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  • Mobility and traffic research  (565)
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  • Mobility and traffic research  (565)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    New Snapshot Generation Protocol for Travel Time Estimation in a Connected Vehicle Environment
    SAGE Publications ; 2014
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2424, No. 1 ( 2014-01), p. 1-10
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2424, No. 1 ( 2014-01), p. 1-10
    Abstract: Connected vehicle technology offers great potential to improve the safety and the mobility of a transportation system. Probe data collection is one feature of connected vehicle technology in which vehicles collect information such as their location and speed. Probe data could be used to support various traffic management and traveler information applications. This paper presents the novel R 2 protocol, used to collect probe data in a connected vehicle environment. The core principle of R 2 protocol is to collect only vehicle snapshots when a significant change occurs in vehicle speed. Data from a connected vehicle simulation test bed in Boise, Idaho, and a real-world test bed in Oakland County, Michigan, were used to evaluate the proposed protocol. An average speed method and a method with its basis in the reconstruction of vehicle time–speed plots were used to estimate link travel time. Linear regression, cubic spline, and piecewise cubic Hermite interpolation were applied to reconstruct time–speed plots. The proposed R 2 protocol was compared with three existing protocols: fixed 2-s, fixed 4-s, and SAE J2735. The results from the simulation test bed indicated that the R 2 protocol not only outperformed the three protocols in error measurement but also required fewer snapshots to achieve the lower-error value. The snapshots recorded by the R 2 protocol were 30%, 26%, and 4% lower than those recorded by the other three J2735 protocols. The Michigan test bed case study showed that the R 2 protocol produced fewer errors and needed 11% fewer snapshots than the SAE J2735 protocol.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3141/2424-01
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403378-9
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Integrated Incident Decision-Support using Traffic Simulation and Data-Driven Models
    SAGE Publications ; 2018
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2672, No. 42 ( 2018-12), p. 247-256
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2672, No. 42 ( 2018-12), p. 247-256
    Abstract: This paper introduces the framework of an innovative incident management platform with the main objective of providing decision-support and situation awareness for transport management purposes on a real-time basis. The logic of the platform is to detect and then classify incidents into two types: recurrent and non-recurrent, based on their frequency and characteristics. Under this logic, recurrent incidents trigger the data-driven machine learning module which can predict and analyze the incident impact, in order to facilitate informed decisions for transport management operators. Non-recurrent incidents activate the simulation module, which then evaluates quantitatively the performance of candidate response plans in parallel. The simulation output is used for choosing the most appropriate response plan for incident management. The current platform uses a data processing module to integrate complementary data sets, for the purpose of improving modeling outputs. Two real-world case studies are presented: 1) for recurrent incident management using a data-driven model, and 2) for non-recurrent incident management using traffic simulation with parallel scenario evaluation. The case studies demonstrate the viability of the proposed incident management framework, which provides an integrated approach for real-time incident decision-support on large-scale networks.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0361198118782270
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403378-9
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Bayesian Global Optimization Gated Recurrent Unit Model for Human-Driven Vehicle Lane-Change Trajectory Prediction Considering Hyperparameter Optimization
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications
    Abstract: To address the low accuracy and inefficiency of current lane-change trajectory prediction methods for human-driven vehicles, this study develops a neural network lane-change trajectory prediction model with hyperparametric optimization capability using Bayesian optimization and gated recurrent units to consider the effect of lane-change intention on vehicle lane-change behavior and to predict it. The proposed model was instantiated using trajectory data of 8,721 vehicles. The results show that the overall recognition accuracy of intention recognition under the optimal input is 93.54%, and the recognition accuracy of keeping straight, left lane-change and right lane-change is 95.59%, 91.72%, and 93.30%, respectively. The root mean square errors of the predicted and actual trajectories to the left and to the right under the optimal input are 0.2582 and 0.2957, respectively. This paper demonstrates that, for the intention recognition module, the low-dimensional input enables the model to obtain high prediction accuracy, while for the trajectory prediction module, the high-latitude input enables the model to obtain a low prediction error. The developed trajectory prediction model can be used to assist in driving decision-making, path planning, and so forth.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/03611981231182390
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403378-9
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Households’ Intended Evacuation Transportation Behavior in Response to Earthquake and Tsunami Hazard in a Cascadia Subduction Zone City
    SAGE Publications ; 2020
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2674, No. 7 ( 2020-07), p. 99-114
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2674, No. 7 ( 2020-07), p. 99-114
