Kooperativer Bibliotheksverbund

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Umfang: 217 S.

Serie: Meteorological monographs 15, 37

Inhalt: Table of Contents: Preface. - Chapter 1. Introduction: The observational basis. - Chapter 2. The development of dynamical models. - Chapter 3. Baroclinic instability in the stratosphere and mesosphere. - Chapter 4. Forced waves and wave-zonal flow interactions. - Chapter 5. Numerical modelling of the general circulation of the stratosphere and mesosphere. - List of symbols. - Bibliography. - Index.

Anmerkung: MAB0014.001: AWI A8-98-0018 , MAB0014.002: MOP Per 412(15, 37)

In: Meteorological monographs

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Umfang: 319 S.

Serie: International geophysics series 16

Anmerkung: MAB0014.001: MOP 33002/16 , MAB0014.002: MOP B 15410

In: International geophysics series

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ISBN: 0122270908

Anmerkung: MAB0014.001: AWI A1-03-0001

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Umfang: 391 S. : graph. Darst.

Ausgabe: 2. ed

ISBN: 0123543606

Serie: International geophysics series 23

Anmerkung: MAB0014.001: MOP B 19921 , MAB0036: m , MAB0455.001: 23

In: International geophysics series

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Umfang: X, 489 Seiten , Illustrationen

ISBN: 0120585766

Serie: International geophysics series 40

Anmerkung: MAB0014.001: AWI A6-92-0280 , MAB0014.002: M 08.0207 , Contents: Preface. - Acknowledgements. - Chapter 1 Introduction. - 1.1 The Static Structure of the Middle Atmosphere. - 1.2 Zonal Mean Temperature and Wind Distributions. - 1.3 Composition of the Middle Atmosphere. - 1.4 The Vertical Distribution of Eddy Amplitudes. - 1.5 Observational Techniques. - References. - Chapter 2 Radiative Processes and Remote Sounding. - 2.1 Introduction. - 2.2 Fundamentals. - 2.3 Gaseous Absorption Spectra. - 2.4 Transmission Functions. - 2.5 Infrared Radiative Exchange and Radiative Damping. - 2.6 Departure from Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium. - 2.7 Absorption of Solar Radiation. - 2.8 Radiative Equilibrium Temperature and Heating-Rate Distributions. - 2.9 Remote Sounding. - References. - Chapter 3 Basic Dynamics. - 3.1 Introduction. - 3.2 The Beta-Plane Approximation and Quasi-Geostrophic Theory. - 3.3 The Eulerian-Mean Equations. - 3.4 Linearized Disturbances to Zonal-Mean Flows. - 3.5 The Transformed Eulerian-Mean Equations. - 3.6 The Generalized Eliassen-Palm Theorem and the Charney-Drazin Nonacceleration Theorem. - 3.7 The Lagrangian Approach. - 3.8 Isentropic Coordinates. - 3.9 The Zonal-Mean Equations in Isentropic Coordinates. - Appendix 3A. Derivation of Some Equations in Isentropic Coordinates. - Appendix 3B. Boundary Conditions on the Residual Circulation. - References. - Chapter 4 Linear Wave Theory. - 4.1 Introduction and