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  • AIP Publishing  (8)
  • 1955-1959  (8)
Medientyp
Verlag/Herausgeber
  • AIP Publishing  (8)
Sprache
Erscheinungszeitraum
  • 1955-1959  (8)
Jahr
  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    AIP Publishing ; 1956
    In:  Review of Scientific Instruments Vol. 27, No. 5 ( 1956-05-01), p. 269-270
    In: Review of Scientific Instruments, AIP Publishing, Vol. 27, No. 5 ( 1956-05-01), p. 269-270
    Kurzfassung: The response function of NaI(Tl) scintillation detectors for gamma radiation has been calculated by the Monte Carlo method. Summary results of this calculation are presented in terms of the photofraction, i.e., the ratio of the area under the photopeak to the total area of a scintillation spectrum. Values of the photofraction are given for collimated monoenergetic radiation with energies between 0.279 and 4.45 Mev incident centrally on the endface of cylindrical crystals ranging in size from 0.25 in. (radius)×0.5 in. (length) to 2.5×9 in.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0034-6748 , 1089-7623
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: AIP Publishing
    Publikationsdatum: 1956
    ZDB Id: 209865-9
    ZDB Id: 1472905-2
    SSG: 11
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    AIP Publishing ; 1957
    In:  The Journal of Chemical Physics Vol. 27, No. 1 ( 1957-07-01), p. 230-234
    In: The Journal of Chemical Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 27, No. 1 ( 1957-07-01), p. 230-234
    Kurzfassung: Certain fast chemical reactions involving both paramagnetic and diamagnetic molecular species are termed ``paramagnetic pulse'' reactions when each reaction event results in a change in a large hyperfine magnetic field acting at one or more of the molecular nuclei. The frequency distribution of the magnetic pulses is directly related to the reaction rate. The hyperfine intensity and frequency distribution of the paramagnetic pulses affects the nuclear resonance (NMR) line shapes. The Bloch equations are used to establish a quantitative relation between nuclear resonance line shape, nuclear, and electron relaxation times, and the reaction rate. The theory is discussed in terms of the Cu63 NMR work of McConnell and Weaver on electron exchange between Cu++ and Cu+ ions in hydrochloric acid solutions, and the H1 NMR work of Bruce, Norberg, and Weissman on the electron exchange between neutral and positive ion molecules of N,N′-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0021-9606 , 1089-7690
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: AIP Publishing
    Publikationsdatum: 1957
    ZDB Id: 3113-6
    ZDB Id: 1473050-9
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  • 3
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    AIP Publishing ; 1958
    In:  The Physics of Fluids Vol. 1, No. 4 ( 1958-07-01), p. 297-300
    In: The Physics of Fluids, AIP Publishing, Vol. 1, No. 4 ( 1958-07-01), p. 297-300
    Kurzfassung: A method which is used for the ionization and heating of helium plasmas in various stellarator models consists of inducing an approximately constant electric field along the main axial confining magnetic field. In this paper we present the details and results of various calculations pertaining to this method. The gas is assumed initially to be 10% ionized and at a temperature of a few electron volts. The major approximations on which the calculations are based are (1) Maxwellian velocity distributions for the particles and (2) negligible charged particle loss across the confining magnetic field. The equations for the power balance and number balance were integrated in time numerically for a variety of initial conditions. The results indicate that temperatures of a few hundred electron volts are attainable within milliseconds with an applied field of the order 0.1 volt per cm at densities of 3 × 1013 particles per cm3. It was found that the maximum temperature is limited by power loss in bremsstrahlung radiation.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0031-9171
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: AIP Publishing
    Publikationsdatum: 1958
    ZDB Id: 1472743-2
    ZDB Id: 241528-8
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  • 4
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    AIP Publishing ; 1958
    In:  The Physics of Fluids Vol. 1, No. 4 ( 1958-07-01), p. 301-307
    In: The Physics of Fluids, AIP Publishing, Vol. 1, No. 4 ( 1958-07-01), p. 301-307
    Kurzfassung: There are two ways of heating a plasma confined by a strong axial magnetic field. In the first of these the electric field is parallel to the magnetic field, the situation that obtains in ohmic heating. In the second of these, the electric field is perpendicular to the main axial magnetic field. In this paper we consider the second case only and consider the electric field to be produced by an externally imposed oscillation of the axial field. This method of heating is often called magnetic pumping. It is found that as far as the heating of the plasma is concerned, there are four characteristic times which play a fundamental role. These four times are: (1) the collision time, (2) the period of the oscillating field, (3) the time of transit of a typical ion through the heating region, and (4) the cyclotron period of an ion. If these four characteristic times are all of comparable order, the theoretical analysis is exceedingly complex. Therefore, four cases were considered in which these were taken to be of different orders. The heating mechanism differs in each of these four cases since the period of the externally produced electric field is chosen to be comparable to one of the characteristic times in the analysis. In each of the four cases configurations were found which led theoretically, at least, to efficient heating of the plasma. In those cases where the energy imparted to the plasma appears in the form of wave motion, the subsequent damping of these waves is discussed.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0031-9171
