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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Variation in received level from man-made low-frequency underwater noise sources as a function of diving animal depth
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 1993
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 94, No. 3_Supplement ( 1993-09-01), p. 1850-1850
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 94, No. 3_Supplement ( 1993-09-01), p. 1850-1850
    Abstract: Interest in the effects of low-frequency ( & lt;1 kHz man-made noise on marine wildlife highlights the need for accurate knowledge of the spatial distribution of noise levels within a given wildlife habitat. These levels can vary significantly, particularly with respect to depth within the water column. For diving animals, the ability to measure or predict this variation with depth is a necessary factor in assessing the net impact of that noise; i.e., one needs to perform a convolution of diving patterns (depth as a function of time) with the noise pattern as a function of time and depth. Recent advances in range dependent acoustic propagation modeling allow for the ability to predict with some accuracy the transmission loss from a known source of noise as a function of source characteristics (directivity, sound spectrum, location, and depth) to any given location in a hypothetical habitat. Several examples are presented that illustrate how these models might be used to evaluate the net impact of a passing noise source on pelagic whale species. [Work supported by ONR.]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.407691
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 1993
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Considerations for designing underwater acoustical playback experiments
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 1994
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 96, No. 5_Supplement ( 1994-11-01), p. 3316-3317
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 96, No. 5_Supplement ( 1994-11-01), p. 3316-3317
    Abstract: The continued high interest in the effects of man-made sounds on marine wildlife has resulted in increased use of playback experiments. In such experiments, the intent is often to simulate a larger more powerful source of sound, e.g., a drill ship, with a playback of a recording, but using a small portable source system such as a J-11 to play the sound back. Simulation accuracy is assumed to be met in these playbacks if the receive level of the sound at the animals being observed is the same as they would be exposed to by the full scale source. To achieve this same receive level the playback source must often be moved to within short range of the animals. The purpose of this paper is to identify and discuss those components of the actual full scale exposure that may not be accurately simulated in an experiment where sound level at the animal is the only control variable. Components examined include the temporal, spectral, and spatial properties of the noise field, as well as the relative motion of animal and source with emphasis on the highly variable nature of the noise field at short playback ranges. Recommendations are made to assist experimental designers in developing more accurate simulations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.410748
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 1994
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Mouse model implicates GNB3 duplication in a childhood obesity syndrome
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2013
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 110, No. 37 ( 2013-09-10), p. 14990-14994
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 110, No. 37 ( 2013-09-10), p. 14990-14994
    Abstract: Obesity is a highly heritable condition and a risk factor for other diseases, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and cancer. Recently, genomic copy number variation (CNV) has been implicated in cases of early onset obesity that may be comorbid with intellectual disability. Here, we describe a recurrent CNV that causes a syndrome associated with intellectual disability, seizures, macrocephaly, and obesity. This unbalanced chromosome translocation leads to duplication of over 100 genes on chromosome 12, including the obesity candidate gene G protein β3 ( GNB3 ). We generated a transgenic mouse model that carries an extra copy of GNB3 , weighs significantly more than its wild-type littermates, and has excess intraabdominal fat accumulation. GNB3 is highly expressed in the brain, consistent with G-protein signaling involved in satiety and/or metabolism. These functional data connect GNB3 duplication and overexpression to elevated body mass index and provide evidence for a genetic syndrome caused by a recurrent CNV.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1305999110
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 209104-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461794-8
    SSG: 11
    SSG: 12
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Genetic Influences on Cost-Efficient Organization of Human Cortical Functional Networks
    Society for Neuroscience ; 2011
    In:  The Journal of Neuroscience Vol. 31, No. 9 ( 2011-03-02), p. 3261-3270
    Details
    In: The Journal of Neuroscience, Society for Neuroscience, Vol. 31, No. 9 ( 2011-03-02), p. 3261-3270
    Abstract: The human cerebral cortex is a complex network of functionally specialized regions interconnected by axonal fibers, but the organizational principles underlying cortical connectivity remain unknown. Here, we report evidence that one such principle for functional cortical networks involves finding a balance between maximizing communication efficiency and minimizing connection cost, referred to as optimization of network cost-efficiency. We measured spontaneous fluctuations of the blood oxygenation level-dependent signal using functional magnetic resonance imaging in healthy monozygotic (16 pairs) and dizygotic (13 pairs) twins and characterized cost-efficient properties of brain network functional connectivity between 1041 distinct cortical regions. At the global network level, 60% of the interindividual variance in cost-efficiency of cortical functional networks was attributable to additive genetic effects. Regionally, significant genetic effects were observed throughout the cortex in a largely bilateral pattern, including bilateral posterior cingulate and medial prefrontal cortices, dorsolateral prefrontal and superior parietal cortices, and lateral temporal and inferomedial occipital regions. Genetic effects were stronger for cost-efficiency than for other metrics considered, and were more clearly significant in functional networks operating in the 0.09–0.18 Hz frequency interval than at higher or lower frequencies. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that brain networks evolved to satisfy competitive selection criteria of maximizing efficiency and minimizing cost, and that optimization of network cost-efficiency represents an important principle for the brain's functional organization.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0270-6474 , 1529-2401
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4858-10.2011
    Language: English
    Publisher: Society for Neuroscience
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1475274-8
    SSG: 12
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