Classification of Wave Types. - 4.2 Wave Disturbances to a Resting Spherical Atmosphere. - 4.3 Atmospheric Thermal Tides. - 4.4 Free Traveling Planetary Waves. - 4.5 Forced Planetary Waves. - 4.6 Gravity Waves. - 4.7 Equatorial Waves. - Appendix 4A. Ray-Tracing Theory and Wave Action in a Slowly Varying Medium. - References. - Chapter 5 Extratropical Planetary-Scale Circulations. - 5.1 Introduction. - 5.2 The Observed Annual Cycle. - 5.3 Detailed Linear Models of Stationary Planetary Waves in the Middle Atmosphere. - 5.4 Detailed Linear Models of Free Traveling Planetary Waves in the Atmosphere. - 5.5 Barotropic and Baroclinic Instability. - 5.6 Planetary-Wave Critical Layers. - References. - Chapter 6 Stratospheric Sudden Warmings. - 6.1 Introduction. - 6.2 Observed Features of Sudden Warmings. - 6.3 Theoretical Modeling of Sudden Warmings. - 6.4 Conclusions. - References. - Chapter 7 The Extratropical Zonal-Mean Circulation. - 7.1 Introduction. - 7.2 Some Simple Zonally Averaged Models of the Middle Atmosphere. - 7.3 The Upper Mesosphere. - 7.4 The Winter Polar Stratosphere. - 7. 5 Interpretation and Generalization. - References. - Chapter 8 Equatorial Circulations. - 8.1 Introduction. - 8.2 The Observed Structure of the Equatorial Quasi-Biennial Oscillation. - 8.3 Theory of the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation. - 8.4 Observed Structure of the Equatorial Semiannual Oscillations. - 8.5 Dynamics of the Equatorial Semiannual Oscillations. - 8.6 Inertial Instability in the Equatorial Zone. - References. - Chapter 9 Tracer Transport in the Middle Atmosphere. - 9.1 Introduction: Types of Tracers. - 9.2 Long-Lived Chemical Tracers. - 9.3 Transport in the Meridional Plane. - 9.4 Formulations of Eddy and Mean-Flow Transport. - 9.5 Dispersive Wave Transport: Irreversible Mixing of Tracers. - 9.6 Troposphere-Stratosphere Exchange. - 9.7 Transport Modeling. - Appendix 9A. The Transformed Eulerian-Mean Transport for Small-Arnplitude Eddies. - References. - Chapter 10 The Ozone Layer. - 10.1 Introduction. - 10.2 The Climatology of Ozone. - 10.3 Elementary Aspects of Photochemical Modeling. - 10.4 Photochemistry of Ozone: Catalytic Cycles. - 10.5 Models of the Natural and Perturbed Ozone Layer. - Appendix 10A. The Continuity Equation for Chemical Species. - References. - Chapter 11 General Circulation Modeling. - 11.1 Models of the Lower Stratosphere. - 11.2 The GFDL SKYHI Model. - 11.3 Forecasting of Sudden Stratospheric Warmings. - 11.4 Transport Modeling. - References. - Chapter 12 Interaction between the Middle Atmosphere and the Lower Atmosphere. - 12.1 Introduction. - 12.2 Radiative Links: Deductions from Simple Models. - 12.3 Radiative Links: Deductions from GCMs. - 12.4 Dynamical Links: Vertically Propagating Planetary Waves. - 12.5 Interannual Variability in the Stratosphere. - References. - Bibliography. - Index.

