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  • The Company of Biologists  (5)
  • Biodiversity Research  (5)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A dual role for homothorax in inhibiting wing blade development and specifying proximal wing identities in Drosophila
    The Company of Biologists ; 2000
    In:  Development Vol. 127, No. 7 ( 2000-04-01), p. 1499-1508
    Details
    In: Development, The Company of Biologists, Vol. 127, No. 7 ( 2000-04-01), p. 1499-1508
    Abstract: The Drosophila wing imaginal disc gives rise to three body parts along the proximo-distal (P-D) axis: the wing blade, the wing hinge and the mesonotum. Development of the wing blade initiates along part of the dorsal/ventral (D/V) compartment boundary and requires input from both the Notch and wingless (wg) signal transduction pathways. In the wing blade, wg activates the gene vestigial (vg), which is required for the wing blade to grow. wg is also required for hinge development, but wg does not activate vg in the hinge, raising the question of what target genes are activated by wg to generate hinge structures. Here we show that wg activates the gene homothorax (hth) in the hinge and that hth is necessary for hinge development. Further, we demonstrate that hth also limits where along the D/V compartment boundary wing blade development can initiate, thus helping to define the size and position of the wing blade within the disc epithelium. We also show that the gene teashirt (tsh), which is coexpressed with hth throughout most of wing disc development, collaborates with hth to repress vg and block wing blade development. Our results suggest that tsh and hth block wing blade development by repressing some of the activities of the Notch pathway at the D/V compartment boundary.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0950-1991 , 1477-9129
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1242/dev.127.7.1499
    Language: English
    Publisher: The Company of Biologists
    Publication Date: 2000
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2007916-3
    SSG: 12
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Regulation of Hox target genes by a DNA bound Homothorax/Hox/Extradenticle complex
    The Company of Biologists ; 1999
    In:  Development Vol. 126, No. 22 ( 1999-11-15), p. 5137-5148
    Details
    In: Development, The Company of Biologists, Vol. 126, No. 22 ( 1999-11-15), p. 5137-5148
    Abstract: To regulate their target genes, the Hox proteins of Drosophila often bind to DNA as heterodimers with the homeodomain protein Extradenticle (EXD). For EXD to bind DNA, it must be in the nucleus, and its nuclear localization requires a third homeodomain protein, Homothorax (HTH). Here we show that a conserved N-terminal domain of HTH directly binds to EXD in vitro, and is sufficient to induce the nuclear localization of EXD in vivo. However, mutating a key DNA binding residue in the HTH homeodomain abolishes many of its in vivo functions. HTH binds to DNA as part of a HTH/Hox/EXD trimeric complex, and we show that this complex is essential for the activation of a natural Hox target enhancer. Using a dominant negative form of HTH we provide evidence that similar complexes are important for several Hox- and exd-mediated functions in vivo. These data suggest that Hox proteins often function as part of a multiprotein complex, composed of HTH, Hox, and EXD proteins, bound to DNA.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0950-1991 , 1477-9129
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1242/dev.126.22.5137
    Language: English
    Publisher: The Company of Biologists
    Publication Date: 1999
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2007916-3
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Biochemical characterization of isolated CHO cell mitotic spindles: identification of calmodulin-binding proteins
    The Company of Biologists ; 1987
    In:  Journal of Cell Science Vol. 87, No. 5 ( 1987-06-01), p. 643-649
    Details
    In: Journal of Cell Science, The Company of Biologists, Vol. 87, No. 5 ( 1987-06-01), p. 643-649
    Abstract: Mitotic spindles were isolated from Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and examined morphologically and biochemically. The isolated spindles were observed to be intact structures containing associated chromosomes and were surrounded by a cage of vimentin-containing filaments. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of isolated spindles versus whole cell homogenates indicated that isolated spindles were free from significant cytoplasmic contamination and contained tubulin, actin, vimentin and an 80×103Mr quadrapeptide as their major protein constituents. Five calmodulin-binding proteins with molecular weights of 200, 160, 130, 60 and 52(×103) Mr were identified within isolated spindles. These calmodulin-binding proteins may be involved in regulating microtubule organization and depolymerization during karyokinesis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-9533 , 1477-9137
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1242/jcs.87.5.643
    Language: English
    Publisher: The Company of Biologists
    Publication Date: 1987
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 219171-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1483099-1
    SSG: 12
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Endocytic turnover of Rab8 controls cell polarization
    The Company of Biologists ; 2017
    In:  Journal of Cell Science
    Details
    In: Journal of Cell Science, The Company of Biologists
    Abstract: Adaptation of cell shape and polarization through the formation and retraction of cellular protrusions requires balancing of endo- and exocytosis combined with fine-tuning of the local activity of small GTPases like Rab8. Here, we show that endocytic turnover of the plasma membrane at protrusions is directly coupled to surface removal and inactivation of Rab8. Removal is induced by reduced membrane tension and mediated by the GTPase regulator associated with focal adhesion kinase-1 (GRAF1), a regulator of clathrin independent endocytosis. GRAF1-depleted cells were deficient in multi-directional spreading and displayed elevated levels of GTP-loaded Rab8, which was accumulated at the tips of static protrusions. Furthermore, GRAF1 depletion impaired lumen formation and spindle orientation in a 3D cell culture system, indicating that GRAF1 activity regulates polarity establishment. Our data suggest that GRAF1-mediated removal of Rab8 from the cell surface restricts its activity during protrusion formation, thereby facilitating dynamic adjustment of the polarity axis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1477-9137 , 0021-9533
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1242/jcs.195420
    Language: English
    Publisher: The Company of Biologists
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 219171-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1483099-1
    SSG: 12
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Experience-dependent tuning of early olfactory processing in the adult honey bee, Apis mellifera
    The Company of Biologists ; 2019
    In:  Journal of Experimental Biology
    Details
    In: Journal of Experimental Biology, The Company of Biologists
    Abstract: Experience-dependent plasticity in the central nervous system allows an animal to adapt its responses to stimuli over different time scales. In this study we explored the impacts of adult foraging experience on early olfactory processing by comparing naturally foraging honey bees, Apis mellifera, to those that experienced a chronic reduction in adult foraging experience. We placed age-matched sets of sister honey bees into two different olfactory conditions, in which animals were allowed to forage ad libitum. In one condition, we restricted foraging experience by placing honey bees in a tent in which both sucrose and pollen resources were associated with a single odor. In the second condition, honey bees were allowed to forage freely and therefore encounter a diversity of naturally occurring resource-associated olfactory experiences. We found that honey bees with restricted foraging experiences had altered antennal lobe development. We measured the glomerular responses to odors using calcium imaging in the antennal lobe, and found that natural olfactory experience also enhanced the inter-individual variation in glomerular response profiles to odors. Additionally, we found that honey bees with adult restricted foraging experience did not distinguish relevant components of an odor mixture in a behavioral assay as did their freely foraging siblings. This study highlights the impacts of individual experience on early olfactory processing at multiple levels.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1477-9145 , 0022-0949
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1242/jeb.206748
    Language: English
    Publisher: The Company of Biologists
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1482461-9
    SSG: 12
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