio-temporal resolution, we observe an acoustic membrane breathing mode with spatially modulated amplitude, governed by the optical near field structure at the membrane edge. Furthermore, an in-plane polarized acoustic shock wave is launched at the membrane edge, which triggers secondary acoustic shear waves with a pronounced spatio-temporal dependency. The experimental findings are compared to numerical acoustic wave simulations in the continuous medium limit, highlighting the importance of microscopic dissipation mechanisms and ballistic transport channels.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2329-7778
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.5009822
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2758684-4
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Tailored nanophononic wavefield in a patterned bilayer system probed by ultrafast convergent beam electron diffraction
    AIP Publishing ; 2022
    In:  Structural Dynamics Vol. 9, No. 3 ( 2022-05-01)
    Details
    In: Structural Dynamics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 9, No. 3 ( 2022-05-01)
    Abstract: Optically excited nanostructures provide a versatile platform for the generation of confined nanophononic fields with potential (non-)linear interactions between different degrees of freedom. Control of resonance frequencies and the selective excitation of acoustic modes still remains challenging due to the interplay of nanoscale geometries and interfacial coupling mechanisms. Here, we demonstrate that a semiconductor membrane patterned with a platinum stripe acts as a tailored source for high-frequency strain waves generating a multi-modal distortion wave propagating through the membrane. To locally monitor the ultrafast structural dynamics at a specific distance from the deposited metal stripe, we employ ultrafast convergent beam electron diffraction in a laser-pump/electron-probe scheme. Experimentally observed acoustic deformations are reproduced by numerical simulations in a continuous medium model, revealing a spatiotemporal evolution of the lattice dynamics dominated by local rotations with minor strain and shear contributions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2329-7778
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/4.0000144
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2758684-4
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Magnetic phases in superconducting, polycrystalline bulk FeSe samples
    AIP Publishing ; 2021
    In:  AIP Advances Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2021-01-01)
    Details
    In: AIP Advances, AIP Publishing, Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2021-01-01)
    Abstract: The FeSe compound is the simplest high-temperature superconductor (HTSc) possible, and relatively cheap, not containing any rare-earth material. Although the transition temperature, Tc, is just below 10 K, the upper critical fields are comparable with other HTSc. Preparing FeSe using solid-state sintering yields samples exhibiting strong ferromagnetic hysteresis loops (MHLs), and the superconducting contribution is only visible after subtracting MHLs from above Tc. Due to the complicated phase diagram, the samples are a mixture of several phases, the superconducting β-FeSe, and the non-superconducting δ-FeSe and γ-FeSe. Furthermore, antiferromagnetic Fe7Se8 and ferromagnetic α-Fe may be contained, depending directly on the Se loss during the sintering process. Here, we show MHLs measured up to ±7 T and determine the magnetic characteristics, together with the amount of superconductivity determined from M(T) measurements. We also performed a thorough analysis of the microstructures in order to establish a relation between microstructure and the resulting sample properties.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2158-3226
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/9.0000167
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2583909-3
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Electron-beam-induced current measurements with applied bias provide insight to locally resolved acceptor concentrations at p - n junctions
    AIP Publishing ; 2015
    In:  AIP Advances Vol. 5, No. 7 ( 2015-07-01)
    Details
    In: AIP Advances, AIP Publishing, Vol. 5, No. 7 ( 2015-07-01)
    Abstract: Electron-beam-induced current (EBIC) measurements have been employed for the investigation of the local electrical properties existing at various types of electrical junctions during the past decades. In the standard configuration, the device under investigation is analyzed under short-circuit conditions. Further insight into the function of the electrical junction can be obtained when applying a bias voltage. The present work gives insight into how EBIC measurements at applied bias can be conducted at the submicrometer level, at the example of CuInSe2 solar cells. From the EBIC profiles acquired across ZnO/CdS/CuInSe2/Mo stacks exhibiting p-n junctions with different net doping densities in the CuInSe2 layers, values for the width of the space-charge region, w, were extracted. For all net doping densities, these values decreased with increasing applied voltage. Assuming a linear relationship between w2 and the applied voltage, the resulting net doping densities agreed well with the ones obtained by means of capacitance-voltage measurements.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2158-3226
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.4928097
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2583909-3
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Patterning of two-dimensional electron systems in SrTiO3 based heterostructures using a CeO2 template
    AIP Publishing ; 2017
    In:  AIP Advances Vol. 7, No. 5 ( 2017-05-01)
    Details
    In: AIP Advances, AIP Publishing, Vol. 7, No. 5 ( 2017-05-01)
    Abstract: Two-dimensional electron systems found at the interface of SrTiO3-based oxide heterostructures often display anisotropic electric transport whose origin is currently under debate. To characterize transport along specific crystallographic directions, we developed a hard-mask patterning routine based on an amorphous CeO2 template layer. The technique allows preparing well-defined microbridges by conventional ultraviolet photolithography which, in comparison to standard techniques such as ion- or wet-chemical etching, does not induce any degradation of interfacial conductance. The patterning scheme is described in detail and the successful production of microbridges based on amorphous Al2O3-SrTiO3 heterostructures is demonstrated. Significant anisotropic transport is observed for T & lt; 30 K which is mainly related to impurity/defect scattering of charge carriers in these heterostructures.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2158-3226
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.4973696
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2583909-3
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