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  • 2010-2014  (26)
  • Comparative Studies. Non-European Languages/Literatures  (26)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2012
    In:  Journal of Child Language Vol. 39, No. 2 ( 2012-03), p. 383-410
    In: Journal of Child Language, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 39, No. 2 ( 2012-03), p. 383-410
    Abstract: Children up to school age have been reported to perform poorly when interpreting sentences containing restrictive and additive focus particles by treating sentences with a focus particle in the same way as sentences without it. Careful comparisons between results of previous studies indicate that this phenomenon is less pronounced for restrictive than for additive particles. We argue that this asymmetry is an effect of the presuppositional status of the proposition triggered by the additive particle. We tested this in two experiments with German-learning three- and four-year-olds using a method that made the exploitation of the information provided by the particles highly relevant for completing the task. Three-year-olds already performed remarkably well with sentences both with auch ‘also’ and with nur ‘only’. Thus, children can consider the presuppositional contribution of the additive particle in their sentence interpretation and can exploit the restrictive particle as a marker of exhaustivity.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0305-0009 , 1469-7602
    RVK:
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    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1466489-6
    SSG: 5,2
    SSG: 7,11
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    SAGE Publications ; 2012
    In:  Second Language Research Vol. 28, No. 4 ( 2012-10), p. 387-413
    In: Second Language Research, SAGE Publications, Vol. 28, No. 4 ( 2012-10), p. 387-413
    Abstract: How well can non-native length contrasts for vowels and for consonants be perceived and is one type more difficult than the other? Three listener groups (native Italian and German as well as advanced German learners of Italian) performed a speeded same–different task involving vocalic and consonantal length contrasts as well as segmental contrasts as controls. Phonologically, Italian, but not German, has a consonantal length contrast, while German, but not Italian, has a vocalic length contrast. Analysis of responses yielded a clear asymmetry: A non-native vowel length contrast was perceived just as well as the native consonantal length contrast. A non-native consonantal length contrast, however, was perceived poorly compared to the native vocalic length contrast: Italians showed higher sensitivity for consonantal length than German learners of Italian, who in turn were better than German non-learners. Reaction time analyses indicated that, despite displaying higher accuracy, the decision was just as difficult for learners as for non-learners, suggesting different types of difficulty for listeners with and without experience with a consonantal length contrast.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0267-6583 , 1477-0326
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    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2023712-1
    SSG: 7,11
    SSG: 5,3
    SSG: 7,23
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cantonal and University Library Fribourg ; 2011
    In:  Travaux neuchâtelois de linguistique , No. 53 ( 2011-01-01), p. 127-146
    In: Travaux neuchâtelois de linguistique, Cantonal and University Library Fribourg, , No. 53 ( 2011-01-01), p. 127-146
    Abstract: This paper examines Conversation Analysis as applied to the field of Second Language Acquisition (SLA). The epistemological framework of CA is first presented and then exemplified through the study of disagreements accomplished by lower intermediate level learners of French L2. Micro-sequential analyses are carried out on a corpus of classroom interactions. The analyses shed new light on practices which have been the focus of previous studies in SLA. The analyses show how learners manage to finely tune their disagreement to the local circumstances by means of diverse resources (e.g. sequential, prosodic), while at the linguistic level, the disagreements appear direct and explicit (essentially turn-initial "no") – which has been interpreted in earlier research as an indicator of limited competence in the L2. On the basis of these results, we discuss specific contributions of Conversation Analysis to SLA research, as well as its limits with regards to other socially oriented approaches to SLA.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2504-205X , 1010-1705
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    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Cantonal and University Library Fribourg
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2601490-7
    SSG: 7,11
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Elsevier BV ; 2014
    In:  Journal of Pragmatics Vol. 65 ( 2014-05), p. 121-136
    In: Journal of Pragmatics, Elsevier BV, Vol. 65 ( 2014-05), p. 121-136
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0378-2166
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    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1480730-0
    SSG: 5,1
    SSG: 5,2
    SSG: 7,11
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Elsevier BV ; 2012
    In:  Journal of Pragmatics Vol. 44, No. 13 ( 2012-10), p. 1821-1835
    In: Journal of Pragmatics, Elsevier BV, Vol. 44, No. 13 ( 2012-10), p. 1821-1835
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0378-2166
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    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1480730-0
    SSG: 5,1
    SSG: 5,2
    SSG: 7,11
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2014
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 136, No. 4_Supplement ( 2014-10-01), p. 2165-2166
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 136, No. 4_Supplement ( 2014-10-01), p. 2165-2166
