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  • 2010-2014  (11)
  • Comparative Studies. Non-European Languages/Literatures  (11)
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  • 2010-2014  (11)
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Subjects(RVK)
  • Comparative Studies. Non-European Languages/Literatures  (11)
RVK
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Towed hydrophone surveys for monitoring trends in the abundance and distribution of the critically endangered Gulf of California porpoise, Vaquita
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2011
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 130, No. 4_Supplement ( 2011-10-01), p. 2420-2420
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 130, No. 4_Supplement ( 2011-10-01), p. 2420-2420
    Abstract: The vaquita (Phocoena sinus) is a critically endangered small cetacean found only in the upper Gulf of California, where fisheries bycatch remains an acute threat. Cost, shallow heavily fished areas, and the vaquitas extreme avoidance of noisy motorized vessels argue against using large vessels typically used for visual line transect surveys. Towed hydrophone surveys, using RainbowClick semi-automatic detection software, were carried out from a 24' sailing trimaran in autumn 2008. Ultrasonic (∼130 kHz) vaquita echolocation clicks were reliably detected and tracked using classification parameters developed for harbor porpoise. Transects were sailed on 49% of days and 31 groups were detected within the vaquitas known range and in areas not easily surveyed using traditional methods. Although very high levels of ambient noise presented challenges for acoustic monitoring, perpendicular distances were calculated to 30 groups giving an estimated strip half-width of 198 m. The detection algorithm has since been implemented in PAMGUARD software and significantly improved using survey data. Shallow, heavily fished areas remain difficult for estimating and monitoring trends in abundance. Towed arrays proved effective for the former and may remain the only alternative for the latter. Precision is likely to remain low for the quick detection of small rates of increase.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.3654693
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Monitoring a small marine cetacean population using passive acoustic techniques: Vaquita, a critically endangered species
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2011
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 130, No. 4_Supplement ( 2011-10-01), p. 2419-2419
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 130, No. 4_Supplement ( 2011-10-01), p. 2419-2419
    Abstract: In 2008, vaquita population was estimated in only 245 individuals. Between 1997 and 2007, a passive acoustic semi-autonomous system was used for monitoring detection rate of this species. The analysis resulted in decline of approximately 58%. Sighting and acoustic data from a 2008 research cruise, compared to the 1997 estimate of abundance, resulted in a decline of approximately 57%. Hence, passive acoustic detection probed reliable to monitor the population. The Mexican Government implemented a recovery plan, which includes monitoring population trends. At current level, the population can grow at maximum rates lower than 4% annually. The severely reduced population level, and scarcity of acoustic detections, made unreliable to continue the use of the methods applied till 2007. An increase of sampling effort was identified as the key to implement a reliable system, only achievable using completely autonomous detectors. Field test of autonomous detectors identified C-POD as very reliable. Using data collected with this equipment it was determined that an annual effort of 5000 C-POD days is needed to detect population increase. A sampling grid of 62 stations was designed. Work to design and test reliable mooring devices was done. Currently, the first of five years of sampling has started.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.3654691
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Meeting the classroom acoustics standard on a historical room
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2014
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 135, No. 4_Supplement ( 2014-04-01), p. 2399-2399
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 135, No. 4_Supplement ( 2014-04-01), p. 2399-2399
    Abstract: The Department of Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences at University of Minnesota occupies Shevlin Hall built in 1906. We were called in 2013 to help with the acoustic and sound system redesign of room 110 to be used as a classroom, as the room had very poor speech intelligibility due to the very high ceiling and hard walls, resulting in a very reverberant environment. Our goal was to meet the current classroom acoustics standard ANSI S12.60. Reverberation time and noise measurements were performed, and the room was modeled using EASE for the prediction of results. The model was compared with measurements, and several alternatives were explored. After the changes were implemented, measurements confirmed the improvement to the room's intelligibility was acquired and the historic character of the room was preserved.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.4877941
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Put your sound where it belongs: Numerical optimization of sound systems
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2013
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 134, No. 5_Supplement ( 2013-11-01), p. 3998-3998
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 134, No. 5_Supplement ( 2013-11-01), p. 3998-3998
    Abstract: A new technology based on FIR filters in combination with room acoustic modeling allows optimizing steerable columns and line arrays to each specific venue in a matter of seconds. Both maximum SPL and maximum sound field uniformity can be prioritized to obtain an ideal sound distribution without losing sound pressure in the wrong directions thus avoiding unwanted reflections. Areas can also be excluded to minimize sound (i.e., stage area). Real-life test results support the theory.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.4830584
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Fields everywhere.
