Kooperativer Bibliotheksverbund

UID:

Format: 1 online resource (632 pages)

Edition: 1st ed.

ISBN: 9781040017234

Content: The Second International Conference on Applied Data Science and Smart Systems (ADSSS-2023) was held on 15-16 December 2023 at Chitkara University, Punjab, India.

Additional Edition: Print version: Singh, Jaiteg Applied Data Science and Smart Systems Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis Group,c2024 ISBN 9781032748146

Language: English

Keywords: Electronic books.

URL: Click to View

UID:

Format: 1 online resource (158 pages)

Edition: 1st ed.

ISBN: 9780443238826

Note: Front Cover -- Metabolomics of Bladder Cancer -- Metabolomics of Bladder Cancer An Emerging Application -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributors -- 1 - Contribution of metabolomics in the discovery of biomarker for urinary bladder cancer -- Introduction -- Metabolomics techniques -- LC MS-based metabolomic analysis of human bladder cancer -- Selectivity and sensitivity -- Sample preparation -- Data analysis -- Example -- Multivariate statistical analysis -- NMR-based metabolomics analysis of human bladder cancer -- Sample preparations -- Multivariate pattern recognition and statistical analysis -- Conclusion -- References -- 2 - Role of tobacco on bladder cancer pathways -- Introduction -- Tobacco -- Tobacco products and bladder cancer -- Tobacco smoking -- Second hand smoke -- Smokeless tobacco -- Carcinogenic components of tobacco -- Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons -- Nitrosamines -- Aldehydes -- Others -- Bladder cancer pathways -- Tobacco smoke and aberrant methylation -- Tobacco smoke causes DNA damage and adducts -- Nitrosomine-induced bladder cancer -- Tobacco smoke causes epithelial-mesenchymal transition -- JNK pathway -- Ras pathway -- PI3K-AKT/mTOR pathway -- Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway -- p53 and cell cycle -- Chemoresistance -- Smoking cessation -- Concluding remark and future challenges -- Abbreviations -- References -- 3 - Regulation of glycolysis in bladder cancer -- Introduction -- Role of different glycolytic pathway genes and enzymes in the progression of urinary bladder cancer -- Different strategies to control the regulation of glycolysis in urinary bladder cancer -- A key point of regulation in urinary bladder cancer metabolism is pkm2 -- PKM2 citrullination controls glycolysis and the growth of cancer cells in UBC. , Through the coactivation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α, steroid receptor coactivator-3 controls glucose metabolism in blad ... -- Through the PTEN/PI3K/AKT/mTOR axis, a lentiviral sponge for miRNA-21 reduces aerobic glycolysis in bladder cancer -- Effects of Licochalcone A on the regulation of glycolysis in urinary bladder cancer -- Regulation of glycolysis by the long noncoding RNAs in urinary bladder cancer -- Regulation of glycolysis in bladder cancer by the knockdown of YBX1 factor -- Regulation of glycolysis via managing the expression of lysine deacetylase Sirtuin 1 in urinary bladder cancer -- In bladder cancer, orphan retinoic acid-related receptor C controls glycolysis through the pd-l1/itgb6/stat3 signaling axis -- Targeting various enzymes of glycolytic pathways with the inhibitors for the regulation of glycolysis in bladder cancer -- Through LDHA-dependent glycolysis reprogramming, CDKN3 reverses cisplatin resistance in bladder cancer -- Melatonin reduces the growth of bladder tumors by inhibiting PPAR/ENO1-mediated glycolysis -- Conclusion -- References -- 4 - Metabolism of fatty acid -- Introduction -- Metabolomics and biomarkers -- Fatty acids -- Fatty acids synthesis and oxidation -- Fatty acid oxidation/β-oxidation -- Pathways impacted by altered lipid metabolism in bladder cancer -- Fatty acid-based biomarkers for bladder cancer -- Implications for clinical management -- Future paths and significance of fatty acid metabolomics -- Early and accurate diagnosis -- Personalized treatment strategies -- Therapeutic monitoring and response assessment -- Identification of novel drug targets -- Understanding disease progression and prognosis -- Facilitating research and clinical trials -- Long-term implications for public health -- Preventive interventions -- Population health surveillance -- Precision public health. , Early detection and screening programs -- Data-driven policy making -- Research and development -- Health education and awareness -- Conclusion -- References -- 5 - Regulation of pentose phosphate pathway in bladder cancer -- Introduction -- Altered metabolism in malignant transformed cells -- Changes in glucose metabolism -- Crosslinks of glucose metabolism with pentose phosphate pathway -- Modifications in pentose phosphate pathway -- G6PDH -- 6PGDH -- RPI and RPE -- TALDO and TKT -- p53 -- Myc -- HIF-α -- The involvement of PPP in urothelial carcinoma cell survival -- Future implications: Application in treatment therapy -- Conclusion -- References -- 6 - Mitochondrial metabolism -- Introduction -- Mitochondria: The cellular powerhouses -- Structure and function of mitochondria -- Mitochondrial metabolism beyond energy production -- Carbohydrate metabolism -- Fatty acid metabolism -- Amino acid metabolism -- Mitochondria in cellular processes -- Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and genetic variation -- Metabolic reprogramming in bladder cancer: Shifting the balance between glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation -- Glycolysis versus oxidative phosphorylation -- Mitochondrial metabolic pathways in cancer -- Warburg effect in bladder cancer -- Mitochondrial metabolism in bladder cancer: Insights into altered dynamics, tumor progression, and energy balance -- Altered mitochondrial dynamics in cancer cells -- Impact of mitochondrial dysfunction on tumor progression -- The role of mitochondria in tumor energy balance -- Molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction in bladder cancer -- Reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress -- Genetic and epigenetic factors -- Mitochondrial DNA mutations -- Cell proliferation and cell death -- Therapeutic targeting of mitochondrial metabolism in bladder cancer -- Targeting mitochondrial respiration. , Inhibiting complex I -- Targeting complex II -- Mitochondrial uncouplers -- Modulating mitochondrial dynamics -- Targeting Drp1 -- Promoting fusion -- Revitalizing mitochondria-driven apoptosis: Mitochondria-targeted therapies -- Challenges and future directions in targeting mitochondrial metabolism in bladder cancer -- Overcoming therapeutic challenges -- Ethical considerations -- Emerging technologies and research frontiers -- Conclusion: The promise of mitochondrial metabolism targeting in bladder cancer -- References -- 7 - Metabolic effect of cancer therapy -- Introduction -- Cancer metabolism -- Impact of cancer therapy on metabolism -- Impact of chemotherapy on metabolism -- Metabolic consequences of radiation therapy -- Immunotherapy and metabolic remodeling -- Metabolic reprogramming in cancer -- Metabolism as a therapeutic target -- Targeting metabolic vulnerabilities -- Combination therapies -- Metabolic challenges and opportunities in cancer therapy -- Metabolic heterogeneity and resistance -- Metabolic side effects and toxicities -- Metabolic imaging in cancer therapy -- Personalized cancer treatment based on metabolism -- Conclusion -- Future directions -- References -- 8 - Metabolomics and racial disparities in bladder cancer carcinogenesis -- Introduction -- Urothelial carcinoma of bladder: Two distinct entities -- Racial disparities on cancer incidence, risk factors, and survival -- Metabolomics: A new perspective -- Metabolomics in carcinogenesis -- Integrating racial disparities -- Metabolomic disparities in various racial and ethnic groups -- Challenges associated with bladder cancer management -- Research to clinical implications -- Recent developments/Future implications -- Multiomics: A bigger and a better picture -- References -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- R -- S -- T. , U -- W -- Y -- Back Cover.

