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  • 1
    Book
    Book
    Santiago, Chile : Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC)
    UID:
    b3kat_BV040386297
    Format: 257 S. , graph. Darst.
    ISBN: 9789210210850
    Series Statement: Libros de la CEPAL 111
    Language: English
    Keywords: Lateinamerika ; Sozialpolitik ; Soziale Sicherheit
    Author information: Martínez, Rodrigo
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  • 2
    UID:
    gbv_834976706
    Format: Online-Ressource (61 p)
    Edition: 2012 World Bank eLibrary
    Content: Financial inclusion-defined here as the use of formal accounts-can bring many welfare benefits to individuals. Yet we know very little about the factors underpinning financial inclusion across individuals and countries. Using data for 123 countries and over 124,000 individuals, this paper tries to understand the individual and country characteristics associated with the use of formal accounts and what policies are effective among those most likely to be excluded: the poor and rural residents. The authors find that greater ownership and use of accounts is associated with a better enabling environment for accessing financial services, such as lower account costs and greater proximity to financial intermediaries. Policies targeted to promote inclusion-such as requiring banks to offer basic or low-fee accounts, exempting some depositors from onerous documentation requirements, allowing correspondent banking, and using bank accounts to make government payments-are especially effective among those most likely to be excluded. Finally, the authors study the factors associated with perceived barriers to account ownership among those who are financially excluded and find that these individuals report lower barriers in countries with lower costs of accounts and greater penetration of financial service providers. Overall, the results suggest that policies to reduce barriers to financial inclusion may expand the pool of eligible account users and encourage existing account holders to use their accounts to save and with greater frequency
    Additional Edition: Allen, Franklin The Foundations of Financial Inclusion
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 3
    UID:
    gbv_834975890
    Format: Online-Ressource (46 p)
    Edition: 2012 World Bank eLibrary
    Content: This paper provides the first comprehensive documentation of how firms use domestic and international corporate bond markets. Debt issues in domestic and international markets have different characteristics, not explained by differences across firms or countries. International issues tend to be larger, of shorter maturity, denominated in foreign currency, include more fixed rate contracts, and entail lower yields. These patterns remain when analyzing issues by firms from countries with more developed domestic markets and higher financial integration, and even when comparing issues conducted by the same firm in different markets. These findings are consistent with the views that (1) frictions limit the ability of investors and firms to enter into certain contracts in certain markets, (2) domestic and international markets provide distinct financial services and firms use them as complements, and (3) firms with access to domestic and international markets enjoy advantages relative to those that rely solely on domestic markets
    Additional Edition: Gozzi, Juan Carlos How Firms use Domestic and International Corporate Bond Markets
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 4
    UID:
    gbv_1649984162
    Format: Online-Ressource (XX, 296p, digital)
    ISBN: 9783642111563
    Series Statement: Lecture Notes in Statistics 197
    Content: Population Growth Models in Random and Varying Environments -- A refinement of limit theorems for the critical branching processes in random environment -- Branching processes in stationary random environment: The extinction problem revisited -- Environmental versus demographic stochasticity in population growth -- Stationary distributions of the alternating branching processes -- Special Branching Processes -- Approximations in population-dependent branching processes -- Extension of the problem of extinction on Galton–Watson family trees -- Limit theorems for critical randomly indexed branching processes -- Renewal measure density for distributions with regularly varying tails of order a ? ? (0,½] -- Limit Theorems and Statistics -- Approximation of a sum of martingale differences generated by a bootstrap branching process -- Critical branching processes with immigration -- Weighted conditional least squares estimation in controlled multitype branching processes -- Applications in Cell Kinetics and Genetics -- Branching processes in cell proliferation kinetics -- Griffiths–Pakes branching process as a model for evolution of Alu elements -- Parametric inference for Y-linked gene branching models: Expectation-maximization method -- Applications in Epidemiology -- Applications of branching processes to the final size of SIR epidemics -- A branching process approach for the propagation of the Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy in Great-Britain -- Time to extinction of infectious diseases through age-dependent branching models -- Time to extinction in a two-host interaction model for the macroparasite Echinococcus granulosus -- Two-sex Branching Models -- Bisexual branching processes with immigration depending on the number of females and males -- Two-sex branching process literature.
