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  • Berger, Theodore W.  (13)
  • Comparative Studies. Non-European Languages/Literatures  (13)
Type of Medium
Language
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Subjects(RVK)
  • Comparative Studies. Non-European Languages/Literatures  (13)
RVK
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2003
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 113, No. 4_Supplement ( 2003-04-01), p. 2198-2199
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 113, No. 4_Supplement ( 2003-04-01), p. 2198-2199
    Abstract: An idea of speech enhancement using a Dynamic Synapse Neural Network (DSNN) with an extended Kalman filtering (EKF) training method is described. The goal of this study is to introduce a new methodology in better speech enhancement in the presence of continuous environment background noise, such as fans and air-conditioning units. The efficiency of this method is shown by applying it to noisy speech signals to remove recorded laboratory noise from signals at different signal-to-noise ratio levels. The preliminary results have been encouraging enough to justify our idea. To provide more noise robustness, this could be used as a pre-processing level in automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems. The proposed method would have a profound impact on the performance of ASR systems. [Work supported by DARPA CBS, NASA, and ONR.]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2003
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2001
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 110, No. 5_Supplement ( 2001-11-01), p. 2774-2774
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 110, No. 5_Supplement ( 2001-11-01), p. 2774-2774
    Abstract: A discrete type of the Dynamic Synapses Neural Network (DSNN) has been developed and applied to speech recognition. In order to speed up the training time of the network, a new discrete time implementation of the original DSNN [J.-S. Liaw and T. W. Berger, 1996] has been introduced based on the impulse invariant transformation. The new architecture of the network was trained with the Genetic Algorithms [H. H. Namarvar et al., 2001] and tested against the continues-type DSNN. The overall speed of the new algorithm with discrete-time difference equation set is about 13 times faster than the same algorithm with the continuous differential equation set. This significant reduction of processing time not only decreases the training time but also makes the system better suited for real-time speech recognition tasks. [Work supported by DARPA.]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2001
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2001
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 109, No. 5_Supplement ( 2001-05-01), p. 2491-2491
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 109, No. 5_Supplement ( 2001-05-01), p. 2491-2491
    Abstract: A new DSNN architecture has been developed by the wavelet filter bank and the genetic algorithm (GA) training algorithm. The original DSNN [J.-S. Liaw and T. W. Berger, Hippocampus 6, 591–600 (1996)] was based on the integrate-and-fire-based neurons using Hebbian learning. Implementing input neurons of DSNN as wavelet filters has been shown to increase the retention of input information and the system performance in comparison to the integrate-and-fire neural network with a Hebbian learning algorithm. This study has shown improvements in achieving convergence of the neural network for difficult discrimination conditions. The Hebbian and anti-Hebbian learning rules do not take into account all of the system parameters which may have a significant impact on system performance. Hence we used the GA as the training algorithm to provide an efficient way for searching parameter spaces. This novel network has been tested by raw speech waveforms for a speech recognition task. The system performance during training phase was highly improved in comparison with the prior version of DSNN. [Work supported by DARPA.]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2001
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2004
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 115, No. 5_Supplement ( 2004-05-01), p. 2612-2612
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 115, No. 5_Supplement ( 2004-05-01), p. 2612-2612
    Abstract: The modified architecture of the dynamic synapse neural network (DSNN) is used to model windowed short time speech signal. The quasi-linearization algorithm is applied to train the network. The parameters of the trained network, which are representatives of the signal, are fed into the GMM/HMM based classifier. The performance of the modified architecture with GMM/HMM based classifier is demonstrated by recognition of continuous speech from unprocessed, noisy raw waveforms spoken by multiple speakers. Our results indicate that the features obtained from DSNN are robust in the presence of additive white Gaussian noise with respect to state-of-the-art Mel frequency features. [Work supported in part by DARPA, NASA and ONR.]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2004
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2003
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 114, No. 4_Supplement ( 2003-10-01), p. 2331-2332
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 114, No. 4_Supplement ( 2003-10-01), p. 2331-2332
    Abstract: In this paper, we propose a probabilistic neurotransmitter release for dynamic synapses neural network (DSNNs). The capabilities of DSNNs have already been investigated in the processing of spatio-temporal patterns of action potentials [J.-S. Liaw and T. W. Berger (1996)]. The deterministic model of synapse is substituted by probabilistic Markov model. The action potentials generated by auditory system are the inputs of the model. The probability of neurotransmitter release is then estimated from the model. In general, the aim of this study is to present a robust pure tone recognition system based on DSNN. To generate action potential from music tone we have employed pulse code modulation method. The action potentials are plugged into the DSNN for recognition purpose. Our simulation results showed that the DSNN based on probabilistic release has 4% better recognition performance with respect to the deterministic model [A. A. Dibazar et al., SFN 2002] . [Work supported in part by DARPA-CVS, NASA, and ONR.]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2003
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2004
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 116, No. 4_Supplement ( 2004-10-01), p. 2581-2581