Additional Edition: Print version: Singh, Vishwajeet Metabolomics of Bladder Cancer San Diego : Elsevier Science & Technology,c2024 ISBN 9780443238819

Language: English

UID:

Format: 152 Seiten : , Illustrationen.

Edition: Bim(b)grăṅ² reek

Original writing edition: พิมพ์ครั้งแรก

Original writing title: การละเล่นของเด็กลานนาไทยในอดีต /

Original writing person/organisation: ฉิมพะเนาว์, สุรสิงห์สำรวม

Original writing publisher: เชียงใหม่ : : ศูนย์หนังสือเชียงใหม่,

Note: Text in Thai

Language: Thai

Subjects: Ethnology

UID:

Format: 1 online resource (481 pages)

Edition: 1st ed.

ISBN: 0-443-15361-2

Note: Front Cover -- Enriched Numerical Techniques -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of contributors -- About the editors -- Preface -- 1 Development of level set methodologies for different geometric discontinuities -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Level set method -- 1.3 Normal level set function -- 1.4 Level set representation for closed discontinuities -- 1.5 Level set representation for cracks -- 1.6 Evaluation of split and tip elements -- 1.7 Effect of material irregularities on cracks -- 1.7.1 Displacement approximations -- 1.7.2 Evaluation of fracture parameters -- 1.8 Numerical results and discussions -- 1.8.1 Circular discontinuities -- 1.8.2 Elliptical discontinuity -- 1.8.3 Triangular discontinuity -- 1.8.4 Rectangular discontinuity -- 1.8.5 Hexagonal discontinuity -- 1.8.6 Octagonal discontinuity -- 1.8.7 A rectangular plate carrying cracks -- 1.8.8 Effect of size of inclusion -- 1.8.9 Effect of position of inclusion -- 1.8.10 Effect of size of hole -- 1.8.11 Effect of position of hole -- 1.9 Conclusion -- References -- 2 Higher order enrichment functions for fracture simulation in isotropic and orthotropic material medium -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Displacement approximation with extended finite element method -- 2.2.1 Partition of unity -- 2.2.2 Level set method with extended finite element method -- 2.2.3 Heaviside enrichment function -- 2.2.4 Branch enrichment functions for isotropic material -- 2.2.5 Branch enrichment functions for orthotropic material -- 2.2.6 Numerical integration -- 2.2.7 Fracture parameter (stress intensity factor) calculation -- 2.3 Result and discussions -- 2.3.1 Edge crack plate with an isotropic material medium -- 2.3.2 Center crack plate with isotropic material medium -- 2.3.3 Edge crack plate with an orthotropic material medium -- 2.3.4 Center crack plate with an orthotropic material medium. , 2.3.5 Edge crack with multiple holes orthotropic plate under fatigue loading -- 2.3.6 Edge crack with multiple holes/cracks orthotropic plate under fatigue loading -- 2.4 Conclusion -- References -- 3 Extended finite element method for three-dimensional cracks -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Extended finite element method for cracks -- 3.2.1 Choice of enrichment functions -- 3.3 Basic fracture mechanics principles -- 3.3.1 Linear elastic fracture mechanics principles -- 3.3.2 The stress intensity factor -- 3.3.3 The J-integral -- 3.3.4 The crack tip opening displacement -- 3.3.5 The interaction integral -- 3.4 Numerical results and discussions -- 3.4.1 Investigation of a plane edge crack -- 3.4.2 Cuboidal domain with a horizontal penny crack -- 3.4.3 Cuboidal domain with inclined penny crack -- 3.4.4 Cuboidal domain with a lens crack -- 3.5 Conclusion -- References -- 4 Extended finite element method for free vibration analyses of cracked plate based on higher order shear deformation theory -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Theoretical formulation -- 4.2.1 Partition of unity -- 4.2.2 Level set method -- 4.2.3 Enrichment -- 4.2.4 Selection of enriched nodes -- 4.2.5 Extended finite element approximation -- 4.2.6 Plate kinematics -- 4.2.6.1 Displacement field -- 4.2.6.2 Strain-displacement relation -- 4.2.6.3 Material constitutive relations -- 4.2.7 Modeling of functionally graded plate -- 4.2.8 Governing equation -- 4.2.8.1 Strain energy -- 4.2.8.2 Energy due to temperature rise and moisture rise -- 4.2.8.3 Kinetic energy -- 4.2.9 Numerical integration -- 4.2.10 Boundary conditions -- 4.3 Numerical results -- 4.3.1 Convergence and validation study -- 4.3.2 Parametric study -- 4.4 Summary -- References -- 5 Extended finite element method for stability analysis of stiffened trapezoidal composite panels -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Theory and formulation. , 5.3 The extended finite element method -- 5.4 Results and discussions -- 5.5 Conclusion -- References -- 6 Implementation issues in element-free Galerkin method -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Approximation function in element-free Galerkin method -- 6.3 Choice of weight (Kernel) function -- 6.3.1 Quartic spline weight function -- 6.3.2 Cubic spline weight function -- 6.3.3 Exponential spline weight function -- 6.4 Imposition of boundary conditions in element-free Galerkin method -- 6.4.1 Lagrangian multiplier method -- 6.4.2 Penalty method -- 6.5 Governing equations for element-free Galerkin method -- 6.6 Modeling of discontinuities in element-free Galerkin