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  • Wiley  (20)
  • 2015-2019  (20)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Resilience in ecotoxicology: Toward a multiple equilibrium concept
    Wiley ; 2017
    In:  Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry Vol. 36, No. 10 ( 2017-10), p. 2574-2580
    Details
    In: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Wiley, Vol. 36, No. 10 ( 2017-10), p. 2574-2580
    Abstract: The term resilience describes stress–response patterns across scientific disciplines. In ecology, advances have been made to clearly define resilience based on underlying mechanistic assumptions. Engineering resilience (rebound) is used to describe the ability of organisms to recover from adverse conditions (disturbances), which is termed the rate of recovery. By contrast, the ecological resilience definition considers a systemic change, that is, when ecosystems reorganize into a new regime following disturbance. Under this new regime, structural and functional aspects change considerably relative to the previous regime, without recovery. In this context, resilience is an emergent property of complex systems. In the present study, we argue that both definitions and uses are appropriate in ecotoxicology, and although the differences are subtle, the implications and uses are profoundly different. We discuss resilience concepts in ecotoxicology, where the prevailing view of resilience is engineering resilience from chemical stress. Ecological resilience may also be useful for describing systemic ecological changes because of chemical stress. We present quantitative methods that allow ecotoxicologists and risk managers to assess whether an ecosystem faces an impending regime shift or whether it has already undergone such a shift. We contend that engineering and ecological resilience help to distinguish ecotoxicological responses to chemical stressors mechanistically and thus have implications for theory, policy, and application. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:2574–2580. © 2017 SETAC
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0730-7268 , 1552-8618
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/etc.v36.10
    DOI: 10.1002/etc.3845
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2027441-5
    SSG: 12
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  • 2
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    Online Resource
    Benefit finding in renal transplantation and its association with psychological and clinical correlates: A prospective study
    Wiley ; 2019
    In:  British Journal of Health Psychology Vol. 24, No. 1 ( 2019-02), p. 175-191
    Details
    In: British Journal of Health Psychology, Wiley, Vol. 24, No. 1 ( 2019-02), p. 175-191
    Abstract: The identification of positive psychological changes, including benefit finding ( BF ), in chronic illness has gained substantial interest. However, less is known about BF in the context of a positive medical intervention. End‐stage renal disease ( ESRD ) can be regarded as a burdensome condition, but transplantation is expected to restore physical and psychological functioning to a large extent after a period of illness. The aim of this study was to examine (1) changes in BF from pre‐ to 12 months post‐transplantation, (2) the concurrent association of disease‐related characteristics and optimism to BF , and (3) the potential causal relations between BF and distress. Methods In this longitudinal study, 319 patients completed questionnaires before, 3 months, 6 months, and/or 12 months post‐transplantation. Multilevel models were used for the analyses. Measures included the Illness Cognitions Questionnaire to measure BF , the Life Orientation Test to measure optimism, and the General Health Questionnaire to measure distress. Results Benefit finding increased from pre‐ to post‐transplantation. Fewer symptoms and comorbidities, and more optimism, were related to more BF over all time‐points. The direction of the relation between BF and distress changed over time. Before transplantation, distress predicted an increase in BF , whereas post‐transplantation, distress predicted a decrease in BF . The causal relation between BF and distress post‐transplantation appeared to be reciprocal. Conclusions A positive medical intervention such as renal transplantation might facilitate the development of BF . This study indicates the need for longitudinal research on the relation between BF and psychological health in the face of positive events. Statement of contribution What is already known on this subject? Benefit finding refers to the identification of positive psychological changes following a negative life event. Individuals can experience benefit finding following chronic illness. The positive event of kidney transplantation is associated with improvements in patients’ physical and psychological functioning. What does this study add? Benefit finding increases from pre‐ to post‐kidney transplantation. Fewer symptoms and comorbidities, and higher optimism are related to more benefit finding. Before transplantation, distress predicts an increase in benefit finding. After transplantation, there appears to be a reciprocal relation between distress and benefit finding such that distress predicts a decrease in benefit finding and benefit finding predicts a decrease in distress.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1359-107X , 2044-8287
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.2019.24.issue-1
    DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.12346
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2026500-1
    SSG: 5,2
