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  • Undetermined  (20)
  • Stabi Berlin  (20)
  • Charité
  • 2010-2014  (20)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Oxford University Press
    UID:
    gbv_1832235572
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (213 p.)
    ISBN: 9780199228676
    Content: The opportunities for doing scattering experiments at synchrotron and neutron facilities have grown rapidly in recent years and are set to continue to do so into the foreseeable future. This text provides a basic understanding of how these techniques enable the structure and dynamics of materials to be studied at the atomic and molecular level. Although mathematics cannot be avoided in a theoretical discussion, the aim has been to write a book that most scientists will still find approachable. To this end, the first two chapters are devoted to providing a tutorial background in the mathematics and physics that are implicitly assumed in other texts. Thereafter, the philosophy has been one of keeping things as simple as possible
    Note: English
    Language: Undetermined
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 2
    UID:
    gbv_1759641642
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: ESMAP Report
    Content: The term energy access has various connotations to energy development specialists. For this review, we define energy access as relating both to physical proximity to energy infrastructure and to the policies and frameworks supporting the transition to better, reliable, and more efficient use of electricity and modern fuels. This viewpoint frames energy access as a development process sometimes referred to as the energy transition that starts with reliance on low-quality energy sources (straw, dung, candles) and finishes when high-quality energy sources, such as commercial fuels or electricity, are available. Access to these higher-quality energy sources allow for services (lighting, communication, cooling, pumping), which are not available at lower rungs of the energy ladder. This report focuses on the World Bank's portfolio of energy access-related projects approved during most of the past decade (FY2000-08). The objectives of the review were to compile an up-to-date data base on energy access-related assistance commitments and review current trends and patterns of energy access-related assistance. The authors also wanted to examine to the greatest extent possible the lessons that could be learned across regions, focusing on policy and project design recommendations. Finally, it was important to establish a solid methodology for measuring energy access in order to provide a baseline for future reviews of the investment portfolio. This study focuses on the World Bank's role in energy access investments for the period between fiscal years 2000 and 2008. Developing and transition countries face huge investments in energy access in order to meet their commitments to achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
    Note: English , en_US
    Language: Undetermined
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  • 3
    UID:
    gbv_1759711454
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource
    Content: Pakistan has made strides over the last decade in its Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) response, with active surveillance, considerable research, both governmental and non?governmental prevention and care activities, and treatment since 2005 to 2006. However, the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) prevalence among People Who Inject Drugs (PWID) has not declined, coverage of current prevention and treatment programs remains limited and the gains made to date are threatened by internal and external factors. This report attempts to review and synthesize available data on HIV in Pakistan and to use these data to suggest strategic priorities for the next phase of the HIV response in an effort to improve the allocative efficiency of resources and effective and efficient implementation of the response. This report presents an integrated model for HIV services delivery that depicts a continuum of care from prevention outreach to treatment with a focus on evidence based interventions and strong linkages. It describes three potential models for Volunteer Counseling and Testing (VCT) services for most at risk populations that increase outreach and engagement with PWID, hijra communities, and Male Sex Workers (MSWs), and their clients. It also places heavy emphasis on evidence based approaches to prevention including expanding treatment for High Risk Groups (HRGs) and improving the linkages for HIV positive and HIV negative PWID for drug treatment services, such as Methadone Maintenance Therapy (MMT), and outlines the steps for an evidenced based, effective and efficient policy response at a time of shrinking resources for HIV in overall low prevalence settings. This report is organized as follows: chapter one gives introduction; chapter two presents epidemiology methods; chapter three gives country context; chapter four presents status of HIV epidemic; chapter five gives summary of key findings; chapter six deals with systems response to HIV and AIDS in Pakistan; chapter seven gives key policy recommendations; and chapter eight gives conclusion
    Note: Pakistan , South Asia , English , en_US
    Language: Undetermined
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  • 4
    UID:
    gbv_1759725781
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource
    Content: In this paper, the conditions under which the spending patterns of oil resources may mitigate the risk of violent domestic conflict are studied. Some recent research suggests that more government spending either in general or specifically in welfare and military may reduce the risk of civil conflict onset (Hegre and Sambanis, 2006; Basedau and Lay, 2009; Fjelde and de Soysa, 2009; Taydas and Peksen, 2012). While oil wealth has begun to be considered in the study of civil conflict as an important source of revenue for governments, there has not been a systematic analysis of whether oil-rich countries can increase public spending or alter the particular allocation of such spending to social sectors or the military as a way to mitigate the risk of conflict. We use time-series cross section data (148 countries, 1960-2009) to test the hypothesis that oil has a conditional effect on civil conflict depending on the size of government expenditure and the allocation of government spending. Our dependent variable is the onset of small and large civil conflict (Gleditch et al., 2002). The empirical estimations show that small and large conflicts alike are less likely when large parts of oil resources are dedicated to military spending. Increased spending in education, health or social security is associated with lower risk of small-scale conflict, irrespective of the level of oil revenue. On the other hand, higher levels of general government expenditure do not appear to have any robust mitigating effects. The paper proceeds as follows: Section II reviews work on natural resources and conflict; Section III discusses the literature on public spending and conflict; Section IV presents our approach, derives testable hypotheses, and presents the data; Section V describes the results; and Section VI concludes
    Note: Africa , English , en_US
    Language: Undetermined
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  • 5
    UID:
    gbv_1759726311
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource
    Content: An energy efficiency revolving fund (EERF) is a viable option for scaling up energy efficiency (EE) financing in the public sector in the Western Balkans. Under a typical EERF targeting the public sector, loans are provided to public agencies to cover the initial investment costs of EE projects; some of the resulting savings are then used to repay the EERF until the original investment is recovered, plus interest and service charges. The repayments can then be used to finance additional projects, thereby allowing the capital to revolve creating a sustainable financing mechanism. This guidance note is intended for government decision makers interested in establishing such EE revolving funds. It defines the typical structure of such funds, conditions under which they can be useful and effective, ways they can address some of the financing barriers, and implementation options. The note also provides examples, case studies, and lessons learned, and a 'road map' for establishing such funds
    Note: Eastern Europe , Europe and Central Asia , English , en_US
    Language: Undetermined
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  • 6
    UID:
    gbv_1759726303
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource
    Content: The development of private sector energy service providers (ESPs), including energy service companies (ESCOs), that specialize in energy efficiency (EE) project development and implementation can help overcome some of the important barriers to scaling up implementation of energy efficiency (EE) projects, particularly in the public sector. ESPs can offer a range of services spanning the energy services value chain and provide the technical skills and resources needed to identify and implement EE opportunities, perform services using performance based contracts (thereby reducing the risks to the energy users), facilitate access to financing from commercial lenders, and enable the energy users to pay for the services from the cost savings achieved. This guidance note provides examples of actions taken by governments in many countries (such as Armenia, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, and India) to foster the energy services market and help establish and grow ESPs in their countries. Experience from these countries shows that governments need to adopt a three-pronged approach, involving policy and regulatory initiatives, technical assistance (TA), and financing strategies, to build ESP and public agency capacity, implement ESP projects in the public sector, and provide the platform for moving to more complex implementation and financing models in the future. TA or financing alone does not offer an effective strategy to overcome the multidimensional challenges of ESP market development; efforts in all three areas are needed. Key conclusions of this guidance note are that: (i) there is no specific formula that can be prescribed to instruct governments on how to develop energy services markets; and (ii) fostering the ESP market requires governments to undertake a concerted set of legislative, regulatory, policy, financing, and awareness and information initiatives
    Note: Eastern Europe , Europe and Central Asia , English , en_US
    Language: Undetermined
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  • 7
    UID:
    gbv_1759737488
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Education Resilience Approaches (ERA) program,Systems Approach for Better Education Results (SABER)