method -- 6.6.1 Methods based on modification of weight function -- 6.6.2 Methods based on modification of intrinsic basis -- 6.6.3 Methods based on extrinsic MLS enrichment -- 6.6.4 Methods based on extrinsic PUM enrichment -- 6.7 Level set method in element-free Galerkin method -- 6.8 h- and p-refinement -- 6.9 Numerical integration -- 6.9.1 Direct nodal integration -- 6.9.2 Stress point integration -- 6.9.3 Cell structure or background mesh -- 6.10 Conclusion -- References -- 7 Enriched element-free Galerkin method for three-dimensional cracks -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 The element-free Galerkin method -- 7.2.1 Basic element-free Galerkin method models -- 7.2.2 Enriched element-free Galerkin method for cracks -- 7.2.3 Enrichment functions for cracks -- 7.3 Numerical results and discussions -- 7.3.1 Analysis of plane edge crack -- 7.3.2 Horizontal penny crack in a cubical domain -- 7.3.3 Inclined penny crack in a cubical domain -- 7.3.4 Lens crack in a cubical domain -- 7.4 Conclusion -- References -- 8 Enriched element-free Galerkin method for elastoplastic crack growth in steel alloys -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Governing formulations -- 8.3 Numerical formulation in elastoplastic analysis. , 8.3.1 Plasticity modeling -- 8.3.2 Analysis of elastoplastic stress-strain relations -- 8.3.3 Matrix representation of elastoplastic stress-strain relations -- 8.4 Stress calculation algorithms in elastoplasticity -- 8.4.1 Elastic predictor and plastic corrector algorithm -- 8.4.2 Implicit integration or von Mises plasticity -- 8.4.2.1 The radial return method -- 8.4.2.2 Material Jacobian for time-independent isotropic linear hardening plasticity -- 8.4.3 Plane stress plasticity -- 8.4.3.1 Plane stress-projected plasticity model -- 8.4.3.2 Plane stress-projected integration plasticity model -- 8.4.3.3 The plane stress-projected return mapping -- 8.4.3.4 The elastoplastic consistent tangent operator for plane stress plasticity -- 8.5 Investigation of fatigue crack growth -- 8.5.1 Computation of J-integral -- 8.5.2 Evaluation of fatigue life -- 8.6 Numerical results and discussions -- 8.7 Conclusion -- References -- 9 Enriched element-free Galerkin method for modeling large elasto-plastic deformations -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Large deformation theory -- 9.3 Introduction to element-free Galerkin method -- 9.3.1 Choice of weight function -- 9.3.2 Element-free Galerkin method models -- 9.4 Total Lagrangian formulation -- 9.5 Updated Lagrangian formulation -- 9.6 Large deformation in presence of discontinuities -- 9.7 Numerical results and discussions -- 9.7.1 Large deformation analysis with one bi-material surface -- 9.7.2 Large deformation analysis with two bi-material surfaces -- 9.7.3 Large deformation with a spherical interface -- 9.8 Conclusion -- References -- 10 Modeling of Hertzian contact problems by enriched element-free Galerkin method -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Hertzian classical theory -- 10.2.1 Contact between two spheres -- 10.2.2 Contact between an elastic half-space and a sphere -- 10.2.3 Two cylinders in contact with parallel axis. , 10.3 Continuum model of contact friction -- 10.4 Plasticity theory of friction -- 10.5 Governing equation for element-free Galerkin method -- 10.6 Lagrangian multiplier for contact problems -- 10.7 Imposition of contact constraints using penalty method -- 10.8 Analysis of the classical Hertzian contact problem: cylinder-rectangular block interaction -- 10.9 Conclusion -- References -- 11 Enriched element-free Galerkin method for large elasto-plastic deformations: basic mathematical foundations -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Kinematics of large deformation -- 11.2.1 The deformation gradient -- 11.2.2 Measures of stresses and strains -- 11.3 Large deformation analysis by element-free Galerkin method -- 11.3.1 Total Lagrangian formulation -- 11.3.2 Updated Lagrangian formulation -- 11.3.3 Large deformation in the presence of discontinuities -- 11.4 Elasto-plastic analysis -- 11.4.1 Elasto-plastic analysis in one dimension -- 11.4.2 Elastic-predictor plastic-corrector algorithm -- 11.4.3 General elasto-plastic analysis -- 11.4.3.1 The yield criteria -- 11.4.3.2 Strain hardening -- 11.4.3.3 Elasto-plastic stress-strain relations -- 11.4.3.4 Ramberg-Osgood model -- 11.5 Conclusion -- References -- 12 Implementation issues in extended isogeometric analysis -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Extended isogeometric analysis -- 12.2.1 Computer-aided design functions in extended isogeometric analysis -- 12.2.1.1 B-splines -- 12.2.1.2 Nonuniform rational B-spline -- 12.2.1.3 T-splines -- 12.2.1.4 Locally refined B-splines -- 12.2.1.5 PHT-splines -- 12.2.2 Fracture mechanics problem formulation -- 12.2.3 Approximation of voids and cracks using extended isogeometric analysis -- 12.2.3.1 Approximation of voids using extended isogeometric analysis -- 12.2.3.2 Approximation of cracks using extended isogeometric analysis -- 12.2.4 Selection of control points for enrichment. , 12.2.5 Extended isogeometric analysis-based discretization.

