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Article

Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in mothers and term babies (2009)

Kilari, Anitha S. ; Mehendale, Savita S. ; Dangat, Kamini D. ; [et al.]

Berlin : Kooperation de Gruyter

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UID:

edochu_18452_13217

ISSN: 1619-3997 , 1619-3997

Content: Aim: To establish the levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (AA) in both plasma and erythrocytes of maternal and cord blood as well as in breast milk of mothers delivering babies at term. Methods: A total of 148 mothers delivering babies at term were recruited from Bharati Medical Hospital, Pune, India. Results: Levels of DHA and AA in both plasma and erythrocyte were higher in cord blood compared to levels in maternal blood (P<0.001). Maternal plasma and erythrocyte DHA levels had a positive association with the respective levels in cord blood (P<0.001). However, such an association was not seen for AA levels. Maternal plasma omega 3 and omega 6 fatty acids were positively associated with the respective milk fatty acids (P<0.01). Conclusions: Our results indicate that milk long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) status reflects the concentrations of maternal LCPUFA in women delivering babies at term. Improving the maternal LCPUFA status throughout pregnancy and lactation may improve the milk LCPUFA status and ultimately benefit the infant.

Content: Peer Reviewed

In: Journal of Perinatal Medicine, : de Gruyter, 2009, 37,2009,5, Seiten 513-518, 1619-3997

Language: Undetermined

DOI: 10.1515/JPM.2009.096

DOI: 10.18452/12565

URN: urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-100160571

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2

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Maternal visfatin concentration in normal pregnancy (2008)

Kusanovic, Juan Pedro ; Vaisbuch, Edi ; Erez, Offer ; [et al.]

Berlin : Kooperation de Gruyter

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UID:

edochu_18452_11732

ISSN: 1619-3997 , 1619-3997

Content: Objective: Adipose tissue has now emerged as a powerful endocrine organ via the production of adipokines. Visfatin, a novel adipokine with diabetogenic and immuno-modulatory properties has been implicated in the pathophysiology of insulin resistance in patients with obesity and Type-2 diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to determine whether there are changes in the maternal plasma concentration of visfatin with advancing gestation and as a function of maternal weight. Study design: In this cross-sectional study, maternal plasma concentrations of visfatin were determined in normal weight and overweight/obese pregnant women in the following gestational age groups: 1) 11–14 weeks (n=52); 2) 19–26 weeks (n=68); 3) 27–34 weeks (n=93); and 4) >37 weeks (n=60). Visfatin concentrations were determined by ELISA. Non parametric statistics were used for analysis. Results: 1) The median maternal plasma visfatin concentration was higher in pregnant women between 19–26 weeks of gestation than that of those between 11–14 weeks of gestation (P<0.01) and those between 27–34 weeks of gestation (P<0.01); 2) among normal weight pregnant women, the median plasma visfatin concentrations of women between 19–26 weeks of gestation was higher than that of those between 11–14 weeks (P<0.01) and those between 27–34 weeks (P<0.01); and 3) among overweight/obese patients, the median maternal visfatin concentration was similar between the different gestational age groups. Conclusion: The median maternal plasma concentration of visfatin peaks between 19–26 and has a nadir between 27–34 weeks of gestation. Normal and overweight/obese pregnant women differed in the pattern of changes in circulating visfatin concentrations as a function of gestational age.

Content: Peer Reviewed

In: Journal of Perinatal Medicine, : de Gruyter, 2009, 37,2008,3, Seiten 206-217, 1619-3997

Language: Undetermined

DOI: 10.1515/JPM.2009.054

DOI: 10.18452/11080

URN: urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-100137322

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3

Article

Development and analytical performance evaluation of an automated chemiluminescent immunoassay for pro-gastrin releasing peptide (ProGRP) (2009)

Yoshimura, Toru ; Fujita, Kenju ; Kinukawa, Hideki ; [et al.]