    Content: This study finds that college-going Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgender Queer Intersex Asexual (LGBTQIA) persons on Delhi campuses face a highly discriminatory context of adversity, which makes their desired outcome for acceptance virtually impossible to achieve. Using the mixed-methods resilience research approach, this project examines how they negotiate through these challenges to reach some approximation of acceptance in their lives. The study aims to gain a better understanding of the issues that persons who identify as LGBTQIA face, the resilience strategies that enable respondents, and how the costs of these resilience strategies are negotiated. It covers the following five thematic areas: (1) understanding what acceptance means for respondents, and how they try to navigate towards it; (2) charting the types of discrimination and stigma that respondents face in their educational environment; (3) identifying the resources and support networks respondents use to cope with discrimination and what, if any, consequences accompany their use; (4) determining the impact of protective and promotive resilience strategies on the context of adversity and the gaining of acceptance; and (5) exploring how respondentss fears and hopes for their futures evolve during higher education. The study finds that while respondents use multiple resilience strategies to carve out a space where they belong and find acceptance, these strategies are costly. The costs are born out of and reinforce the stigma and discrimination against LGBTQIA prevalent in Indian society. Individuals and the LGBTQIA community on Delhi campuses have thus had to strategically navigate their environment to modulate these costs. Our research indicates that these strategies can in turn be used to alter the context of adversity for LGBTQIA students on Delhi campuses
    Note: India , South Asia , English , en_US
    Language: Undetermined
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  • 8
    UID:
    gbv_1759725773
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource
    Content: The African continent is one of the world richest regions in oil, gas and minerals. Proven reserves have expanded and prospects improved recently making the continent an important player on the world stage. The share of natural resources in GDP is increasing rapidly. Exports of minerals and hydrocarbons account for more than a quarter of total exports in half of the sub-Saharan economies and the share of natural resources revenue (NRR) on total government revenue is expected to become dominant for an increasing number of countries. Wealth of natural resources offers opportunities but it also brings in challenges. Natural resources have generally been linked to a series of negative outcomes like economic decline, corruption and autocratic rule (McNeish, 2010). Oil and minerals reserves are often point source natural resources, being usually very spatially concentrated. Their discovery becomes almost inevitably a potential source of conflict between the governments, the people of the producing areas and those of the rest of the country (Fearon and Laitin, 2003). In other words, intergovernmental sharing is a big issue that needs a solution when natural resources are discovered and exploited. Full centralization of NNR is the exception rather than the rule, as we will observe in the paper. It is practiced for oil and gas by both autocratic regimes (such as Saudi Arabia and other Middle East countries), and fully fledged democratic systems, such as Norway and the UK. Full centralization does not imply, however, the absence of compensating mechanisms, or of indirect transfers in favor of the governments of the producing areas. In the UK, for example, Scotland receives no share of oil taxes, but is compensated with a larger share of block grants to local governments (the Barnett formula ). Norway rewards the local governments closer to the producing areas with generous infrastructure projects, such as tunnels and bridges linking very sparsely populated areas and islands. Autocratic countries may also use repression to quench the request for a share of NRR from their producing areas
    Note: Africa , English , en_US
    Language: Undetermined
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  • 9
    UID:
    gbv_1877784699
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource
    ISBN: 9781743324035 , 9781743324004
    Content: The Lifestyle-integrated Functional Exercise (LiFE) program is a way of reducing the risk of falls by integrating balance and strength activities into regular daily tasks. Unloading the dishwasher becomes an opportunity to improve strength. Brushing your teeth becomes an opportunity to improve balance. In the LiFE program, every daily task becomes an opportunity to improve balance and strength. This is a different approach to a traditional program where you would be required to complete a series of exercises a certain number of times a day for a set number of days each week. The participant's manual outlines the principles of the LiFE program and provides detailed descriptions of the strength and balance activities in the program. It shows how the activities can be incorporated into an everyday routine and includes several stories of successful participants in the program. The participant's manual should also be read by therapists and trainers so that they are familiar with the LiFE program in its entirety and can teach it effectively to others. For hospitals, health services, and other groups that offer LiFE Training to the community, a 50 per cent discount is available for the participant's manual if 10 or more copies are orders. Please contact us for further details. A trainer's manual is also available
    Note: English
    Language: Undetermined
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  • 10
    UID:
    gbv_1877797685
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource
    ISBN: 9780833093226 , 9780833088109
    Content: This report documents key technological innovations in the energy sector; identifies best practices of educational and training programs that have successfully responded to evolving labor markets in other sectors; analyzes four case-study energy-sector education and training programs in southwestern Pennsylvania; and provides recommendations for the energy-sector education and training system in the region
    Note: English
    Language: Undetermined
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