Additional Edition: ISBN 0-443-15362-0

Language: English

UID:

Format: 1 online resource (xxi, 326 pages) : , illustrations (some color).

Edition: First edition.

ISBN: 9781003415701 , 1003415709 , 9781000917857 , 1000917851 , 9781000917871 , 1000917878

Series Statement: Postharvest biology and technology

Content: "This new volume, with contributions from packaging technology experts, provides a comprehensive overview of the new and diverse technologies in food packaging of fruits and vegetables, providing an emphasis on new commercially available packaging technologies for fresh produce. The book first looks at important biopolymeric films for fresh produce packaging along with a historical overview, followed by coverage of the mechanical, physical, and permeability properties and recent developments in investigative techniques of biopolymers as well as their applications in modified atmosphere packaging used in fresh produce packaging. The volume then discusses the detailed application of natural/organic active agents, including oxygen scavengers, ethylene scavengers, antioxidants, antimicrobial agents, etc., for the fabrication of active packaging for maintaining the quality of fresh produce during storage and transportation. Chapters cover active (antimicrobial, antioxidant) edible films and coatings used to preserve the quality of fresh produce. Protective packaging, package designing aspects, and safety and security packaging for agricultural produce in the supply chain are also explored. Also considered are intelligent packaging technologies that monitor the condition of packaged food using data carriers, indicators, and sensors. Novel Packaging Systems for Fruits and Vegetables provides a thorough presentation of the most important and innovative technologies for the packaging and safety of fruits and vegetables. This volume will be valuable for advanced students as well as for faculty, researchers, and industry professionals in food science and engineering, packaging technology, and postharvest technology."--

Additional Edition: Print version: Novel packaging systems for fruits and vegetables. Palm Bay, FL, USA ; Burlington, ON, Canada : Apple Academic Press, 2024 ISBN 1774914964

Additional Edition: ISBN 9781774914960

Language: English

DOI: 10.1201/9781003415701

URL: https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781003415701

UID:

Format: 1 online resource (xxvii, 535 pages) : , illustrations (chiefly color)

Edition: First edition.