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: AIP Publishing
    Publikationsdatum: 1958
    ZDB Id: 1472743-2
    ZDB Id: 241528-8
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  • 5
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    AIP Publishing ; 1955
    In:  The Journal of Chemical Physics Vol. 23, No. 7 ( 1955-07-01), p. 1340-1343
    In: The Journal of Chemical Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 23, No. 7 ( 1955-07-01), p. 1340-1343
    Kurzfassung: Vapor pressure composition data for liquid ozone-oxygen mixtures were obtained at —195.5°, —183°, and —180°C. The vapor pressure isotherms were used to construct the boiling point-composition line at one-atmos pressure. The vapor pressure of pure liquid ozone defines an upper limit for the partial pressure of ozone in the vapor in equilibrium with boiling liquid. The vapor pressure of ozone-oxygen solutions deviates markedly from Raoult's law in a positive direction. It is suggested that the apparent boiling point maximum reported by Schumacher, which implies negative deviations, may be due to difficulties in analysis of ozone at high concentrations where it is subject to decomposition at ordinary temperatures. Liquid-liquid equilibrium data are reported which indicate —180°C as an upper bound for the consolute temperature. The region of two liquid phases extends from 9 to 91 percent ozone by weight at —195.5°C, 29.8 to 72.4 percent at —183°.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0021-9606 , 1089-7690
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: AIP Publishing
    Publikationsdatum: 1955
    ZDB Id: 3113-6
    ZDB Id: 1473050-9
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  • 6
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    AIP Publishing ; 1955
    In:  Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 26, No. 12 ( 1955-12-01), p. 1504-1507
    In: Journal of Applied Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 26, No. 12 ( 1955-12-01), p. 1504-1507
    Kurzfassung: A method is given for calculating, within the framework of the moment-method of Spencer and Fano, the angular distribution of radiation from a plane isotropic source. Essential use is made of the simplification introduced by a geometrical feature of radiation from such a source. Sample calculations are presented for a 1-Mev source in water.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0021-8979 , 1089-7550
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: AIP Publishing
    Publikationsdatum: 1955
    ZDB Id: 220641-9
    ZDB Id: 3112-4
    ZDB Id: 1476463-5
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  • 7
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    AIP Publishing ; 1955
    In:  The Journal of Chemical Physics Vol. 23, No. 1 ( 1955-01-01), p. 103-108
    In: The Journal of Chemical Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 23, No. 1 ( 1955-01-01), p. 103-108
    Kurzfassung: The data needed for analysis of liquid ozone-oxygen mixtures by measurement of magnetic susceptibility are presented. Volumetric preparation of liquid ozone-oxygen mixtures in equilibrium with the vapor phase is described. A permanent magnet at the temperature of the solutions provided the key for use of the Quincke (U-tube) method for magnetic susceptibility. Results at — 195° and — 183°C show a linear relation between the magnetic susceptibility of the solutions and weight percent oxygen at low oxygen content. Above about 10 percent oxygen the specific susceptibility of oxygen in solution decreases significantly. At — 183°C, the ratio X8/X0 of specific susceptibility of oxygen in solution to that of pure liquid oxygen decreased from 1.30 at low concentrations to 1.13 at 27.6 percent oxygen, the two-liquid phase boundary. The limiting ratio at — 195°C was 1.42. The discontinuity in magnetic susceptibility was used to establish the compositions at the phase boundaries; 9.2 and 91 percent by weight oxygen at — 195°C, 27.6 and 70.2 percent at — 183°C.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0021-9606 , 1089-7690
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: AIP Publishing
    Publikationsdatum: 1955
    ZDB Id: 3113-6
    ZDB Id: 1473050-9
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  • 8
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    AIP Publishing ; 1957
    In:  Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 28, No. 12 ( 1957-12-01), p. 1502-1508
    In: Journal of Applied Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 28, No. 12 ( 1957-12-01), p. 1502-1508
    Kurzfassung: A Monte Carlo calculation was made of the energy dissipation by gamma radiation in a medium with the scattering properties of water which consists of two semi-infinite regions, one of which is much denser than the other. The calculations are for a 1.28-Mev point-isotropic source at or near the boundary plane separating the two regions. The results are presented in terms of boundary correction factors which express the change of energy dissipation compared to that prevailing at the same location in a medium of uniform density. The analysis of the results leads to the conclusion that the boundary effect is rather insensitive to the atomic number of the medium, and is mainly a function of the density change. The Monte Carlo results are in good agreement with an experiment of Soole on the propagation of radiation in the air above the ground, and an experiment by Titus on the dose distribution in iron.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0021-8979 , 1089-7550
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: AIP Publishing
    Publikationsdatum: 1957
    ZDB Id: 220641-9
    ZDB Id: 3112-4
    ZDB Id: 1476463-5
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