    Abstract: Earthquakes along the Cascadia subduction zone would generate a local tsunami that could arrive at coastlines within minutes. Few studies provide empirical evidence to understand the potential behaviors of local residents during this emergency. To fill this knowledge gap, this study examines residents’ perceptions and intended evacuation behaviors in response to an earthquake and tsunami, utilizing a survey sent to households in Seaside, OR. The results show that the majority of respondents can correctly identify whether their house is inside or outside a tsunami inundation zone. Older respondents are more likely to identify this correctly regardless of any previous disaster evacuation experience or community tenure. The majority of respondents (69%) say they would evacuate in the event of a tsunami. Factors influencing this choice include age, motor ability, access to transportation, and trust in infrastructure resiliency or traffic conditions. While the City of Seaside actively promotes evacuation by foot, 38% of respondents still state they would use a motor vehicle to evacuate. Females and older respondents are more likely to evacuate by foot. Respondents with both higher confidence in their knowledge of disaster evacuation and higher income are more likely to indicate less time needed to evacuate than others. Generally, respondents are more likely to lead rather than follow during an evacuation, especially respondents who report being more prepared for an evacuation and who have a higher perceived risk. This study showcases a unique effort at empirically analyzing human tsunami evacuation lead or follow choice behavior.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0361198120920873
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403378-9
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Study on Stability of Excavation Surface of Shield Tunnel in Clay Layer
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications
    Abstract: If an excavation surface becomes unstable, it will cause damage such as soil collapse or surface uplift. Through field investigations and tests, the stability of the shield tunnel excavation surface and its influencing factors are studied in this paper. Equations for solving the limit support pressure of the excavation surface of the overlying multilayer soil tunnel and for the safety factor of the excavation surface are deduced. The single reduction method and the double reduction method are respectively used to solve the safety factor of the excavation face under the basic working conditions, and the numerical simulation method of the safety factor of the excavation face is clarified. Based on FLAC3D numerical simulation software, the ultimate support pressure and safety factor were used as the evaluation criteria for the stability of the excavation face to analyze the response of objective factors such as internal friction angle and cohesion, as well as engineering factors such as hole diameter to the stability of the excavation face. The greater the internal friction angle and cohesion, the smaller the hole diameter, the more stable the excavation surface, and the internal friction angle has the greatest impact on the stability of the excavation surface.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/03611981231169281
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403378-9
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effects of Hours of Service and Driving Patterns on Motor Carrier Crashes
    SAGE Publications ; 2012
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2281, No. 1 ( 2012-01), p. 119-127
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2281, No. 1 ( 2012-01), p. 119-127
    Abstract: There is a need to explore the relationship, if any, between the probability of a crash and the hours worked by truck drivers. The need arises from the continued adjustment of federal hours of service regulations for truck drivers. This research used data logs from less-than-truckload carrier operations in 2004 to 2005 and in 2010 to estimate the probability of a crash after a certain amount of time spent driving, given no crashes until that time. Driver logs for 7 days before each crash were used and compared with a random sample (two drivers) of drivers who did not crash and were selected from the same company, terminal, and month. This study involved 686 subjects, including 224 crash-involved drivers. Discrete-time survival analysis models indicated a consistent increase in crash odds as driving time increased beyond the fourth hour. Breaks from driving reduced crash odds by as much as 50% compared with situations of drivers with no breaks. Crash odds were lowest when drivers returned to work during the day without an immediately preceding extended recovery period (but with at least minimum required off-duty time). Drivers returning to work immediately after a 34-h recovery period had crash odds 50% to 150% higher than those for drivers without the recovery immediately before a trip. Drivers had the highest crash odds immediately after returning from the extended time off; the effect then diminished with time.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3141/2281-15
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2012
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Selecting a Laboratory Loose Mix Aging Protocol for the NCAT Top-Down Cracking Experiment
    SAGE Publications ; 2018
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2672, No. 28 ( 2018-12), p. 359-371
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2672, No. 28 ( 2018-12), p. 359-371