In: International geophysics series, Vol. 40

Sprache: Englisch

Schlagwort(e): Lehrbuch

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Umfang: XLII, Seiten 1407-1824 , Illustrationen

ISBN: 0122270940 , 0-12-227090-8

Anmerkung: MAB0014.001: AWI A1-03-0001(4) , Contents Volume 4 NOCTILUCENT CLOUDS / G.E. Thomas NORTH ATLANTIC AND ARCTIC OSCILLATION (See CLIMATE VARIABILITY: North Atlantic and Arctic Oscillation) NUMERICAL MODELS Chemistry Models / M.P. Chipperfield Methods / J. Thuburn OBSERVATION PLATFORMS Balloons / J.-P. Pommereau Buoys / J.M. Hemsley Kites / B.B. Balsley Rockets / M.F. Larsen OBSERVATIONS FOR CHEMISTRY (IN SITU) Chemiluminescent Techniques / C.A. Cantrell Gas Chromatography / A.C. Lewis Ozone Sondes / H.G.J. Smit Particles / T. Deshler Resonance Fluorescence / L.M. Avallone Water Vapor Sondes / E. Weinstock, E. Hintsa OBSERVATIONS FOR CHEMISTRY (REMOTE SENSING) IR/FIR / H. Fischer, F. Hase Lidar / G- Vaughan Microwave / J. Waters OCEAN CIRCULATION General Processes / N.C. Wells Surface-Wind-Driven Circulation / P. Bogden, C.A. Edwards Thermohaline Circulation / J.R. Toggweiler, R.M..Key Water Types and Water Masses / W.J. Emery OPERATIONAL METEOROLOGY / J.V. Cortinas Jr, W. Blier OPTICS, ATMOSPHERIC Airglow Instrumentation / M. Conde Optical Phenomena / S.D. Gedzelman Optical Remote Sensing Instruments / G.G. Shepherd OROGRAPHIC EFFECTS Lee Cyclogenesis / C. Schär Mountain Waves and Stratospheric Chemistry / K.S. Carslaw OZONE (See also SATELLITE REMOTE SENSING: TOMS Ozone) OZONE Ozone as a UV Filter / J.E. Frederick Ozone Depletion / J.A. Pyle Ozone Depletion Potentials / D.J. Wuebbles Photochemistry of Ozone / A.R. Ravishankara Role in Climate / P. Forster Surface Ozone (Human Health) / M. Lippmann Surface Ozone Effects on Vegetation / M.R. Ashmore PALEOCLIMATOLOGY Ice Cores / E.J. Steig Varves / A. Weinheimer, F. Biondi PALMER DROUGHT INDEX / L.C. Nkemdirim PARAMETERIZATION OF PHYSICAL PROCESSES Clouds / C. Jakob, M. Miller Gravity Wave Fluxes / M.J. Alexander Turbulence and Mixing / A. Beljaars PERMAFROST / T.E. Osterkamp, C.R. Burn PLANETARY ATMOSPHERES (See also EVOLUTION OF ATMOSPHERIC OXYGEN; EVOLUTION OF EARTH'S ATMOSPHERE) PLANETARY ATMOSPHERES Jupiter and the Outer Planets / A.P. Showman Mars / R.M. Haberle Venus / P.J. Gierasch, Y.L. Yung POLAR LOWS / I.A. Renfrew POLAR THERMOSPHERE / A.G. Burns, T.L. Killeen PREDICTABILITY AND CHAOS / L.A. Smith QUASI-GEOSTROPHIC THEORY / H.C. Davies, H. Wernli RADAR Cloud Radar / T. Uttal Doppler Radar / R.J. Doviak, M.E. Frazier Doviak Incoherent Scatter Radar / M.P. Sulzer Meteor Radar / N.J. Mitchell

In: Encyclopedia of atmospheric sciences, Volume 4

Sprache: Englisch

Schlagwort(e): Wörterbuch

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Umfang: XLII, Seiten 1825-2241 , Illustrationen, Karten