ISBN: 9781003455271 , 1003455271 , 9781000988581 , 1000988589 , 9781000988550 , 1000988554

Content: "Developing climate-smart crops is vital to securing food security around the world. This new volume, Climate-Resilient Agriculture: A Molecular Perspective, covers the current aspects of climate-resilient agriculture, including the crucial physiological, biochemical, and molecular aspects of cultivated crops under stress conditions, which play a pivotal role in developing climate-smart crops. This book discusses the current state of climate change and its effect on crop diversity and germplasm. The primary focus of the volume is on advanced technologies and approaches in the development of crops that can withstand adverse climate scenarios. The volume explores breeding, omics, genetic engineering, bioengineering of metabolic pathways, and artificial intelligence. Each has been laid out with systematic approaches to developing abiotic stress-tolerant genotypes using biotechnological tools. Key features: Addresses the current and future challenges of climate changes on food security; Details the impact of different biotic, abiotic stresses, their interaction, and effect on crop plants in climate-changing scenarios; Gives a comprehensive account of molecular mechanisms associated with different stresses in crop plants; Discusses advances in breeding and biotechnological techniques to tackle the different stresses in challenging climatic fluctuations; Highlights various emerging approaches and technologies currently being used in developing climate-smart crops; Provides success stories of crop improvement against the different stresses. This book covers the crucial advanced technologies that can help to mitigate plant abiotic stresses in cultivated crops and will familiarize readers with state-of-the-art advances in climate-resilience agriculture. The volume will benefit researchers, plant scientists, environmental biologists, faculty, and students in diverse fields of agriculture."--

Additional Edition: Print version: Climate-resilient agriculture. Palm Bay, FL, USA ; Burlington, ON, Canada : Apple Academic Press, 2024 ISBN 1774915065

Additional Edition: ISBN 9781774915066

Language: English

Keywords: Electronic books.

DOI: 10.1201/9781003455271

URL: https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781003455271

UID:

Format: 1 online resource (502 pages)

Edition: 1st ed.

