Format:
1 Online-Ressource (158 Seiten)
ISBN:
9789811584466
Series Statement:
International Research on Poverty Reduction Ser
Note:
Intro -- Editors' Note -- Contents -- 1 Inequality in Middle-Income Countries: Analysis and Suggestions -- 1.1 Main Issues -- 1.1.1 Issue 1: Most of the World's Poor Come from Middle-Income Countries -- 1.1.2 Issue 2: Inequality Is Increasing in Many Middle-Income Countries -- 1.1.3 Issue 3: Inequality May Hinder Development -- 1.2 Why Inequality Persists in Middle-Income Countries -- 1.3 Addressing Inequality in Middle-Income Countries: Policy, Practice and Case Studies -- 1.4 The Need for a Diversity of Policies to Reduce Inequality -- 1.4.1 Addressing Regional Inequalities -- 1.4.2 Addressing Inequalities in Health and Education -- 1.4.3 Changes in Fiscal Policy -- 1.4.4 Improving Social Protection -- 1.5 Summary -- References -- 2 Inclusive Growth and Poverty Reduction of China: Progress and Main Policies -- 2.1 Inclusive Growth in China: Experience and Key Features -- 2.1.1 Reform of the Economic System Promotes Rapid Economic Growth and Drives Large-Scale Poverty Reduction Across the Country (1978-2001) -- 2.1.2 Policy Adjustment Promotes Overall Planning of Urban and Rural Areas and Drives Balanced Development (2002-2010) -- 2.1.3 Building an Institutional System Promotes Inclusive Growth and Boosts Comprehensive, Coordinated and Sustainable Economic and Social Development (Since 2011) -- 2.2 Main Policies Promoting Inclusive Growth in China -- 2.2.1 Adjusting and Optimizing the Industrial Structure, and Emphatically Promoting the Transformation of the Economic Development Model -- 2.2.2 Improving the Quality and Ability of Workers, and Creating More Employment and Development Opportunities -- 2.3 Employment and Social Security Policies for Migrant Population -- 2.4 Labor Transfer and Training -- 2.4.1 Adjusting Income Distribution to Narrow the Income Gap -- 2.5 Policy Concerning Individual Income Tax
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2.6 Agricultural Tax and Rural Taxes and Fees -- 2.6.1 Strengthening the Construction of the Social Security Network and Focusing on Improving People's Livelihood -- 2.7 Comprehensive Popularization of Compulsory Education -- 2.8 Improving Medical and Healthcare Facilities and Healthcare Services -- 2.9 Establishing Urban and Rural Minimum Living Allowance System -- 2.10 Sustaining Inclusive Growth and Continuing Poverty Alleviation: Policy Suggestions -- 2.10.1 Promoting the Transition from High-Speed, Extensive Growth to Balanced Growth and Sustainable Development -- 2.10.2 Expanding Domestic Demand and Building a Consumer Society -- 2.10.3 Protecting the Rights and Interests of Workers and Improving Their Treatment -- 2.10.4 Adjusting the Distribution Structure and Continuing to Narrow the Widening Income Gap -- 2.10.5 Continuing to Improve the Mechanism and System, and Striving to Expand Social Security Coverage and Raise the Treatment Levels -- 2.11 Insights and Lessons -- References -- 3 Income Distribution Policies as an Instrument for Promoting Inclusive Development: China's Experience -- 3.1 Inclusive Development and Income Gap: A Discussion About the Concepts -- 3.2 Changes in Income Distribution and Poverty in China -- 3.3 Assessing the Effects of China's Income Distribution Policy on Inclusive Development -- 3.3.1 Agricultural Taxes and Rural Taxes and Fees Reform -- 3.3.2 Individual Income Tax Policy -- 3.3.3 Minimum Living Allowance System -- 3.3.4 Rural Policies Benefiting Farmers -- 3.3.5 Social Security -- 3.4 A Stronger Role for Income Distribution Policy in Inclusive Development -- References -- 4 Inclusive Development and Fiscal Policy -- 4.1 The Importance of Inclusive Development and the Function of Government Spending -- 4.1.1 The Need for a Clear Understanding of What Inclusive Development Means
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4.1.2 Fully Understanding Strategic Significance of Realizing Inclusive Development -- 4.1.3 The Role of Government and Public Finance in Inclusive Development -- 4.2 Existing Fiscal Policy and Its Impact on Inclusive Development in China -- 4.2.1 Major Fiscal Policies and Effects in Recent Years -- 4.2.2 Main Problems -- 4.3 Suggestions for Short- and Medium-Term Fiscal Policies -- 4.3.1 Fiscal Policy as a Means for Promoting Fair and Balanced Social Income Distribution -- 4.3.2 Making Innovations on the Financial System and Distribution Mechanism to Promote Substantial Progress in Equal Access to Basic Public Services -- 4.3.3 Strengthening Financial Support and Vigorously Promoting Poverty Reduction and Development in Concentrated Contiguous Poor Areas -- References -- 5 Population and