ISBN: 0122270959 , 0-12-227095-9

Anmerkung: MAB0014.001: AWI A1-03-0001(5) , Contents Volume 5 RADAR MST and ST Radars and Wind Profilers / R.F. Woodman Precipitation Radar / S.E. Yuter Synthetic Aperture Radar (Land Surface Applications) / R.K. Vincent RADIATION (SOLAR) / Q. Fu RADIATIVE TRANSFER Absorption and Thermal Emission / R. Goody, H. Hu Cloud-Radiative Processes / Q. Fu Non-Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium / F.W. Taylor, M. Lopez-Puertas Scattering / M. Mishchenko, L. Travis, A. Lacis RADIOACTIVITY Cosmogenic Radionuclides / D. Lal RADIOSONDES / W.F. Dabberdt, R. Shellhorn, H. Cole, A. Paukkunen, J. Horhammer, V. Antikainen RAINBOWS (See OPTICS, ATMOSPHERIC: Optical Phenomena) REFLECTANCE AND ALBEDO, SURFACE / J.A. Coakley ROSSBY WAVES / P.B. Rhines SATELLITE REMOTE SENSING Aerosol Measurements / Y.J. Kaufman, D. Tanre Cloud Properties / P. Yang, B.A. Baum GPS Meteorology / S.B. Healy Precipitation / Guosheng Liu Surface Wind / W.T. Liu Temperature Soundings / A. Dudhia TOMS Ozone / R.S. Stolarski, R.D. McPeters Water Vapor / J.E. Harries Wind, Middle Atmosphere / P.B. Hays, W.R. Skinner SATELLITES Orbits / S.Q. Kidder Research (Atmospheric Science) / M.D. King, D.D. Herring SEA ICE / W.F. Weeks SEVERE STORMS / C.A. Doswell III SNOW (SURFACE) / M. Sturm SOLAR TERRESTRIAL INTERACTIONS / J.D. Haigh SOLAR WINDS / S.T. Suess, B.T. Tsurutani SOLITARY WAVES / J.P. Boyd SOOT / P. Chylek, S.G. Jennings, R. Pinnick SPECTRAL MODELS / F. Baer STANDARD ATMOSPHERE / W.W. Vaughan STATIC STABILITY / J.A. Young STATIONARY WAVES (OROGRAPHIC AND THERMALLY FORCED) / S. Nigam, E. De Weaver STRATOSPHERE-TROPOSPHERE EXCHANGE Global Aspects / J.R. Holton Local Processes / J.F. Lamarque, P. Hess STRATOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND COMPOSITION Overview / J.A. Pyle Halogen Sources, Anthropogenic / A. McCulloch, P.M. Midgley Halogen Sources, Natural / J.H. Butler Halogens / D. Toohey HOx / T.F. Hanisco Hydrogen Budget / J.E. Harries Hydroxyl Radical / D.E. Heard Reactive Nitrogen (NOx and NOy) / Y. Kondo STRATOSPHERIC OZONE RECOVERY / D.J. Hofmann STRATOSPHERIC WATER VAPOR / J.E. Harries SURFACE LAYER MEASUREMENTS OF TURBULENCE / N.O. Jensen SYNOPTIC METEOROLOGY Forecasting / D. Mansfield Weather Maps / R. Reynolds

In: Encyclopedia of atmospheric sciences, Volume 5

Sprache: Englisch

Schlagwort(e): Wörterbuch

UID:

Umfang: X, 511 S. , Ill., graph. Darst.

Ausgabe: 3rd ed.