Berlin : Kooperation de Gruyter

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UID:

edochu_18452_13733

ISSN: 1437-4331 , 1437-4331

Content: Background: Pro-gastrin releasing peptide (ProGRP) concentrations in blood play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). The automated quantitative ARCHITECT® ProGRP assay was developed to aid in the differential diagnosis and in the management of SCLC. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the analytical performance of this chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay at multiple sites. Methods: ARCHITECT ProGRP measures ProGRP using a two-step sandwich using monoclonal anti-ProGRP antibodies coated on paramagnetic microparticles and labeled with acridinium. Analytical performance of the assay was evaluated at four sites: Abbott Japan, Denka Seiken, the Johns Hopkins University, and the University of Munich. Results: Total precision (%CV) for nine analyte concentrations was between 2.2 and 5.7. The analytical sensitivity of the assay was between 0.20 pg/mL and 0.88 pg/mL. The functional sensitivity at 20% CV was between 0.66 pg/mL and 1.73 pg/mL. The assay was linear up to 50,000 pg/mL using a 1:10 autodilution protocol. The calibration curve was stable for 30 days. Comparison with the Fujirebio microtiter plate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (EIA) ProGRP assay gave a slope of 0.93 and a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.99. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that the ARCHITECT ProGRP assay has excellent sensitivity, precision, and correlation to a reference method. This assay provides a convenient automated method for ProGRP measurement in serum and plasma in hospitals and clinical laboratories. Clin Chem Lab Med 2009;47:1557–63.

Content: Peer Reviewed

In: Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, : de Gruyter, 2009, 47,2009,12, Seiten 1557-1563, 1437-4331

Language: Undetermined

DOI: 10.1515/CCLM.2009.333

DOI: 10.18452/13081

URN: urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-100167580

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4

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Proteomics of exhaled breath: methodological nuances and pitfalls (2009)

Kurova, Viktoria S. ; Anaev, Eldar C. ; Kononikhin, Alexey S. ; [et al.]

Berlin : Kooperation de Gruyter

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UID:

edochu_18452_12769

ISSN: 1437-4331 , 1437-4331

Content: Background: The analysis of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) can be an alternative to traditional endoscopic sampling of lower respiratory tract secretions. This is a simple non-invasive method of diagnosing respiratory diseases, in particular, respiratory inflammatory processes. Methods: Samples were collected with a special device-condenser (ECoScreen, VIASYS Healthcare, Germany), then treated with trypsin according to the proteomics protocol for standard protein mixtures and analyzed by nanoflow high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) with a 7-Tesla Finnigan LTQ-FT mass spectrometer (Thermo Electron, Germany). Mascot software (Matrixscience) was used for screening the database NCBInr for proteins corresponding to the peptide maps that were obtained. Results: EBCs from 17 young healthy non-smoking donors were collected. Different methods for concentrating protein were compared in order to optimize EBC preparations for proteomic analysis. The procedure that was chosen allowed identification of proteins exhaled by healthy people. The major proteins in the condensates were cytoskeletal keratins. Another 12 proteins were identified in EBC from healthy non-smokers. Some keratins were found in the ambient air and may be considered exogenous components of exhaled air. Conclusions: Knowledge of the normal proteome of exhaled breath allows one to look for biomarkers of different disease states in EBC. Proteins in ambient air can be identified in the respiratory tract and should be excluded from the analysis of the proteome of EBC. The results obtained allowed us to choose the most effective procedure of sample preparation when working with samples containing very low protein concentrations. Clin Chem Lab Med 2009;47:706–12.

Content: Peer Reviewed

In: Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, : de Gruyter, 2009, 47,2009,6, Seiten 706-712, 1437-4331

Language: Undetermined

DOI: 10.1515/CCLM.2009.166

DOI: 10.18452/12117

URN: urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-100153681

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5

Article

Chicano Park. Bürgerinitiative, Graffiti-Kunst und Traumaverarbeitung.Geschichte und Bedeutung von Chicano Park in Barrio Logan, San Diego (Kalifornien, USA) (2007)

Falser, Michael S. ; Brandt, Sigrid

Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin

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UID:

edochu_18452_7730

Content: Chicano Park ist mit seinen über 70 öffentlich zugänglichen Freiluft-Wandmalereien und Skulpturen eine der beeindruckendsten Stätten sozialpolitisch und basisdemokratisch motivierter "Volkskunst" einer ethnischen Minderheit in den USA und stellt in seiner seit 1970 bis heute steten Weiterentwicklung und Pflege durch ansässige Gemeinde ein herausragendes Beispiel von "lebendigem Kulturerbe" dar. Es war das Ziel die herausragende Bedeutung des Parks durch die Überlagerung entwicklungs-, sozial- und kunstgeschichtlicher und kulturwissenschaftlich-psychologischer Perspektiven herauszuarbeiten. Dabei entwickelte sich Chicano Park im Medium der Kunst zu einer (in dieser Auswirkung allerdings singulär gebliebenen) Erfolgsgeschichte der mexikanisch-amerikanischen Bürgerrechtsbewegung. Die Gemeinde von Barrio Logan erstritt sich von der kampfbereiten Landbesetzung der Landfläche unter dem lebensraumbedrohlichen Brückenbauprojekt 1970 und der gemeinschaftlich ausgeführten malerischen Ausgestaltung bis heute zunehmend lokale, städtisch-administrative, universitärakademische bis national-mediale Anerkennung, bis der Park und seine Kunst sogar in das Kalifornische Denkmalregister aufgenommen wurde und bis heute sogar z. T. mit staatlichen Subventionen restauriert wird. Der Park ist aber auch ein bedeutender sozialpolitisch und kulturgeschichtlich hoch verdichteter Ort, an dem sich die mexikanisch-amerikanische Identität im Allgemeinen mit den ideologischen Geschichtskonstruktionen des sog. Chicano Movement der turbulenten 1970er Jahre im Speziellen verband. Genau an diesem Ort stabilisierte sich demnach auch symbolisch der Topos eines zu friedvoll zu Ende gekommenen "Dauer-Exodus", als sich die Parkgeschichte mit berechtigten zeitgenössischen Forderungen nach sozialer Gleichberechtigung einer ethnischen Minderheit und einem hochspekulativen Landanspruch aufgrund einer aztekischen Frühgeschichte im sagenumwobenen Land Aztlán überlagerte. Genau dieses ideologisch brisante Konstrukt bestimmte auch die künstlerische Ikonographie der Wandmalereien auf Straßen- und Brükkenauflagern von Chicano Park, in denen sich aztekische Götterwesen mit Schöpfungsszenen der kosmischen Rasse über Aztekenpyramiden, weltweit geltenden Lebenssymbolen, mexikanischen(-amerikanischen) Revolutionshelden und real-zeitgenössischen Szenen der Farmarbeitergewerkschaft, Frauenemanzipation und der Parkbesetzung selbst zu einem Chicano-Kosmos zusammen fanden. Dabei nahmen die Maler von Chicano Park auch stilistische eindeutig Bezug auf die künstlerischen Traditionen des aus Mexiko stammenden Muralismo, der als großformatige, öffentliche Volkserziehungskunst aus der Mexikanischen Revolution (1910-1921) hervorging, v. a. in den 1930er Jahren mit Künstlern wie Rivera und Siqueiros auch auf die USA ausstrahlte und Ende der 1960er Jahre sogar die Künstler des Black Power Movement beeinflusste. Letztlich kann Chicano Park aus psychologischer Sicht als Geschichte einer durch Kunstaktionen erfolgreichen Selbststabilisierung einer über Generationen bis heute durch Ausgrenzung, Rassismus und Stadtraumvernichtung (transgenerationell und kumulativ) traumatisierten Chicano-Gemeinde von San Diego gedeutet werden. Dass das mexikanisch-amerikanische "Ausgrenzungs"-Trauma mit Chicano Park allerdings nicht zu einem vorerst vorbildhaften Ende gekommen ist, wird in Angesicht des menschenverachtenden Grenzmauerbaus der USA zu seinem Nachbarn Mexiko und der sich zunehmend verschärfenden Immigrantenpolitik der Bush-Administration kaum zu übersehen sein.

In: 2007,2007,4, Seiten 2-

Language: German

DOI: 10.18452/7078

URN: urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-10082828

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6

Article

Takayasu’s arteritis in pregnancy: review of literature and discussion (2009)

Hauenstein, Evelyn ; Frank, Helga ; Bauer, Jan S. ; [et al.]

Berlin : Kooperation de Gruyter

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UID:

edochu_18452_11991

ISSN: 1619-3997 , 1619-3997

Content: Peer Reviewed

In: Journal of Perinatal Medicine, : de Gruyter, 2010, 38,2009,1, Seiten 55-62, 1619-3997

Language: Undetermined

DOI: 10.1515/JPM.2009.120

DOI: 10.18452/11339

URN: urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-100142105

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7

Article

The prognosis of pregnancy conceived despite the presence of an intrauterine device (IUD) (2009)

Kim, Sun Kwon ; Romero, Roberto ; Kusanovic, Juan Pedro ; [et al.]