ISBN: 0-443-31487-X

Note: Front Cover -- Technological Pathways for Africa's Net-Zero Economy -- Technological Pathways for Africa's Net-Zero Economy: Technology Solutions to Unlock Africa's Sustainable Future -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- About the authors -- Foreword -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- About the book -- 1 - State of play -- 1.1 Impact of a changing global environment on Africa's economy -- 1.2 Rising demand for modern energy in Africa -- 1.3 Africa's economic future will be driven by solar energy -- 1.4 Africa's advantages in renewable hydrogen production -- 1.5 Africa might evolve into a significant hub for the global production of green hydrogen -- 1.6 Understanding the financial needs for climate change adaptation in Africa -- 1.7 The importance of robust global energy assistance for Africa -- 1.8 Africa's tech routes to a net zero transition-an introduction -- References -- Further readings -- 2 - Threats to the rapidity of sustainability transitions posed by technological changes -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 A new phase -- 2.3 Whole-systemic changes -- 2.4 Interplay between various structures -- 2.5 Drop-off and opposition -- 2.6 Client conduct and societal norms -- 2.7 Governance -- References -- 3 - Current state of energy in Africa -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Challenges in Africa's energy sector -- 3.2.1 Insufficient energy infrastructure -- 3.2.2 Limited energy production and diversification -- 3.2.3 Financial constraints -- 3.2.4 Political and policy challenges -- 3.2.5 Environmental impacts and sustainability -- 3.2.6 Reliance and consequences of relying on traditional fuels in Africa -- 3.3 Progress in renewable energy -- 3.3.1 African renewable energy developments and success stories -- 3.3.2 Government initiatives to improve renewable energy infrastructure -- 3.3.3 Technological advancements and innovation. , 3.3.4 Socio-economic benefits of renewable energy in Africa -- 3.4 Government policies and initiatives -- 3.4.1 Feed-in tariffs -- 3.4.2 Renewable energy targets -- 3.5 International aid and partnerships -- 3.5.1 International aid for renewable energy in Africa -- 3.5.2 Partnerships for renewable energy in Africa -- 3.6 Economic impact of energy development in Africa -- 3.7 Social and environmental implications -- 3.7.1 Introduction -- 3.7.2 Social implications of energy in Africa -- 3.7.2.1 Unequal access to energy resources -- 3.7.2.2 Disparities between urban and rural areas -- 3.7.2.3 Explore the consequences for education and healthcare -- 3.7.3 Energy poverty and its consequences -- 3.7.4 Gender and energy in Africa -- References -- Further reading -- 4 - Technological advancements in Africa -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Technological solutions for a net zero energy economy in Africa -- 4.3 Technological solutions for sustainable agriculture in Africa -- 4.4 Technological solutions for smart cities in Africa -- 4.5 Technological solutions for urban planning in Africa -- 4.6 Technological solutions for transportation in Africa -- 4.7 Policy support for technological advancements -- 4.8 Financial support for technological advancements -- References -- 5 - International assistance for Africa's net zero technology in Africa -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Role of international assistance achieving net zero technology in Africa -- 5.2.1 Dependency -- 5.2.2 Modernization -- 5.2.3 Diffusion of innovations -- 5.2.4 Institutional frameworks -- 5.2.5 Resource dependency -- 5.2.6 The systems -- 5.2.7 Social exchange -- 5.3 Financial and technical support -- 5.4 Case studies of successful financial and technical support in Africa -- 5.5 Policy and regulatory frameworks in achieving net zero technology in Africa. , 5.6 Forms of international assistance for Africa's net zero technology -- 5.7 Challenges in international assistance for Africa's net zero technology -- References -- Further readings -- 6 - Role of digitalization and connectivity for achieving a net zero economy in Africa -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Digitalization and connectivity in Africa -- 6.3 Role of digitalization in Africa's net zero economy -- 6.4 Role of connectivity in Africa's net zero economy -- 6.5 The potential of digitalization in Africa's net zero economy -- 6.6 Connectivity as a catalyst for Africa's net zero economy -- 6.7 Policies and strategies for promoting digitalization and connectivity in Africa -- 6.8 Overcoming challenges for digitalization and connectivity in Africa -- References -- Further reading -- 7 - Key players in net zero technology -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Government organizations -- 7.3 Technology companies -- 7.4 Research institutions and universities -- 7.5 Governmental organizations and initiatives -- 7.6 Private sector companies and organizations -- References -- Further reading -- 8 - Key components of net zero technology -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Energy generation -- 8.3 Energy efficiency -- 8.4 Carbon capture and storage -- 8.5 Sustainable transportation -- 8.6 Sustainable materials -- 8.7 Energy-efficient building materials -- 8.8 Challenges and opportunities in the adoption of sustainable materials -- References -- Further reading -- 9 - Net zero technology and circular economy -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 The concept of circular economy -- 9.3 Synergies between net zero technology and circular economy -- 9.4 The intersection of net zero technology and circular economy -- References -- 10 - Harnessing industry 4.0 for Africa's net zero economy through technological pathways -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Sustainable manufacturing and circular economy. , 10.3 Implementation of internet of things devices -- 10.4 Development of sustainable transportation systems -- 10.5 Implementation of data analytics and artificial intelligence -- 10.6 Utilization of blockchain technology for transparent and secure transactions -- 10.7 Promotion of energy-efficient building designs and materials -- 10.8 Effective strategies for mobilizing businesses to drive industry 4.0 adoption -- 10.8.1 Leveraging existing networks and partnerships -- 10.8.2 Creating incentives for early adopters -- 10.8.3 Providing training and resources for employees -- 10.8.4 Fostering a culture of innovation and experimentation -- 10.8.5 Developing clear roadmaps and goals for digital transformation -- 10.8.6 Investing in cutting-edge technologies and infrastructure -- 10.8.7 Collaborating with academia and research institutions -- 10.8.8 Engaging with policymakers to create a supportive regulatory environment -- 10.8.9 Sharing best practices and success stories within the industry -- References -- Further reading -- 11 - Potential technological pathways for Africa's net-zero economy -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 African technological pathways to a zero-energy economy: The theory behind it -- 11.2.1 Assessing the potential of the sustainable development index for technological advancement in African nations -- 11.2.1.1 Need for further actions on the sustainable development index in Africa -- 11.2.1.1.1 Insufficient access to clean water and sanitation facilities -- 11.2.1.1.2 Inadequate infrastructure, such as roads and electricity, limiting economic growth and access to basic services -- 11.2.1.1.3 Lack of access to affordable and reliable energy sources -- 11.2.1.1.4 High levels of poverty and inequality, exacerbating social tensions and hindering progress -- 11.2.1.1.5 Lack of sufficient transportation and communication infrastructure. , 11.2.1.1.6 Low levels of digital literacy and access to information and communication technologies -- 11.2.1.1.7 Insufficient investment in research and development for technological innovation -- 11.2.1.1.8 The challenges in managing electronic waste and promoting recycling practices -- 11.2.1.1.9 Susceptibility to electronic dangers and data breaches -- 11.2.1.1.10 Enhanced farming methods and food security are necessary -- 11.2.1.1.11 Inadequate availability of high-quality healthcare services -- 11.2.1.1.12 Lack of educational and skill development possibilities -- 11.2.2 Evaluating the effectiveness of the technological adaptation index in driving net-zero progress in African countries -- 11.2.2.1 The need for further actions on the adaptation pathway index in Africa -- 11.2.2.1.1 Increasing frequency and intensity of extreme weather events -- 11.2.2.1.2 Declining agricultural productivity due to changing rainfall patterns -- 11.2.2.1.3 Rising sea levels threatening coastal communities and infrastructure -- 11.2.2.1.4 Transmission of vector-borne illnesses -- 11.2.2.1.5 Deterioration of ecosystems and decline in biodiversity -- 11.2.2.1.6 Forced relocation of communities caused by conflicts and migration resulting from climate change -- 11.2.2.1.7 Vulnerability of water resources to climate variability -- 11.2.2.1.8 Increased food insecurity due to crop failures and reduced availability of water for irrigation -- 11.2.2.1.9 Economic losses in key sectors such as tourism and agriculture -- 11.2.3 Evaluating the effectiveness of the leapfrogging pathway index in driving net-zero progress in African countries -- 11.2.3.1 The need for further action on the leapfrogging pathway index in Africa -- 11.2.3.1.1 Need to address the digital divide and ensure equal access to technology across the continent. , 11.2.3.1.2 Potential for technological leapfrogging to drive economic growth and development in Africa.

Additional Edition: ISBN 0-443-31486-1

Language: English

UID:

Format: 1 online resource (466 pages)

Edition: 1st ed.