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    Procedure to select test organisms for environmental risk assessment of genetically modified crops in aquatic systems
    Wiley ; 2017
    In:  Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management Vol. 13, No. 6 ( 2017-11), p. 974-979
    Details
    In: Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, Wiley, Vol. 13, No. 6 ( 2017-11), p. 974-979
    Abstract: A species selection procedure is described to identify potential test species that are likely exposed in the field and may be at risk to suffer from the cultivation of genetically modified (GM) crops. Thereby this procedure could support the environmental risk assessment of GM crops. Potential improvements for the selection procedure are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1551-3777 , 1551-3793
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/ieam.v13.6
    DOI: 10.1002/ieam.1965
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2231760-0
    SSG: 21
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Nanosized titanium dioxide influences copper‐induced toxicity during aging as a function of environmental conditions
    Wiley ; 2016
    In:  Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry Vol. 35, No. 7 ( 2016-07), p. 1766-1774
    Details
    In: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Wiley, Vol. 35, No. 7 ( 2016-07), p. 1766-1774
    Abstract: Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO 2 ‐NPs) adsorb co‐occurring heavy metals in surface waters, modulating their toxicity for freshwater invertebrates. The processes triggering this interaction may be influenced by several environmental parameters; however, their relative importance remains unclear. The present study assessed the implications of aging on the joint acute toxicity of copper (Cu) and TiO 2 ‐NPs for Daphnia magna over a duration of up to 72 h. The influences of aging duration as well as ionic strength, pH, and presence of different qualities of organic matter during aging were assessed. The results indicated that the presence of TiO 2 ‐NPs often reduced the Cu‐induced toxicity for daphnids after aging (albeit with varying extent), which was displayed by up to 3‐fold higher EC50 (50% effective concentration) values compared to the absence of TiO 2 ‐NPs. Moreover, the Cu speciation, influenced by the ionic composition and the pH as well as the presence of organic additives in the medium, strongly modulated the processes during aging, with partly limited implications of the aging duration on the ecotoxicological response of D. magna . Nonetheless, the present study underpins the potential of TiO 2 ‐NPs to modify toxicity induced by heavy metals in freshwater ecosystems under various environmental conditions. This pattern, however, needs further verification using heavy metal ions with differing properties in combination with further environmental factors, such as ultraviolet irradiation. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:1766–1774. © 2015 SETAC
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0730-7268 , 1552-8618
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/etc.v35.7
    DOI: 10.1002/etc.3325
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2027441-5
    SSG: 12
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Rituximab combined with Dexa BEAM followed by high dose therapy as salvage therapy in patients with relapsed or refractory B‐cell lymphoma: mature results of a phase II multicentre study
    Wiley ; 2015
    In:  British Journal of Haematology Vol. 168, No. 6 ( 2015-03), p. 824-834
    Details
    In: British Journal of Haematology, Wiley, Vol. 168, No. 6 ( 2015-03), p. 824-834
    Abstract: Salvage therapy followed by high‐dose therapy ( HDT ) remains a mainstay for patients with relapsed lymphoma, however no optimal regimen has been defined. Here we report on the results of R‐Dexa BEAM (rituximab, dexamethasone, carmustine, etoposide, cytarabine, melphalan) followed by HDT . Patients aged 18–65 years, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance score 0–2, with relapsed/refractory B‐cell non‐Hodgkin lymphoma ( NHL ) were eligible. R‐Dexa‐ BEAM was given for two cycles followed by stem cell mobilization and HDT . Primary endpoint of the trial was progression‐free‐survival ( PFS ). One hundred and three patients were included: aggressive NHL ( aNHL ): diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma 55, mantle cell lymphoma 7, follicular lymphoma (FL ) grade 3: 5, indolent Lymphoma ( iNHL ): FL grade 1–2: 29, marginal zone lymphoma 6, Immunocytoma 1. The overall response rate after salvage therapy was 62% for aNHL and 78% for iNHL patients. 66% of patients with aNHL and 86% with iNHL underwent HDT . Treatment‐related mortality for HDT was 1·3%. For aNHL patients, the median PFS was 0·83 years with 44% alive at the median follow‐up of 7·3 years. Corresponding figures for iNHL were: median PFS 3·7 years and 72% alive after 8 years. The combination of rituximab with Dexa BEAM followed by HDT resulted in high response rates and sustained remissions in responders. R‐Dexa BEAM followed by HDT can be considered a valid salvage option for NHL .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0007-1048 , 1365-2141
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/bjh.2015.168.issue-6
    DOI: 10.1111/bjh.13234
    RVK:
    XA 34100
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1475751-5
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  • 6
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    Changes of perceived control after kidney transplantation: a prospective study