Berlin : Kooperation de Gruyter

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UID:

edochu_18452_11993

ISSN: 1619-3997 , 1619-3997

Content: Objective: Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are used for contraception worldwide; however, the management of pregnancies with an IUD poses a clinical challenge. The purpose of this study was to determine the outcome of pregnancy in patients with an IUD. Study design: A retrospective cohort study (December 1997–June 2007) was conducted. The cohort consisted of 12,297 pregnancies, of which 196 had an IUD. Only singleton pregnancies were included. Logistic regression analysis was used to adjust for potential confounders between the groups. Results: 1) Pregnancies with an IUD were associated with a higher rate of late miscarriage, preterm delivery, vaginal bleeding, clinical chorioamnionitis, and placental abruption than those without an IUD; 2) among patients with available histologic examination of the placenta, the rate of histologic chorioamnionitis and/or funisitis was higher in patients with an IUD than in those without an IUD (54.2% vs. 14.7%; P<0.001). Similarly, among patients who underwent an amniocentesis, the prevalence of microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity (MIAC) was also higher in pregnant women with an IUD than in those without an IUD (45.9% vs. 8.8%; P<0.001); and 3) intra-amniotic infection caused by Candida species was more frequently present in pregnancies with an IUD than in those without an IUD (31.1% vs. 6.3%; P<0.001). Conclusion: Pregnant women with an IUD are at a very high risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes. This finding can be attributed, at least in part, to the high prevalence of intra-amniotic infection and placental inflammatory lesions observed in pregnancies with an IUD.

Content: Peer Reviewed

In: Journal of Perinatal Medicine, : de Gruyter, 2010, 38,2009,1, Seiten 45-53, 1619-3997

Language: Undetermined

DOI: 10.1515/JPM.2009.133

DOI: 10.18452/11341

URN: urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-100142127

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8

Article

Inappropriate use of vancomycin for preventing perinatal group B streptococcal (GBS) disease in laboring patients (2009)

Peláez, Linda M. ; Gelber, Shari E. ; Fox, Nathan S. ; [et al.]

Berlin : Kooperation de Gruyter

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UID:

edochu_18452_13212

ISSN: 1619-3997 , 1619-3997

Content: Objective: The 2002 CDC guidelines for the prevention of perinatal group B streptococcus (GBS) stipulate that vancomycin is reserved for penicillin-allergic women at high risk for beta-lactam anaphylaxis with resistance to clindamycin or erythromycin. Our objective was to evaluate practitioner adherence to these guidelines. Methods: This is a retrospective chart review of patients admitted to labor and delivery who received vancomycin for GBS prophylaxis from January 1st, 2005 to June 1st, 2007. Identification and documentation of allergic reactions to beta lactams and performance of GBS sensitivities at the time of screening were recorded. Results: Eighty-seven patients reporting a penicillin allergy received vancomycin during labor. In 71 patients screened at 35–37 weeks, sensitivities were not performed for 55 patients, of which 10 reported an anaphylactic-like reaction to penicillin. Of 15 patients who had sensitivities performed at the time of screening and were resistant to clindamycin and/or erythromycin, only two patients, however, described an anaphylactic-like reaction to penicillin. Fourteen patients received vancomycin due to an unknown GBS status at <35 weeks of gestation and only three patients from this group reported an anaphylactic-like reaction to penicillin. There were deviations from the CDC protocol in 82 (94%) of 87 patients who received intrapartum vancomycin there were deviations in the CDC protocol. Conclusion: Most patients receiving intrapartum vancomycin for perinatal GBS prophylaxis either did not have a culture with sensitivities performed at the time of GBS screening due to a history of anaphylactic-like reactions to penicillin or received vancomycin for a mild or unknown allergy. Physician adherence to the CDC guidelines with regards to the use of vancomycin is far from optimal.

Content: Peer Reviewed

In: Journal of Perinatal Medicine, : de Gruyter, 2009, 37,2009,5, Seiten 487-489, 1619-3997

Language: Undetermined

DOI: 10.1515/JPM.2009.090

DOI: 10.18452/12560

URN: urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-100160524

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9

Article

Low circulating maternal adiponectin in patients with pyelonephritis: adiponectin at the crossroads of pregnancy and infection (2009)

Vaisbuch, Edi ; Chaiworapongsa, Tinnakorn ; Erez, Offer ; [et al.]