ISBN: 0-443-26471-6

Note: Front Cover -- Natural Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of contributors -- Preface -- 1 An introduction to biomaterials -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Definitions of biomaterials -- 1.3 Basic features required for the biomaterial -- 1.3.1 Characteristics of biomaterials -- 1.3.2 Requirements for scaffolds used in tissue engineering -- 1.4 Classification of biomaterials -- 1.5 Biocompatibility -- 1.6 Summary -- References -- 2 Decellularization and characterization methods -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Decellularization -- 2.2.1 Cellular matrix acellular matrix -- 2.3 Decellularized biomaterials -- 2.4 Characterization methods of decellularized tissues -- 2.4.1 Hematoxylin and eosin -- 2.4.2 4',6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) -- 2.4.3 The MTT cell proliferation assay -- 2.4.4 Second harmonic generation (SHG) -- 2.4.5 Electron microscopy -- 2.4.5.1 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) -- 2.4.5.2 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) -- 2.4.6 Mechanical properties -- 2.4.7 Zymography -- 2.5 Development of decellularized naturally derived biomaterials -- 2.6 In vitro evaluation of decellularized naturally derived biomaterials -- References -- 3 Crosslinking of biomaterials -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Advantages of crosslinking biomaterials -- 3.3 Disadvantages of crosslinking biomaterials -- 3.4 Types of crosslinking -- 3.4.1 Chemical crosslinking -- 3.4.1.1 Advantages of chemical crosslinking -- 3.4.1.2 Disadvantages of chemical crosslinking -- 3.4.2 Physical crosslinking -- 3.4.2.1 Advantages of physical crosslinking -- 3.4.2.2 Disadvantages of physical crosslinking -- 3.4.3 Biological crosslinking -- 3.4.3.1 Advantages of biological crosslinking -- 3.4.3.2 Disadvantages of biological crosslinking -- 3.5 Crosslinking agents -- 3.5.1 Glutaraldehyde -- 3.5.2 Formaldehyde -- 3.5.3 Glyoxal. , 3.5.4 Diphenyl phosphoryl azide -- 3.5.5 Ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether -- 3.5.6 Polyethylene glycol -- 3.5.7 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride -- 3.5.8 Hexamethylene diisocyanate -- 3.5.9 Physical -- 3.5.10 Enzymatic -- References -- 4 Rumen-derived extracellular matrix scaffolds and clinical application -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Anatomy of ruminant stomach -- 4.3 Decellularization of forestomach matrix -- 4.4 Preparation of acellular matrices from bubaline rumen -- 4.4.1 Macroscopic observations -- 4.4.2 Microscopic observations -- 4.4.2.1 Treatment with zwitter ionic detergent (tri-N-butyl phosphate) -- 4.4.2.2 Treatment with nonionic detergent (triton X-100) -- 4.4.2.3 Treatment with ionic detergent (sodium dodecyl sulfate) -- 4.4.2.4 Treatment with nonionic detergent (tween-20) -- 4.4.2.5 Treatment with enzyme (trypsin) -- 4.4.3 DNA quantification -- 4.4.4 Cytocompatibility analysis -- 4.5 Development of 3-D bioengineered scaffolds from bubaline rumen -- 4.6 Testing the efficacy of 3-D bioengineered scaffolds in a diabetic rat model -- 4.7 Evaluation of bubaline rumen matrix in clinical cases -- 4.7.1 Surgical technique -- 4.7.2 Gross and clinical observations -- 4.8 Preparation of acellular matrices from caprine rumen -- 4.8.1 Microscopic observations -- 4.8.2 DNA quantification -- 4.8.3 SDS-PAGE analysis -- 4.8.4 Calorimetric protein estimation -- 4.8.5 Scanning electron microscopic observations -- 4.9 Evaluation of caprine rumen matrix in clinical cases -- 4.10 Conclusions -- References -- 5 Reticulum-derived extracellular matrix scaffolds -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Preparation of acellular bovine reticulum extracellular matrix -- 5.2.1 Gross and microscopic observations -- 5.2.2 Scanning electron microscopic observations -- 5.2.3 DNA contents analysis. , 5.3 Preparation of acellular caprine reticulum extracellular matrix -- 5.3.1 Microscopic observations -- 5.3.2 DNA contents analysis -- 5.3.3 Calorimetric protein estimation -- 5.3.4 Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis -- 5.4 Evaluation of bovine reticulum extracellular matrix in rat model -- 5.4.1 Wound area and percent contraction -- 5.4.2 Gross observations -- 5.4.3 Hematological observations -- 5.4.4 Immunological observations -- 5.4.5 Histopathological observations -- 5.5 Conclusion -- References -- 6 Omasum-derived extracellular matrix scaffolds -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Preparation of acellular matrix from buffalo omasum -- 6.2.1 Gross observations -- 6.2.2 Microscopic observations -- 6.2.3 DNA quantification -- 6.2.4 Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis -- 6.3 Preparation of acellular matrix from goat omasum -- 6.3.1 Microscopic observations -- 6.3.2 DNA quantification -- 