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 116, No. 4_Supplement ( 2004-10-01), p. 2581-2581
    Abstract: This paper focuses on the dynamic synapses neural network (DSNN) for identification of nonspeech sounds, including the chambering of a gun, as well as localization of identified sounds. The algorithm employed consisted of extracting DSNN features from sounds and classification of features based on Gaussian mixture models (GMMs). To extract DSNN features, a single neuron with a presynapse including a 14th order differential equation, first order post-synapse, and first order inhibitory feedback was used. After training, network parameters were used as features. The classification task was then formulated as an estimation of conditional joint probability. Classification results were collected from both chambering identification and localization. Successful localization was defined as correct identification of speaker of origin. The number of training and testing samples were 120 and 160, respectively. The system performed 96.88% and 90.00% correct identification and localization of test samples.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2004
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2004
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 115, No. 5_Supplement ( 2004-05-01), p. 2427-2428
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 115, No. 5_Supplement ( 2004-05-01), p. 2427-2428
    Abstract: We propose a new noise robust speech recognition system using time-frequency domain analysis and radial basis function (RBF) support vector machines (SVM). Here, we ignore the effects of correlative and nonstationary noise and only focus on continuous additive Gaussian white noise. We then develop an isolated digit/command recognizer and compare its performance to two other systems, in which the SVM classifier has been replaced by multilayer perceptron (MLP) and RBF neural networks. All systems are trained under the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) condition. We obtained the best correct classification rate of 83% and 52% for digit recognition on the TI-46 corpus for the SVM and MLP systems, respectively under the SNR=0 (dB), while we could not train the RBF network for the same dataset. The newly developed speech recognition system seems to be noise robust for medium size speech recognition problems under continuous, stationary background noise. However, it is still required to test the system under realistic noisy environment to observe whether the system keeps its adaptability and robustness under such conditions. [Work supported in part by grants from DARPA CBS, NASA, and ONR.]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2004
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2002
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 111, No. 5_Supplement ( 2002-05-01), p. 2481-2481
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 111, No. 5_Supplement ( 2002-05-01), p. 2481-2481
    Abstract: In this paper we propose a new method for using dynamic synapse neural networks (DSNNs) to accomplish isolated word recognition. The DSNNs developed by Liaw and Berger (1996) provide explicit analytic computational frameworks for the solution of nonlinear differential equations. Our method employs quasilinearization of a nonlinear differential equation to train a DSNN. This method employs an iterative algorithm, which converges monotonically to the extremal solutions of the nonlinear differential equation. The utility of the method was explored by training a simple DSNN to perform a speech recognition task on unprocessed, noisy raw waveforms of words spoken by multiple speakers. The simulation results showed that this training method has very fast convergence with respect to other existing methods. [Work supported by ONR and DARPA.]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2002
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2006
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 120, No. 5_Supplement ( 2006-11-01), p. 3139-3139
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 120, No. 5_Supplement ( 2006-11-01), p. 3139-3139
    Abstract: Identification of acoustic signals in noisy environments remains one of the most difficult of signal processing problems, and is a major obstacle to the high degree of accuracy and speed needed to identify suspicious sounds in high-security, high-safety environments. We have previously developed an acoustic recognition capability using a novel, biologically based Dynamic Synapse Neural Network (DSNN) technology. The DSNN-based technology has been demonstrated to classify target sounds with a high degree of accuracy, even in high noise conditions. In this paper we focus on extending the acoustic recognition capability of DSNNs to the problem of gunshot recognition. In order to recognize and localize the event, an array of four microphones is used for sound input. For localization purpose, time-delay estimation algorithm (TDE) is employed for triangulation. We have developed stand-alone, portable, and cost-efficient hardware with which both recognition and localization can be performed. In field-testing, the system classifies and localizes over 90% of the trained-for sounds. Performance for firecracker, starter pistol, 9-mm, and 44-caliber, explosion/firing sounds was also tested.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2001
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 109, No. 5_Supplement ( 2001-05-01), p. 2316-2316
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 109, No. 5_Supplement ( 2001-05-01), p. 2316-2316
    Abstract: In this paper, a new automatic gender identification method is proposed as a part of an Automatic Speaker Recognition (ASR) system. The short time raw speech signal (180–450 ms) was filtered by the nine-order Butterworth low pass filter and decomposed to different frequency bands by the wavelet filter bank analyzer. The energy of the 120 sub-bands was used as a feature vector and applied to a standard classifier. This classifier was trained by the gradient descent method with 1594 utterances spoken by various males and females. The system was tested with different 2542 utterances giving 99.2% correct classification rate. The high performance and simplicity of implementation are the characteristics of this system in comparison to the other methods. [Work supported by DARPA.]  
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2001
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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