    Content: This volume contains papers presented at the Workshop on Branching Processes and Their Applications (WBPA09). These papers deal with theoretical and practical aspects of branching process theory, showing it to be an area of active and interesting research. They clearly indicate the vitality of the theoretical research on this topic, as well as the importance of branching concepts in the development of theoretical approaches to solving new problems in applied fields such as Epidemiology, Cell Kinetics, Genetics, and, of course, Population Dynamics. The topics covered by the papers have been classified into the following areas: Population Growth Models in Random and Varying Environments Special Branching Processes Limit Theorems and Statistics Applications in Cell Kinetics and Genetics Applications in Epidemiology Two-Sex Branching Models This book represents a valuable reference on the contemporary branching processes theory, presenting also many open problems which will lead to future research.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Foreword; Preface; Contents; Contributors; Part I Population Growth Models in Random and Varying Environments; 1 A refinement of limit theorems for the critical branching processes in random environment; Vladimir Vatutin; 1.1 Introduction and main results; 1.2 Branching in conditioned environment; 1.3 Proof of Theorems 1.1 and 1.2; References; 2 Branching processes in stationary random environment: The extinction problem revisited; Gerold Alsmeyer; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Classical results revisited; 2.3 Main result and a counterexample; 2.4 Some useful facts from Palm-duality theory , 2.5 ProofsReferences; 3 Environmental versus demographic stochasticity in population growth; Carlos A. Braumann; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Density-independent models and their local behavior; 3.3 Density-independent models and extinction; 3.4 Density-dependent models for environmental stochasticity; 3.5 Conclusions; References; 4 Stationary distributions of the alternating branching processes; Penka Mayster; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Alternating branching process; 4.3 Alternating branching process with explicit immigration; 4.4 Reproduction by n cycles; 4.5 Criticality , 4.6 Stationary distribution in random environment4.7 Unconditional probability generating functions; 4.8 Feed-back control; References; Part II Special Branching Processes; 5 Approximations in population-dependent branching processes; Fima C. Klebaner; 5.1 Introduction and a motivating example; 5.2 A Representation of the process and its re-scaled version; 5.2.1 Re-scaled process: Dynamics plus small noise; 5.2.2 Dynamics without noise in binary splitting; 5.3 Time to extinction; 5.4 The size of the population after a long time providedit has survived; 5.5 Case of small initial population , 5.5.1 Probability of becoming large and time for it to happen5.6 Behaviour before extinction; References; 6 Extension of the problem of extinction on Galton--Watson family trees; George P. Yanev; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Critical phenomenon; 6.3 Distribution of the number of complete and disjoint subtrees, rooted at the ancestor; 6.4 Ratio of expected values of Zns provided infinite subtrees exist; 6.6 Poisson offspring distribution; 6.7 One-or-many offspring distribution; 6.8 Concluding remarks; References; 7 Limit theorems for critical randomly indexed branching processes , Kosto V. Mitov, Georgi K. Mitov and Nikolay M. Yanev7.1 Introduction; 7.2 A conditional limit theorem for random time change; 7.3 Renewal processes; 7.4 BGW branching processes starting with random number of particles; 7.5 Limit theorems for the process Y(t); 7.6 Concluding remarks; References; 8 Renewal measure density for distributions with regularly varying tails of order (0,1/2]; Valentin Topchii; 8.1 Introduction; 8.2 Effects of attraction to a stable law; 8.3 Asymptotics of renewal function density; References; Part III Limit Theorems and Statistics , 9 Approximation of a sum of martingale differences generated by a bootstrap branching process
    Additional Edition: ISBN 9783642111549
    Additional Edition: Buchausg. u.d.T. Workshop on Branching Processes and Their Applications (2009 : Badajoz) Workshop on Branching Processes and Their Applications Berlin : Springer, 2010 ISBN 9783642111549
    Language: English
    Subjects: Mathematics
    RVK:
    Keywords: Verzweigungsprozess ; Verzweigungsprozess ; Konferenzschrift
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Cover
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  • 5
    UID:
    gbv_879832983
    Series Statement: Pactos sociales para una protección social más inclusiva: Experiencias, obstáculos y posibilidades en América Latina y Europa. Santiago: CEPAL, 2014-05. LC/L.3820. p. 13-18
    Language: Undetermined
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 6
    UID:
    b3kat_BV041790612
    Format: 277 S. , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: Libros de la CEPAL 111
    Language: Spanish
    Subjects: Political Science
    RVK:
    Author information: Martínez, Rodrigo
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  • 7
    UID:
    gbv_879833106
    Series Statement: Pactos sociales para una protección social más inclusiva: Experiencias, obstáculos y posibilidades en América Latina y Europa. Santiago: CEPAL, 2014-05. LC/L.3820. p. 29-31
    Language: Spanish
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 8
    UID:
    gbv_797603778
    Format: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Policy Research Working Paper 2760
    Content: In recent years foreign bank participation has increased tremendously in Latin America. Some observers argue that foreign bank entry will benefit Latin American banking systems by reducing the volatility of loans and deposits and increasing efficiency. Others are concerned that foreign banks might choose to extend credit only to certain customers, leaving some sectors-such as small businesses-unserved. The authors examine this issue. Using bank-level data for Argentina, Chile, Colombia, and Peru during the mid-1990s, they empirically investigate whether bank origin affects the share and growth rate of bank lending to small businesses. They find that although foreign banks generally lent less to small businesses (as share of total lending) than private domestic banks, the difference is due primarily to the behavior of small foreign banks. The difference was considerably smaller for large and medium-sized banks. And in Chile and Colombia, large foreign banks might actually lend slightly more (as share of total lending) than large domestic banks.
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 9
    UID:
    gbv_175966328X
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Policy Research Working Paper No. 7053
    Content: This paper examines the association between the default risk of foreign bank subsidiaries and their parents during the global financial crisis, with the purpose of understanding what factors can help insulate affiliates from their parents. The paper finds evidence of a significant positive correlation between parent banks' and foreign subsidiaries' default risk. This correlation is lower for subsidiaries that have higher capital, retail deposit funding, and profitability ratios and that are more independently managed from their parents. Host country regulations also influence the extent to which shocks to the parents affect the subsidiaries' default risk. In particular, the correlation between the default risk of the subsidiary and the parent is lower for subsidiaries operating in countries that impose higher capital, reserve, provisioning, and disclosure requirements and tougher restrictions on bank activities
    Note: English , en_US
    Language: Undetermined
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  • 10
    UID:
    gbv_797579338
    Format: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Policy Research Working Paper 6209
    Content: This paper provides the first comprehensive documentation of how firms use domestic and international corporate bond markets. Debt issues in domestic and international markets have different characteristics, not explained by differences across firms or countries. International issues tend to be larger, of shorter maturity, denominated in foreign currency, include more fixed rate contracts, and entail lower yields. These patterns remain when analyzing issues by firms from countries with more developed domestic markets and higher financial integration, and even when comparing issues conducted by the same firm in different markets. These findings are consistent with the views that (1) frictions limit the ability of investors and firms to enter into certain contracts in certain markets, (2) domestic and international markets provide distinct financial services and firms use them as complements, and (3) firms with access to domestic and international markets enjoy advantages relative to those that rely solely on domestic markets.
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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