Employment Policies as Instruments for Facilitating Inclusive Development -- 5.1 Population Policy: Content, Effects and Evolution -- 5.1.1 Shaping of Population Policy and the People-Oriented Starting Point -- 5.1.2 Changes in Execution Mode and Incentive Mechanism of the Population Policy -- 5.1.3 Unprecedented Demographic Shift: Fertility Decline -- 5.1.4 Positive Effects: Contribution of Demographic Dividend to Economic Growth -- 5.2 Pro-active Labor Policies and Their Effects -- 5.2.1 The Establishment and Improvement of Active Labor Market Policies -- 5.2.2 Labor Market Development and Employment Expansion -- 5.2.3 Labor Mobility: Effect on Poverty Reduction and Income Growth -- 5.2.4 Construction of the Labor Market System and Labor Rights and Interests -- 5.3 New Policies Needed to Keep Up with Change in Development Stage -- 5.3.1 The Arrival of the Two 'Turning Points' -- 5.3.2 New Trends and New Tasks in the Labor Market -- 5.3.3 Challenges to the Demographic Structure -- 5.4 Improve Policies to Promote Comprehensive Population Development
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5.4.1 Improving Overall Human Capital -- 5.4.2 Actively Responding to the Aging of Population -- 5.4.3 Gradually Improving Fertility Policies -- 5.4.4 Creating Systemic Conditions for Gender Equality -- 5.5 The Need for More Inclusive Employment Policies -- 5.5.1 Shifting Focus from Total Quantity to Structure -- 5.5.2 Promoting the Integration of Urban and Rural Employment -- 5.5.3 Labor Market Institutions Construction and Social Protection -- References -- 6 Promoting Inclusive Development by Supporting Technological Innovations in Rural and Agricultural Development -- 6.1 New Opportunities for Inclusive Development -- 6.1.1 World Economy and Social Development Face Heavy Task of Accelerating Transformation After the International Financial Crisis of 2008 -- 6.1.2 New Challenges from Global Climate Change -- 6.1.3 New Changes in Social Development -- 6.2 Rural Development as Fundamental to Inclusive Development -- 6.2.1 Origin and Meaning of Inclusive Development -- 6.2.2 Worldwide Issues of Agriculture, Rural Areas and Farmers -- 6.2.3 Strategically Addressing the Issues of Agriculture, Rural Areas and Farmers for Inclusive Development -- 6.3 Strengthening Technical Innovations, Accelerating Rural Development, and Promoting Inclusive Development -- 6.3.1 Innovations Promoting and Accelerating Inclusive Development of Rural Areas -- 6.3.2 Priorities of Rural Technical Innovation -- 6.3.3 Policy Suggestions -- 7 Promoting Inclusive Development with More Effective Environmental Policies -- 7.1 Ecologically Vulnerability and Poverty: Breaking the Vicious Cycle -- 7.1.1 Poverty Mainly Occurs in Ecologically Vulnerable Areas -- 7.1.2 The Great Difficulties of Poverty Alleviation in the Ecologically Vulnerable Areas -- 7.1.3 Ecologically Vulnerable Areas Can Hardly Consolidate the Achievements of Poverty Reduction
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7.1.4 Poverty and Environmental Degradation in Ecologically Vulnerable Areas Interact in Terms of Both Cause and Effect -- 7.2 Ecological Improvement and Poverty Alleviation in China: Achievements and Problems -- 7.2.1 Grain for Green Program -- 7.2.2 Rehabilitating Degraded Grassland with Grazing Ban -- 7.2.3 Natural Forest Resources Protection Project -- 7.2.4 The Beijing-Tianjin Region Sandstorm Abatement Project -- 7.2.5 National Wildlife Protection and Construction of Nature Reserves -- 7.3 Inclusive Development-Development Mode Combining Ecological Improvement with Poverty Reduction Goals -- 7.3.1 Meaning of Inclusive Development -- 7.3.2 Multi-objective Coordination Is the Essential Requirement of Inclusive Development -- 7.3.3 Inclusive Measures Are Required to Mitigate the Tension Between Ecological Improvement and Poverty Reduction -- 7.4 Integrating Ecological Project and Poverty Reduction-Inevitable Choice for China to Break Through the Bottleneck of Poverty Reduction -- 7.4.1 Ecological Improvement as a Fundamental of Poverty Alleviation and the Foundation of Development -- 7.4.2 Continuous Ecological Improvement Is Premised on Equal Participation of the Poor -- 7.4.3 The Ecological Economy Is the Driving Force of Ecological Improvement and Poverty Reduction -- 7.4.4 The Ecological Compensation Is a Feedback to Sharing the Results of Ecological Improvement -- References
Additional Edition:
Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Zuo, Changsheng Inclusive Development and Poverty Reduction Singapore : Springer Singapore Pte. Limited,c2021 ISBN 9789811584459
Language:
English
Subjects:
Political Science
URL:
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