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  • MPI Bildungsforschung  (9)
  • Kammergericht
  • HNE Eberswalde
  • 2015-2019  (9)
  • de la Torre, Augusto  (9)
  • 1
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048270811
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (1 Seiten)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Content: There are three stakeholders in a public-private partnership (PPP), (a) the government in office, (b) private firms (financial and non-financial) and investors (individual and institutional), and (c) final beneficiaries (taxpayers or users, present and future). The raison detre of PPPs is threefold: (i) to crowd in private firms and investors into projects that they will otherwise not undertake; (ii) to transfer to the private sector a significant part of the risks and costs that the government would otherwise fully absorb; and (iii) to ensure that the projects efficiency/quality is at least equal to that obtained if the government alone carried all costs and risks. Important (yet often ignored) implications follow. First, outsourcing (e.g., construction and maintenance) to the private sector does not by itself constitute a PPP if all risks and costs are, in one way or another, still borne by the government. Second, a PPP does not reduce total risk; it simply distributes it differently, involving private sector firms and investors. Third, the total costs borne by the final beneficiaries would be lower under a PPP (compared to a project whose costs and risks rest completely in the governments balance sheet) only if the PPP achieves efficiency gains; otherwise, what beneficiaries save in taxes they will pay in user fees, although, under a PPP, more of the costs would be assigned to direct beneficiaries/users, than to taxpayers at large. Fourth, that a PPP can provide (cash) budget relief may be a welcome corollary for the government in office but it is not a core objective of a PPP
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 2
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048267782
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Latin America and Caribbean Semiannual Report
    Content: This report, produced by the Office of the Chief Economist for Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) of the World Bank, examines LAC's challenges as the global economy settles to an equilibrium with lower growth and lower commodity prices. Chapter 1 gives an overview of the world economy and how it affects LAC's short and medium-term prospects. It argues that LAC suffered an external shock that shaped growth in recent years, and that the current global context is likely here to stay. Many LAC countries experienced significant depreciations which in principle should help adjust to the new equilibrium. The extent to which these depreciations facilitate a soft landing, however, depends on a number of factors. Chapter 2 explores the response of LAC's trade to the recent depreciations and the role it could play in facilitating a recovery. It examines if there are early signs of an export recovery and whether the region's increased dependence on commodity exports could hinder LAC's recovery
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048269765
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (63 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Content: Latin America's historically low saving rates and sub-par growth performance raise the question of whether the region should save more to grow faster. Economists generally resist acknowledging a policy-exploitable causal connection going from saving to growth because domestic saving is perceived to be fully endogenous, optimally determined, or fully substitutable by foreign saving. However, to the extent that these three assumptions do not hold, three channels can be established through which higher domestic saving-by curbing persistent current account deficits-can promote medium-term growth. The channels are first, a real interest rate channel, whereby higher saving reduces the cost of capital and enhances macro sustainability; second, a real exchange rate channel, through which higher saving leads to a more competitive real exchange rate; and third, an endogenous saving channel, whereby saving follows growth and, hence, subsequently compounds the effect of the first two channels. Econometric evidence supports all three channels and suggests that the lower-saving countries in Latin America and the Caribbean, especially those with recurrently weak balance of payments and persistent domestic demand pressures on the non-tradable sector, would benefit the most from boosting their saving rates
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe de la Torre, Augusto Should Latin America Save More to Grow Faster? Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2015
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 4
    UID:
    gbv_165705232X
    Format: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (256 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg.
    ISBN: 9781464803567
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Content: Este reporte explora la restructuracion de la economia global ocasionada por el ascenso del Sur y destaca la transformacion en los patrones de integracion global de ALC y las consecuencias de esta transformacion en la dinamica del desarrollo de la region. En particular, se analiza de forma sistematica los aspectos concernientes al comercio y las finanzas internacionales, la macroeconomia y el mercado laboral latinoamericano
    Note: Description based on print version record
    Additional Edition: ISBN 9781464804311
    Additional Edition: Druckausg. ISBN 978-1-4648-0431-1
    Language: Spanish
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 5
    UID:
    gbv_1657050939
    Format: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (73 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg.