    Wiley ; 2017
    In:  Journal of Advanced Nursing Vol. 73, No. 7 ( 2017-07), p. 1712-1721
    Details
    In: Journal of Advanced Nursing, Wiley, Vol. 73, No. 7 ( 2017-07), p. 1712-1721
    Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine if kidney transplantation is associated with increases of perceived control and how changes of perceived control affect the course of psychological distress until 1 year after transplantation. Background Low levels of perceived control are associated with reduced well‐being among dialysis patients. Design Prospective longitudinal cohort study. Methods Perceived control (Mastery Scale) and psychological distress ( GHQ ‐12) were prospectively assessed before (T0; n  =   470) and three (T1; n  =   197), six (T2; n  =   210) and twelve (T3; n  =   183) months after transplantation. Differences between T1 and T0 perceived control were used to stratify the sample into three groups (control gain, stable control and control loss). Socio‐demographic and clinical variables, including complications, were examined as potential correlates and the course of psychological was distress compared across groups. Data were collected between July 2008 ‐ July 2013. Results Perceived control showed a small increase overall, with 35·1%, 50·0% and 14·9% reporting gain, stable level and loss respectively. Patients with secondary schooling were overrepresented in the control loss group. The course of psychological distress varied across perceived control change groups, with patients in the control gain group experiencing a significant reduction in psychological distress. Conclusion A considerable number of patients report increased levels of perceived control after transplantation that are associated with a subsequent decrease in psychological distress. Results emphasize the importance of perceived control and could inform interventions to facilitate well‐being after kidney transplantation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0309-2402 , 1365-2648
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jan.2017.73.issue-7
    DOI: 10.1111/jan.13263
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2009963-0
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Effects of nanoparticles in fresh waters: risks, mechanisms and interactions
    Wiley ; 2016
    In:  Freshwater Biology Vol. 61, No. 12 ( 2016-12), p. 2185-2196
    Details
    In: Freshwater Biology, Wiley, Vol. 61, No. 12 ( 2016-12), p. 2185-2196
    Abstract: Ecotoxicology is often criticised for its simplistic approach, which does not normally consider the complexity of field conditions. Simple laboratory experiments can still be useful, however, especially for assessing effects of emerging stressors such as nanoparticles, which exhibit fates, exposure profiles and modes of action substantially different from those of traditional chemicals. Here we argue that it is important to understand the potential effects of environmental conditions (e.g. UV radiation, dissolved organic matter, chemical stressors) on the fate and ecotoxicological potential of nanoparticles by using simple and well‐controlled experiments, while aiming to mimic realistic environmental conditions as closely as possible. The observation that increasingly complex test systems may yield lower effect thresholds for nanoparticles than standardised tests suggests that current approaches require modification. Specifically, research is encouraged on interactions among trophic levels, community composition and ecosystem and evolutionary processes, so that effects observed in complex environmental settings can be explained mechanistically. We highlight recent discoveries in ecotoxicology and ecology that suggest nanoparticle‐induced consequences on evolutionary and ecosystem processes as well as their potential transfer across ecosystem boundaries. These insights may encourage further research on nanoparticle effects informed by ecological theory.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0046-5070 , 1365-2427
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/fwb.2016.61.issue-12
    DOI: 10.1111/fwb.12701
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020306-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 121180-8
    SSG: 12
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Long‐term effects of fungicides on leaf‐associated microorganisms and shredder populations—an artificial stream study
    Wiley ; 2017
    In:  Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry Vol. 36, No. 8 ( 2017-08), p. 2178-2189
    Details
    In: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Wiley, Vol. 36, No. 8 ( 2017-08), p. 2178-2189
    Abstract: Leaf litter is a major source of carbon and energy for stream food webs, while both leaf‐decomposing microorganisms and macroinvertebrate leaf shredders can be affected by fungicides. Despite the potential for season‐long fungicide exposure for these organisms, however, such chronic exposures have not yet been considered. Using an artificial stream facility, effects of a chronic (lasting up to 8 wk) exposure to a mixture of 5 fungicides (sum concentration 20 μg/L) on leaf‐associated microorganisms and the key leaf shredder Gammarus fossarum were therefore assessed. While bacterial density and microorganism‐mediated leaf decomposition remained unaltered, fungicide exposure reduced fungal biomass (≤71%) on leaves from day 28 onward. Gammarids responded to the combined stress from consumption of fungicide‐affected leaves and waterborne exposure with a reduced abundance (≤18%), which triggered reductions in final population biomass (18%) and in the number of precopula pairs (≤22%) but could not fully explain the decreased leaf consumption (19%), lipid content (≤43%; going along with an altered composition of fatty acids), and juvenile production (35%). In contrast, fine particulate organic matter production and stream respiration were unaffected. Our results imply that long‐term exposure of leaf‐associated fungi and shredders toward fungicides may result in detrimental implications in stream food webs and impairments of detrital material fluxes. These findings render it important to understand decomposer communities’ long‐term adaptational capabilities to ensure that functional integrity is safeguarded. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:2178–2189. © 2017 SETAC