6.3.3 Calorimetric protein estimation -- 6.3.4 Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis -- 6.4 Experimental evaluation of acellular buffalo omasum in wound healing in rat model -- 6.4.1 Animals and ethics statement -- 6.4.2 Skin wound creation and implantation -- 6.4.3 Wound area and wound contraction -- 6.4.4 Gross observations/planimetry -- 6.4.5 Immunological observations -- 6.4.5.1 Humoral response -- 6.4.5.2 Cell-mediated immune response -- 6.4.6 Histological observations -- 6.4.6.1 Group I (open wound) -- 6.4.6.2 Group II (wound with commercially available collagen sheet) -- 6.4.6.3 Group III (wound with acellular buffalo omasum laminae) -- 6.5 Conclusion -- References -- 7 Gall bladder-derived extracellular matrix scaffolds -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Anatomy of gallbladder (cholecyst) -- 7.3 Cholecyst-derived extracellular matrix. , 7.4 Preparation of acellular buffalo cholecyst-derived extracellular matrix -- 7.4.1 Macroscopic observations -- 7.4.2 Microscopic observations -- 7.4.3 Scanning electron microscopic observations -- 7.4.4 DNA contents analysis -- 7.5 Preparation of acellular pig cholecyst-derived extracellular matrix -- 7.5.1 Macroscopic observations -- 7.5.2 Microscopic observations -- 7.5.3 Scanning electron microscopic observations -- 7.5.4 DNA contents analysis -- 7.6 Preparation of acellular goat cholecyst-derived extracellular matrix -- 7.6.1 Preparation of soapnut pericarp extract -- 7.6.2 Preparation of acellular goat gall bladder matrix -- 7.6.3 Microscopic observations -- 7.6.4 DAPI staining: (4, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole 2Hcl) -- 7.6.5 Scanning electron microscopic observations -- 7.6.6 DNA contents analysis -- 7.7 Experimental evaluation of buffalo cholecyst-derived extracellular matrix in a rat model -- 7.7.1 Animals and ethics statement -- 7.7.2 Skin wound creation and implantation -- 7.7.3 Wound contraction -- 7.7.4 Gross observations/planimetry -- 7.7.5 Immunological observations -- 7.7.5.1 Humoral response -- 7.7.5.2 Cell-mediated immune response -- 7.7.6 Histopathological observations -- 7.8 Experimental evaluation of pig cholecyst-derived extracellular matrix in a rat model -- 7.8.1 Skin wound creation and implantation -- 7.8.2 Wound contraction -- 7.8.3 Gross observations/planimetry -- 7.8.4 Immunological observations -- 7.8.4.1 Humoral response -- 7.8.4.2 Cell-mediated immune response -- 7.8.5 Histological observations -- 7.9 Conclusion -- References -- 8 Aorta-derived extracellular matrix scaffolds and clinical application -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Optimization of protocols for decellularization of buffalo aorta -- 8.2.1 Group A -- 8.2.2 Group B -- 8.2.3 Optimization of protocols for preparation of acellular aortic matrix -- 8.2.4 Group A. , 8.2.5 Protocol A1 -- 8.2.6 Protocol A2 -- 8.2.7 Protocol A3 -- 8.2.8 Protocol A4 -- 8.2.9 Protocol A5 -- 8.2.10 Protocol A6 -- 8.2.11 Group B -- 8.2.12 Protocol B1 -- 8.2.13 Protocol B2 -- 8.2.14 Protocol B3 -- 8.2.15 Protocol B4 -- 8.2.16 Protocol B5 -- 8.2.17 Protocol B6 -- 8.3 Preparation and characterization of the buffalo aortic matrix -- 8.3.1 Histological observations -- 8.3.2 Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) observations -- 8.3.3 DNA extraction, quantification, and purity -- 8.3.4 Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy -- 8.4 In vivo biocompatibility determination of acellular aortic matrix -- 8.4.1 Surgical procedure -- 8.4.2 Macroscopic observations -- 8.4.3 Microscopic observations -- 8.4.4 Immunological studies -- 8.4.5 Lymphocyte proliferation assay -- 8.4.5.1 Preparation of antigen -- 8.4.5.2 Peripheral blood lymphocytes -- 8.4.5.3 Splenocytes culture -- 8.4.5.4 ELISA -- 8.4.6 Molecular weight analysis -- 8.5 Clinical applications in different species of animals -- 8.6 Conclusion -- References -- 9 Pericardium-derived extracellular matrix scaffolds -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Preparation of acellular goat pericardium matrix -- 9.3 Crosslinking of native and acellular goat pericardium matrix -- 9.4 Preparation of acellular buffalo pericardium matrix -- 9.5 Crosslinking of native and acellular buffalo pericardium matrix -- 9.5.1 Gross observations -- 9.5.1.1 Concentration of solution -- 9.5.1.2 Duration of treatment -- 9.5.1.3 Temperature -- 9.5.2 In vitro enzymatic degradation -- 9.5.2.1 In vitro collagenase enzymatic degradation -- 9.5.2.2 In vitro elastase enzymatic degradation -- 9.5.2.3 In vitro trypsin enzymatic degradation -- 9.5.3 Free amino group contents determination -- 9.5.4 Moisture content analysis -- 9.5.5 Molecular weight analysis -- 9.5.6 In vitro cell cytotoxicity -- 9.6 In vivo evaluation in a rabbit model. , 9.6.1 Macroscopic observations.

Additional Edition: ISBN 0-443-26470-8

Language: English