ISBN: 012354355X

Serie: International geophysics series 48

Anmerkung: MAB0014.001: AWI A6-92-0277 , MAB0014.002: PIK N 455-92-0599 , MAB0014.003: PIK N 455-00-0200 , MAB0014.004: PIK N 455-00-0523 , Contents: Preface. - 1. Introduction. - 1.1 The atmospheric continuum. - 1.2 Physical dimensions and units. - 1.3 Scale analysis. - 1.4 The fundamental forces. - 1.5 Nininertial reference frames and "apparent" forces. - 1.6 Structure of the static atmosphere. - Problems. - Suggested references. - 2. The basic conservation laws. - 2.1 Total differentiation. - 2.2 The vectorial form of the momentum equation in rotating coordinates. - 2.3 The component equations in spherical coodinates. - 2.4 Scale analysis of the equations of motion. - 2.5 The continuity equation. - 2.6 The thermodynamic energy equation. - 2.7 Thermodynamics of the dry atmosphere. - Problems. - Suggested references. - 3. Elementary applications of the basic equations. - Chapter 3 Elementary Applications of the Basic Equations. - 3.1 The Basic Equations in Isobaric Coordinates. - 3.2 Balanced Flow. - 3.3 Trajectories and Streamlines. - 3.4 The Thermal Wind. - 3.5 Vertical Motion. - 3. 6 Surface Pressure Tendency. - Problems. - 4 Circulation and Vorticity. - 4.1 The Circulation Theorem. - 4.2 Vorticity. - 4.3 Potential Vorticity. - 4.4 The Vorticity Equation. - 4.5 The Barotropic (Rossby) Potential Vorticity Equation. - 4.6 The Baroclinic (Ertel) Potential Vorticity Equation. - Problems. - Suggested References. - 5 The Planetary Boundary Layer. - 5.1 Atmospheric Turbulence. - 5.2 Turbulent Kinetic Energy. - 5.3 Planetary Boundary Layer Momentum Equations. - 5.4 Secondary Circulations and Spin-Down. - Problems. - Suggested References. - 6 Synoptic-Scale Motions 1: Quasi-geostrophic Analysis. - 6.1 The Observed Structure of Extratropical CircuIations. - 6.2 The Quasi-geostrophic Approximation. - 6.3 Quasi-geostrophic Prediction. - 6.4 Diagnosis of Vertical Motion. - 6.5 Idealized Model of a Baroclinic Disturbance. - Problems. - Suggested References. - 7 Atmospheric Oscillations: Linear Perturbation Theory. - 7.1 The Perturbation Method. - 7.2 Properties of Waves. - 7.3 Simple Wave Types. - 7.4 Internal Gravity (Buoyancy) Waves. - 7.5 Inertio-gravity Waves. - 7.6 Adjustment to Geostrophic Balance. - 7.7 Rossby Waves. - Problems. - Suggested References. - 8 Synoptic-Scale Motions II: Baroclinic Instability. - 8.1 Hydrodynamic Instability. - 8.2 Baroclinic Instability: A Two-Layer Model. - 8.3 The Energetics of Baroclinic Waves. - 8.4 Baroclinic Instability of a Continuously Stratified Atmosphere. - Problems. - Suggested References. - 9 Mesoscale Circulations. - 9.1 Energy Sources for Mesoscale Circulations. - 9.2 Fronts and Frontogenesis. - 9.3 Symmetric Instability. - 9.4 Mountain Waves. - 9.5 Cumulus Convection. - 9.6 Convective Storms. - 9.7 Hurricanes. - Problems. - Suggested References. - 10 The General Circulation. - 10.1 The Nature of the Problem. - 10.2 The Zonally Averaged Circulation. - 10.3 The Angular Momentum Budget. - 10.4 The Lorenz Energy Cycle. - 10.5 Longitudinally Dependent Time-Averaged Flow. - 10.6 Low-Frequency Variability. - 10.7 Laboratory Simulation of the General Circulation. - 10.8 Numerical Simulation of the General Circulation. - Problems. - Suggested References. - 11 Tropical Dynamics. - 11.1 The Observed Structure of Large-Scale Tropical Circulations. - 11.2 Scale Analysis of Large-Scale Tropical Motions. - 11.3 Condensation Heating. - 11.4 Equatorial Wave Theory. - 11.5 Steady Forced Equatorial Motions. - Problems. - Suggested References. - 12 Middle Atmosphere Dynamics. - 12.1 Structure and Circulation of the Middle Atmosphere. - 12.2 The Zonal Mean Circulation of the Middle Atmosphere. - 12.3 Venically Propagating Planetary Waves. - 12.4 Sudden Stratospheric Warmings. - 12.5 Waves in the Equatorial Stratosphere. - 12.6 The Quasi-biennial Oscillation. - 12.7 The Ozone Layer. - Problems. - Suggested References. - 13 Numerical Modeling and Prediction. - 13.1 Historical Background. - 13.2 Filtering Meteorological Noise. - 13.3 The Finite Difference Method. - 13.4 The Barotropic Vonicity Equation in Finite Differences. - 13.5 The Spectral Method. - 13.6 Primitive Equation Models. - 13.7 Data Assimilation. - 13.8 Predictability. - Problems. - Suggested References. - Appendix A Useful Constants and Parameters. - Appendix B List of Symbols. - Appendix C Vector Analysis. - Appendix D Equivalent Potential Temperature. - Appendix E Standard Atmosphere Data. - ANSWERS TO SELECTED PROBLEMS. - BIBLIOGRAPHY. - INDEX. - INTERNATIONAL GEOPHYSICS SERIES

In: International geophysics series

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Umfang: XII, 535 S. + CD , Ill., graph. Darst. , 1 CD-ROM

Ausgabe: 4. ed

ISBN: 0123540151 , 0-12-354016-X

Serie: International geophysics series; 88

Anmerkung: MAB0014.001: PIK N 455-07-0046 , MAB0036: m , MAB0517.001: Literaturverz.

In: International geophysics series