    Abstract: The objective of this study was to select a laboratory loose mix aging protocol for the NCAT top-down cracking (TDC) experiment. Field aging of asphalt mixtures was characterized using cumulative degree-days (CDD), which was defined as the accumulation of daily high temperature throughout mixtures’ service life. Performance data from over 80 existing pavements showed that TDC typically initiated after a critical field aging condition of approximately 70,000 CDD. A laboratory experiment was conducted to select an aging protocol that was representative of this critical CDD. Materials used in the experiment were from five projects in Michigan, Washington, and Alabama. Four loose mix aging protocols were evaluated in terms of their effects on the rheological and oxidation properties of asphalt binders. Results from the dynamic shear rheometer (DSR), bending beam rheometer (BBR), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) tests showed that the 24-h, 135°C protocol yielded the most significant level of asphalt aging, followed by the 12-h, 135°C protocol, 5-day, 95°C protocol, and 6-h, 135°C protocol, respectively. No significant difference in the oxidation–hardening relationship of asphalt binders was observed for mixes aged at 95°C versus 135°C. Among the four aging protocols, the 5-day, 95°C protocol was most representative of 70,000 CDD of field aging. Additionally, DSR and FT-IR results indicated that loose mix aging of 8-h at 135°C and 5 days at 95°C were likely to achieve an equivalent aging level; thus, the 8-h, 135°C protocol was recommended as an alternative protocol to simulate 70,000 CDD of field aging.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0361198118790639
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403378-9
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Interfleet and Intrafleet Models for Crew Recovery Problems
    SAGE Publications ; 2013
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2336, No. 1 ( 2013-01), p. 75-82
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2336, No. 1 ( 2013-01), p. 75-82
    Abstract: This paper investigates the intrafleet and interfleet models for the solution of crew recovery problems during irregular airline operations. The intrafleet model groups crew members together and assigns them to flights in the same fleet. The interfleet model splits crew groups and reassigns them to flights across different fleets. Both models belong to the set covering problems with side constraints; however, the former is a 0–1 set covering problem whereas the latter is a general set covering problem. The models exhibit different computational characteristics. Various solution approaches are discussed, and a simulated annealing algorithm is developed for models that are difficult to solve. Computational results using data from a major airline show that the algorithm is able to provide effective and efficient solutions. These results also show that the intrafleet model, though widely used by airlines in practice, limits the solution space and can lead to inferior solutions. The interfleet model offers better recovery solutions for airlines under irregular operations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3141/2336-09
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2013
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Experimental Features and Characteristics of Speed Dispersion in Urban Freeway Traffic
    SAGE Publications ; 2007
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 1999, No. 1 ( 2007-01), p. 150-160
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 1999, No. 1 ( 2007-01), p. 150-160
    Abstract: Characteristics of speed dispersion in urban freeway traffic are presented. Two definitions of speed dispersion are proposed: the standard deviation of the individual speeds and the average speed difference of two neighboring vehicles. On the basis of the definitions, traffic data obtained from two urban freeways in China are studied, and different characteristics of speed dispersion are found in four substates of traffic flow, which correspond to four regions in the empirical fundamental diagram. In the bunching state of congested traffic, the flow rate decreases with an increase in speed dispersion at a given mean speed. In the bunching state of fluid traffic, the speed dispersion of traffic flow is small, and in the free state of fluid traffic, speed dispersion is distributed in a disorderly manner in a wide range. Such phenomena are more remarkable under the definition of the average speed difference for speed dispersion. In addition, some possible explanations are presented for the characteristics of speed dispersion in each traffic substate. These speed dispersion studies provide a new approach for microscopic modeling and understanding of traffic flow characteristics.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3141/1999-16
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403378-9
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effect of Rubber Deposits on Runway Pavement Friction Characteristics
    SAGE Publications ; 2008
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2068, No. 1 ( 2008-01), p. 119-125
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2068, No. 1 ( 2008-01), p. 119-125
    Abstract: This purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effect of rubber deposits on pavement friction characteristics on the basis of macroscopic and microscopic measurements. Runway pavement sections at the Kaohsiung (Taiwan) International Airport were chosen for field and laboratory testing over a 16-month period. In the first step of the field testing, the monthly variation in friction was established by using the Saab surface friction tester (SFT) and British pendulum testing. In the second step, macro-texture measurements were made by the grease patch method. The last step of field testing was to take samples of rubber deposits for laboratory analyses by optical microscope and scanning electron microscopy. Results showed that rubber deposits had strong effects on runway surface friction. An aircraft landing appeared to result in an increase in the thickness of rubber deposits by approximately 0.05 μm. The microstructure of rubber deposits was shown to be accumulated by the directional distribution of multiple layers of polymer scale. The friction value measured in the backward direction was higher than that measured in the forward direction. The rate of decrease in the SFT friction value was found to be about 0.05 for an increase in rubber thickness of 0.1 mm.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3141/2068-13
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2008
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