    Series Statement: LAC Semiannual Report
    Content: The April 2015 LAC Semiannual Report covers the short-term prospects and provides an analysis of the external factors affecting the region's economic performance. The first chapter expands on LAC's economic outlook paying special attention to the global context and its effect on LAC's economic performance. In this first Chapter we argue that the region experienced an external shock that has shaped growth in recent years, and that this shock is likely here to stay. Chapter 2 discusses the policy space available for LAC countries as they try to accommodate to the current global context. In particular, the first part of the second Chapter discusses the rather limited monetary fiscal and monetary space currently present in the region. The second part of the Chapter argues part of this limited policy space is associated to LAC's relatively low savings rate. Moreover, the Chapter shows that in addition to the potential positive effects that higher savings could have on policy space, it could also have a beneficial effect on long-term growth
    Note: Description based on print version record
    Additional Edition: ISBN 9781464806094
    Additional Edition: Druckausg. ISBN 978-1-4648-0609-4
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 6
    UID:
    gbv_1657049833
    Format: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (248 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg.
    ISBN: 9781464803567
    Series Statement: Latin America and Caribbean Studies
    Content: The world economy is not what it used to be twenty years ago. For most of the 20th century, the world economy was characterized by developed (North) countries acting as 'center' to a 'periphery' of developing (South) countries. However, the recent rise of developing economies suggests the need to go beyond this North-South dichotomy. This tectonic re-configuration of the global landscape has brought about significant changes to countries in the Latin America and Caribean (LAC) region. The time is ripe for an in-depth analysis of the dynamics and nature of LAC's external connections.This latest volume in the World Bank Latin American and Caribbean Studies series will focus on the implications of these trends for the economic development of LAC countries. In particular, trade, financial, macroeconomic, and sectoral shifts, as well as labor-market aspects will be systematically analyzed
    Note: Description based on print version record
    Additional Edition: ISBN 9781464803550
    Additional Edition: Druckausg. Latin America and the rising South Washington, DC : World Bank Group, 2015 ISBN 9781464803550
    Additional Edition: ISBN 9781464803567
    Language: English
    Subjects: Economics
    RVK:
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 7
    UID:
    gbv_1657050068
    Format: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (73 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg.
    ISBN: 9781464804298
    Series Statement: Latin American and Caribbean Semiannual Report
    Content: As usual in this series, Chapter 1 reviews the configuration of global risks and assesses the outstanding short term opportunities and challenges facing the LAC region. We document the significant slowdown in economic activity across the region, and explore the possibility of this being the 'new normal'. In Chapter 2 we assess if the major social gains achieved during the 'Golden Decade', in particular the decline in inequality, will hold in this less supportive environment, and discuss alternative policy responses to preserve and further the equity gains in the region
    Note: Description based on print version record
    Additional Edition: ISBN 9781464804298
    Additional Edition: Druckausg. ISBN 978-1-4648-0429-8
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 8
    UID:
    gbv_1657051528
    Format: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (58 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg.
    Series Statement: LAC Semiannual Report
    Content: This semiannual report produced by the Office of the Chief Economist for Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) of the World Bank - analyzes the economic and financial performance of LAC in light of the commodity price cycle. Chapter 1 covers short-term prospects, identifies the external factors affecting the economic slowdown, and focuses on the policy challenges faced by the region (South America in particular) in terms of the monetary, fiscal, external and social adjustments required to accommodate the new external environment. Chapter 2 reviews the region's experience during the commodity cycle, links it with the external environment, and identifies low saving as a key determinant of both the macroeconomic performance during the cycle and the constrained policy space policy makers now face, in some countries more than others. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the policy choices the region now faces, both for the immediate future and for the longer run
    Note: Description based on print version record
    Additional Edition: ISBN 9781464809149
    Additional Edition: Druckausg. ISBN 978-1-4648-0914-9
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 9
    UID:
    gbv_1657050947
    Format: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (73 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg.
    Series Statement: LAC Semiannual Report
    Content: As usual, Chapter 1 of the report covers the short-term prospects and provides an analysis of the external factors affecting the region's economic slowdown. The focus is on the adjustment challenges faced by those Latin American countries experiencing a major adverse terms of trade shock, which comes after an unprecedented (in magnitude and duration) period of terms of trade bonanza. Chapter 2 discusses the key topic of this semiannual report, that is, the implications of the slowdown for labor markets - on jobs and wages. We describe the broad labor market trends observed during the boom and contrast them with the patterns observed during the slowdown. We also describe the implications of the slowdown for inequality. A corollary of the observed labor market patterns during the slowdown is that some of the gains towards greater income equality achieved in the past decade or so may be reversed, at least in part, and that we may see a divergence between labor income inequality and household income inequality, whereby the latter may rise more than the former
    Note: Description based on print version record
    Additional Edition: ISBN 9781464807329
    Additional Edition: Druckausg. ISBN 978-1-4648-0732-9
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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