In:
Forensic Toxicology, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 39, No. 1 ( 2021-01), p. 73-88
Abstract:
The aim of this study was to identify in vivo phase I metabolites of five psychoactive substances: N -ethylpentylone, ethylone, methylone, α-PVP and 4-CDC, using the in house developed experimental set-up zebrafish ( Danio rerio ) water tank (ZWT). High-resolution mass spectrometry allowed for metabolite identification. A pilot study of reference standard collection of N -ethylpentylone from the water tank was conducted. Methods ZWT consisted in 8 fish placed in a 200 mL recipient-containing water for a single cathinone. Experiments were performed in triplicate. Water tank samples were collected after 8 h and pretreated through solid-phase extraction. Separation and accurate-mass spectra of metabolites were obtained using liquid chromatography–high resolution tandem mass spectrometry. Results Phase I metabolites of α-PVP were identified, which were formed involving ketone reduction, hydroxylation, and 2″-oxo-pyrrolidine formation. The lactam derivative was the major metabolite observed for α-PVP in ZWT. N -Ethylpentylone and ethylone were transformed into phase I metabolites involving reduction, hydroxylation, and dealkylation. 4-CDC was transformed into phase I metabolites, reported for the first time, involving N -dealkylation, N , N -bis-dealkylation and reduction of the ketone group, the last one being the most intense after 8 h of the experiment. Conclusions ZWT model indicated to be very useful to study the metabolism of the synthetic cathinones, such as N -ethylpentylone, ethylone, α-PVP and 4-CDC. Methylone seems to be a potent CYP450 inhibitor in zebrafish. More experiments are needed to better evaluate this issue. Finally, this approach was quite simple, straightforward, extremely low cost, and fast for “human-like” metabolic studies of synthetic cathinones.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1860-8965
,
1860-8973
DOI:
10.1007/s11419-020-00543-w
Language:
English
Publisher:
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Publication Date:
2021
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2234828-1
SSG:
2,1
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