Berlin : Kooperation de Gruyter

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UID:

edochu_18452_11994

ISSN: 1619-3997 , 1619-3997

Content: Objective: An emerging theme in modern biology is that adipose tissue can respond to metabolic stress, and to inflammatory stimuli, by regulating the secretion of a complex network of soluble mediators, termed adipokines. Adiponectin, the most prevalent circulating adipokine in human, has profound insulin-sensitizing and anti-inflammatory properties. Indeed, the notion that adiponectin plays an important role in the interactions between the metabolic and the immune systems has been strongly suggested. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine if pyelonephritis during pregnancy is associated with changes in maternal serum adiponectin concentrations. Study design: This cross-sectional study included women in the following groups: 1) normal pregnant women (n=200); and 2) pregnant women with pyelonephritis (n=50). Maternal plasma adiponectin concentrations were determined by ELISA. Non-parametric statistics were used for analyses. Results: 1) The median maternal plasma adiponectin concentration was lower in patients with pyelonephritis than in those with a normal pregnancy (P<0.001); 2) among pregnant women with a normal weight, patients with pyelonephritis had a lower median plasma adiponectin concentration than those with a normal pregnancy (P<0.001); 3) similarly, among overweight/obese patients, those with pyelonephritis had a lower median plasma adiponectin concentration than those with a normal pregnancy (P<0.001); and 4) the presence of pyelonephritis was independently associated with maternal plasma adiponectin concentrations after adjustment for maternal age, smoking, gestational age at sampling, and pregestational body mass index (BMI). Conclusion: 1) The findings that acute pyelonephritis in pregnancy is characterized by low maternal plasma concentrations of adiponectin in both lean and overweight/obese patients are novel and concur with the antiinflammatory properties of adiponectin; and 2) the results of this study support the notion that adiponectin may play a role in the intricate interface between inflammation and metabolism during pregnancy.

Content: Peer Reviewed

In: Journal of Perinatal Medicine, : de Gruyter, 2010, 38,2009,1, Seiten 9-17, 1619-3997

Language: Undetermined

DOI: 10.1515/JPM.2009.134

DOI: 10.18452/11342

URN: urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-100142136

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10

Article

Maternal serum adiponectin multimers in gestational diabetes (2009)

Vaisbuch, Edi ; Erez, Offer ; Mittal, Pooja ; [et al.]

Berlin : Kooperation de Gruyter

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UID:

edochu_18452_12049

ISSN: 1619-3997 , 1619-3997

Content: Objective: Adiponectin, an adipokine with profound insulin-sensitizing effect, consists of heterogeneous species of multimers. These oligomeric complexes circulate as low-molecular-weight (LMW) trimers, medium-molecular-weight (MMW) hexamers and high-molecular-weight (HMW) isoforms and can exert differential biological effects. The aims of this study were to determine whether there is a change in circulating adiponectin multimers in the presence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), overweight/obesity or with a treatment with sulfonylurea or insulin in patients with GDM. Study design: This cross-sectional study included women with: 1) normal pregnancy (n=149); and 2) patients with GDM (n=72). Thirty-three patients with GDM were managed with diet alone. Among the others 39 diabetic patients, 17 were treated with Glyburide and 22 with insulin. The study population was further stratified by first trimester body mass index (BMI) (normal weight <25 kg/m2 vs. overweight/obese ≥25 kg/m2). Serum adiponectin multimers (total, HMW, MMW and LMW) concentrations were determined by ELISA. Results: 1) The median maternal serum of total, HMW, MMW and LMW were lower in patients with GDM than in those with normal pregnancies (P<0.001 for all comparisons); 2) patients with GDM had a lower HMW/total adiponectin ratio and a higher MMW/total and LMW/total adiponectin ratio than those with a normal pregnancy (P<0.001 for all comparisons); and 3) among GDM patients, there were no differences in the concentrations and relative distribution of adiponectin multimers between those who were managed with diet, and those who were treated with pharmacological agents. Conclusion: 1) GDM is characterized by a distinctive pattern of concentrations and relative distribution of adiponectin multimers akin to Type 2 diabetes mellitus; 2) dysregulation of adiponectin multimeres can provide a mechanistic basis for the association between adiposity and GDM.

Content: Peer Reviewed

In: Journal of Perinatal Medicine, : de Gruyter, 2009, 37,2009,6, Seiten 637-650, 1619-3997

Language: Undetermined

DOI: 10.1515/JPM.2009.101

DOI: 10.18452/11397

URN: urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-100142878

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