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0730-7268 , 1552-8618
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/etc.v36.8
    DOI: 10.1002/etc.3756
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2027441-5
    SSG: 12
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Evaluation of EGFR inhibitor‐mediated acneiform skin toxicity within the double‐blind randomized EVITA trial: A thorough gender‐specific analysis using the WoMo score
    Wiley ; 2019
    In:  Cancer Medicine Vol. 8, No. 9 ( 2019-08), p. 4169-4175
    Details
    In: Cancer Medicine, Wiley, Vol. 8, No. 9 ( 2019-08), p. 4169-4175
    Abstract: Acne‐like skin reactions frequently occur in patients undergoing treatment with drugs inhibiting the epidermal growth factor receptor. Recently, the effects of vitamin K1 containing cream (Reconval K1) as prophylactic skin treatment in addition to doxycycline were explored in a double‐blind randomized phase II trial (EVITA) in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer receiving cetuximab. EVITA demonstrated a trend towards less severe skin rash in Reconval K1‐treated patients using the tripartite WoMo skin reaction grading score as a thorough tool for quantification of drug related skin reactions. This gender‐specific analysis of the EVITA trial evaluated the application of the WoMo score for assessment of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)‐related skin toxicities according to treatment arm and gender. To show the robustness of results parametric and non‐parametric statistical analyses were conducted. All three parts of the WoMo score independently demonstrated the superiority of the treatment arm (Reconval K1) regarding a significant reduction in acneiform skin reactions in women. Men did not benefit from Reconval K1 cream at any time point in none of the WoMo score analyses. The treatment effect in women was confirmed by the use of skin rash categories based on the final WoMo overall score and mixed effect longitudinal multiple linear regression analysis. The WoMo score represents a sensitive tool for studies exploiting treatments against EGFR mediated acne‐like skin rash. Part C of the WoMo score seems to be sufficient for quantification of drug related skin toxicities in further studies. Standard WoMo skin reaction score values for future studies are provided.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2045-7634 , 2045-7634
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/cam4.v8.9
    DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2132
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2659751-2
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    History matters: Heterotrophic microbial community structure and function adapt to multiple stressors
    Wiley ; 2018
    In:  Global Change Biology Vol. 24, No. 2 ( 2018-02)
    Details
    In: Global Change Biology, Wiley, Vol. 24, No. 2 ( 2018-02)
    Abstract: Ecosystem functions in streams (e.g., microbially mediated leaf litter breakdown) are threatened globally by the predicted agricultural intensification and its expansion into pristine areas, which is associated with increasing use of fertilizers and pesticides. However, the ecological consequences may depend on the disturbance history of microbial communities. To test this, we assessed the effects of fungicides and nutrients (four levels each) on the structural and functional resilience of leaf‐associated microbial communities with differing disturbance histories (pristine vs. previously disturbed) in a 2 × 4 × 4‐factorial design ( n  =   6) over 21 days. Microbial leaf breakdown was assessed as a functional variable, whereas structural changes were characterized by the fungal community composition, species richness, biomass, and other factors. Leaf breakdown by the pristine microbial community was reduced by up to 30% upon fungicide exposure compared with controls, whereas the previously disturbed microbial community increased leaf breakdown by up to 85%. This significant difference in the functional response increased in magnitude with increasing nutrient concentrations. A pollution‐induced community tolerance in the previously disturbed microbial community, which was dominated by a few species with high breakdown efficacies, may explain the maintained function under stress. Hence, the global pressure on pristine ecosystems by agricultural expansion is expected to cause a modification in the structure and function of heterotrophic microbial communities, with microbially mediated leaf litter breakdown likely becoming more stable over time as a consequence of fungal community adaptions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1354-1013 , 1365-2486
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/gcb.2018.24.issue-2
    DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13859
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020313-5
    SSG: 12
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