    Abstract: Flat-response devices are a class of hearing protectors with nearly uniform attenuation across frequency. These devices can protect the individual wearer while maintaining the spectral balance of the surrounding sounds. This is typically achieved by reducing the muffling effect of conventional hearing protectors which provide larger attenuation at higher than lower frequencies, especially with earmuffs. Flat hearing protectors are often recommended when good speech communication or sound perception is essential, especially for wearers with high-frequency hearing loss, to maintain audibility at all frequencies. However, while flat-response devices are described in some acoustical standards, the tolerance limits for the definition of flatness are largely unspecified and relatively little is known on the exact conditions when such devices can be beneficial. The purpose of this study is to gain insight into the interaction between the spectrum of the noise, the shape of the attenuation-frequency response, and the hearing loss configuration on detection thresholds using a psychoacoustic model of sound detection in noise.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
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    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2013
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 133, No. 5_Supplement ( 2013-05-01), p. 3235-3235
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 133, No. 5_Supplement ( 2013-05-01), p. 3235-3235
    Abstract: Since introduction in 1972, roll-down slow-recovery foam earplugs have become nearly ubiquitous. They are used widely in industries and by consumers around the world. Their performance has been reported in numerous journal articles and they are often part of laboratory experiments, either as the object of the study or as a reference device that is used as a control or to assure exclusion of noise from the ear to facilitate data acquisition. As such it is important to be able to describe their performance since although they generally provide high levels of protection, the amount of protection and its spectral dependence is a function of insertion depth. Real-ear attenuation results will be presented for a range of insertions from that which caps the earcanal to full earcanal insertion past the second bend. The results will be compared to published data to demonstrate how they can be used to estimate the quality of fit that was likely achieved vs that which was reported. These data will be useful to researchers who wish to “calibrate” the quality of insertion they are achieving in their own studies going forward. [The author is an employee of 3M and the research was funded by 3M.]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2010
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 127, No. 4 ( 2010-04-01), p. 2358-2367
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 127, No. 4 ( 2010-04-01), p. 2358-2367
    Abstract: Underwater acoustic orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) enables simple frequency domain equalization, but its performance is often limited by intercarrier interference (ICI) that is induced by channel variation, in addition to the ambient noise. As the signal itself, the variance of the ICI is frequency dependent as (i) the transmitter often has a nonideal transmit voltage response (TVR) and (ii) underwater acoustic propagation introduces frequency dependent attenuation. In this paper, a simple method to account for the frequency dependent spectrum of the ICI plus noise is proposed. Specifically, the power spectrum of the ICI plus noise is approximated using a low-order polynomial in the log domain, by fitting the measurements on the null subcarriers embedded in each OFDM symbol. Prewhitening is then applied to each OFDM symbol before channel estimation and data demodulation. The proposed method is tested using experimental data collected from the SPACE08 and RACE08 experiments, where signals with and without transmitter precompensation are compared side by side in the former. Impressive performance gains are found whenever the signal is significantly colored. This is the case when either the TVR is not compensated or the transmission distance and bandwidth are large.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
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    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2014
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 136, No. 4_Supplement ( 2014-10-01), p. 2134-2134
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 136, No. 4_Supplement ( 2014-10-01), p. 2134-2134
    Abstract: The gold standard in measuring hearing protector attenuation since the late 1950s has been real-ear attenuation at threshold (REAT). Though well understood and standardized both in the U. S. (ANSI S3.19-1974 and ANSI S12.6-2008) and internationally (ISO 4869-1:1990), and known to provide valid and reliable estimates of protection for the test panel being evaluated, an area that is not clearly defined is the variability of the test measurements within a given laboratory. The test standards do provide estimates of uncertainty, both within and between laboratories, based on limited test data and interlaboratory studies, but thus far no published within-laboratory data over numerous tests and years have been available to provide empirical support for variability statements. This paper provides information from a one-of-a-kind database from a single laboratory that has conducted nearly 2500 studies over a period of 35 years in a single facility, managed by the same director (the lead author). Repeat test data on a controlled set of samples of a foam earplug, a premolded earplug, and two different earmuffs, with one of the data sets comprising 25 repeat tests over that 35-year period, will be used to demonstrate the inherent variability of this type of human-subject testing.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Elsevier BV ; 2011
    In:  Brain and Language Vol. 117, No. 3 ( 2011-06), p. 103-109
    In: Brain and Language, Elsevier BV, Vol. 117, No. 3 ( 2011-06), p. 103-109
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0093-934X
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    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1462477-1
    SSG: 5,2
    SSG: 7,11
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