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2010
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 128, No. 4_Supplement ( 2010-10-01), p. 2446-2446
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 128, No. 4_Supplement ( 2010-10-01), p. 2446-2446
    Abstract: This proposed project aims to define science education as architects might define science education. There are values associated with points in space, those values can be mapped to generate a field, and those fields can have meaning. These values might be light levels, wind speeds, carpet pile heights, or sound pressure levels; when mapped, values might tell of a shadow, an approaching cold front, the former location of a piece of furniture on a carpet, or sound propagation. By allowing for a spatial and immersive science museum exhibit dedicated to sound propagation, frequency, and localization, this project aims to make plain the invisible nature of sound. Authenticity of phenomena is important to this endeavor. The points in space envisioned are not mathematical representations on a Cartesian grid, but real points in real space among and in between the museum visitors. Indeed, nothing in the proposed exhibit is simulated at all: patrons can experience the speed, propagation, frequency, and localization of sound in real time and real space. It is hoped that moving beyond the normative regime of kiosks simulating phenomena, and into a realm that is spatial, museum goers can better take ownership of the scientific content.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.3508749
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    What do teachers think about noise in the classroom?
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2014
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 135, No. 4_Supplement ( 2014-04-01), p. 2379-2379
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 135, No. 4_Supplement ( 2014-04-01), p. 2379-2379
    Abstract: Surveys were sent to 396 Orlando-area elementary school teachers to gauge their subjective evaluation of noise in their classroom, and their general attitudes toward classroom noise. The 87 responses were correlated with the types of mechanical systems in their respective schools: (1) fan and compressor in room, (2) fan in room and remote compressor, or (3) remote fan and remote compressor. Results were also compared to the results of a previous study of the same 73 schools that linked school mechanical system type with student achievement. While teachers were more likely to be annoyed by noise in the schools with the noisiest types of mechanical systems, they were still less likely to be annoyed than the research might suggest—and when teachers did express annoyance, it was more likely to be centered around the kind of distracting noise generated by other children in adjacent corridors than by mechanical system noise.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.4877855
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The link between cooling mechanical system type and student achievement in elementary schools
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2012
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 132, No. 3_Supplement ( 2012-09-01), p. 2072-2072
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 132, No. 3_Supplement ( 2012-09-01), p. 2072-2072
    Abstract: In aggregate, air-conditioning systems are the largest contributors to classroom noise, and some types of air-conditioning systems are noisier than other types. The impact of noise in human performance has been widely studied and found to be stronger in children. A study of 73 elementary schools in a single Orlando, Florida school district sought to relate mechanical cooling system type with student achievement. It found that for schools populated with students of similar socio-economic background, schools cooling with the noisiest types of mechanical system underperformed on student achievement tests relative to those with quieter types of systems. It also found that schools with the poorest students were more likely to cool their classrooms with noisier systems.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.4755638
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Statistical design for acoustic monitoring to detect declines of endangered species and prevent extinction
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2011
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 130, No. 4_Supplement ( 2011-10-01), p. 2420-2420
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 130, No. 4_Supplement ( 2011-10-01), p. 2420-2420
    Abstract: As populations become smaller and more endangered, the ability to monitor trends in their abundance also decreases. For vocal species, passive acoustic monitoring can provide a powerful, cost-effective method of monitoring relative abundance. However, the monitoring effort should be based on a statistical design that can detect population declines in time to prevent extinction. This is illustrated with an example of the vaquita (Phocoena sinus) an endangered porpoise in the northern Gulf of California, Mexico. A pilot project showed that porpoise detectors (C-PODs) recorded echo-location clicks from approximately one group of porpoises every two days. Based on this, we estimate that 5000 days of C-POD monitoring per year would be needed to obtain a measure of relative vaquita abundance with a coefficient of variation (CV) of 3%. A power analysis shows that five years of monitoring with this CV would give a high probability of detecting a 5% annual increase or decrease in population size. Visual sighting methods could not detect such small changes with any conceivable level of survey effort. This kind of innovative monitoring is a critical tool in the continuing evaluation of conservation measures.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.3654692
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The teachers perspective on noise in the classroom
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2013
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 133, No. 5_Supplement ( 2013-05-01), p. 3552-3552
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 133, No. 5_Supplement ( 2013-05-01), p. 3552-3552
    Abstract: A survey was sent to third grade teachers in Orange County, FL, to find out about their noise awareness and coping strategies. Results of the survey were also correlated to mechanical system type and achievement data. Preliminary analyses show very little awareness on mechanical noise by teachers but a good range of coping strategies when noise sources are present (mostly activity noise). The survey also helped to better understand the classroom environment. For example, most classrooms have a frequent use of computers or projectors and a few schools are still open-plan. These facts create new questions about noise in the classroom that need to be addressed in further studies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.4806450
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Linking HVAC type and student achievement
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2012
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 131, No. 4_Supplement ( 2012-04-01), p. 3282-3282
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 131, No. 4_Supplement ( 2012-04-01), p. 3282-3282
    Abstract: Research has long-linked HVAC system type to room noise levels, and it has long-linked room noise levels to student learning. Uninformed design decisions and the absence of policy combine with ineffective execution and insufficient enforcement to produce noisy mechanical systems for schools. Some school HVAC systems place both fans and compressors in the classroom itself, as part of DX units; others utilize remote compressors as part of chillers, but in-room fan motors as part of fan coil units; still other systems use remote AHUs and remote chillers so that neither compressor nor fan motor is exposed to the classroom. This pilot study intends to search for a broader link between HVAC system type and student achievement exams in elementary schools.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.4708269
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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