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  • AIP Publishing  (59)
  • 2000-2004  (59)
Medientyp
Verlag/Herausgeber
  • AIP Publishing  (59)
Sprache
Erscheinungszeitraum
  • 2000-2004  (59)
Jahr
Fachgebiete(RVK)
  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    AIP Publishing ; 2001
    In:  Applied Physics Letters Vol. 79, No. 19 ( 2001-11-05), p. 3110-3112
    In: Applied Physics Letters, AIP Publishing, Vol. 79, No. 19 ( 2001-11-05), p. 3110-3112
    Kurzfassung: In this work we study phenomena related to the plasma oxidation of thin metallic Al layers, to be used as insulating barriers in magnetic tunnel junctions. We investigate by barrier impedance scanning microscopy how the barrier’s over oxidation influences the local transport characteristics of the oxide layers and the results are correlated with the magnetotransport properties of patterned microsized as-deposited and annealed junctions. Interestingly, the oxygen reservoir existing at the ferromagnetic metal, degenerating the tunnel device, can be utilized for the improvement of the junction’s magnetotransport properties by means of thermal annealing processing.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0003-6951 , 1077-3118
    RVK:
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: AIP Publishing
    Publikationsdatum: 2001
    ZDB Id: 211245-0
    ZDB Id: 1469436-0
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    AIP Publishing ; 2000
    In:  The Journal of Chemical Physics Vol. 113, No. 8 ( 2000-08-22), p. 3233-3242
    In: The Journal of Chemical Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 113, No. 8 ( 2000-08-22), p. 3233-3242
    Kurzfassung: The two-pulse echo sequence is examined for the case in which the frequency modulation time τm of the transition is intermediate between the well known limiting cases of very fast modulation (motional narrowing) and very slow or static modulation (inhomogeneous broadening). Within this spectral diffusion regime, the interpretation of the echo decay differs markedly from standard treatments. If the frequency-frequency correlation function initially decays as 1−tβ, the echo decay time TE is proportional to τmβ/(β+2). These results reduce to those of Yan and Mukamel [J. Chem. Phys. 94, 179 (1991)] for β=1. Drawing on a viscoelastic model, the theoretical results are compared to viscosity and temperature dependent vibrational echo experiments on myoglobin–CO. A τm1/3 dependence is observed, as is predicted for an exponential decay of the frequency–frequency correlation function.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0021-9606 , 1089-7690
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: AIP Publishing
    Publikationsdatum: 2000
    ZDB Id: 3113-6
    ZDB Id: 1473050-9
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    AIP Publishing ; 2001
    In:  Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 90, No. 10 ( 2001-11-15), p. 5228-5234
    In: Journal of Applied Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 90, No. 10 ( 2001-11-15), p. 5228-5234
    Kurzfassung: The long-term thermal stability of the hard artificial antiferromagnetic subsystem (AAF) found in giant magnetoresistance (GMR) and tunnel magnetoresistance sensors based on Cu/Co/Ru/Co/Cu has been investigated using the complete sensor stack as well as of selected single layers. A striking asymmetry between both types of Co layers in the single Co layer samples with respect to magnetic and transport properties is observed, which show a different dynamics for each upon annealing. Directly after deposition, the Co/Ru interface is stronger mixed as compared to the Ru/Co interface, due to difference in sputter energies and order of growth. The different behavior upon annealing has been interpreted by the difference in concentration gradients and lattice mismatch at the interfaces. Despite the strong mixing found at the Co/Ru interface, the impact on the characteristics of the AAF, like the GMR signal and the rigidity is limited. Several causes, like the cohesion in the AAF induced by its Co seed layer on the Cu and the limited availability of Ru, are pointed out as likely origins of the improved stability of the AAF as compared to the single Co layers. Possibilities to even further improve the rigidity by carefully matching of anneal procedure and layer thicknesses are discussed.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0021-8979 , 1089-7550
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: AIP Publishing
    Publikationsdatum: 2001
    ZDB Id: 220641-9
    ZDB Id: 3112-4
    ZDB Id: 1476463-5
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    AIP Publishing ; 2004
    In:  The Journal of Chemical Physics Vol. 121, No. 20 ( 2004-11-22), p. 10209-10216
    In: The Journal of Chemical Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 121, No. 20 ( 2004-11-22), p. 10209-10216
    Kurzfassung: The diffusion of hydrogen in sodium aluminum sodalite (NaAlSi-SOD) is modeled using classical molecular dynamics, allowing for full flexibility of the host framework, in the temperature range 800–1200 K. From these simulations, the self-diffusion coefficient is determined as a function of temperature and the hydrogen uptake at low equilibrium hydrogen concentration is estimated at 573 K. The influence of the cation distribution over the framework on the hydrogen self-diffusion is investigated by comparing results employing a low energy fully ordered cation distribution with those obtained using a less ordered distribution. The cation distribution is found to have a surprisingly large influence on the diffusion, which appears to be due to the difference in framework flexibility for different cation distributions, the occurrence of correlated hopping in case of the ordered distribution, and the different nature of the diffusion processes in both systems. Compared to our previously reported calculations on all silica sodalite (all-Si-SOD), the hydrogen diffusion coefficient of sodium aluminum sodalite is higher in the case of the ordered distribution and lower in case of the disordered distribution. The hydrogen uptake rates of all-Si-SOD and NaSiAl-SOD are comparable at high temperatures (∼1000 K) and lower for all-Si-SOD at lower temperatures (∼400 K).
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0021-9606 , 1089-7690
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: AIP Publishing
    Publikationsdatum: 2004
    ZDB Id: 3113-6
    ZDB Id: 1473050-9
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    AIP Publishing ; 2004
    In:  The Journal of Chemical Physics Vol. 121, No. 20 ( 2004-11-22), p. 10174-10180
    In: The Journal of Chemical Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 121, No. 20 ( 2004-11-22), p. 10174-10180
    Kurzfassung: We have studied the effects of intermolecular and intramolecular coupling on the C–O stretching vibration of CO adsorbed on Platinum (111) by means of femtosecond broadband vibrational sum frequency generation (VSFG). Resonant intermolecular coupling is investigated through the coverage dependence of the VSFG signal. The experimental observations can be accurately modeled as lateral coupling of the molecular transition dipole moments; this coupling is invoked in the nonlinear optical response model as a local field correction. The linear polarizability, which appears in this model, is modified by both the dipole-dipole coupling and the population of bridged adsorption sites. By extending the formalism to include these effects, we deduce a vibrational polarizability of 0.32 Å3 from the data. Intramolecular coupling to the frustrated translational mode is observed as temperature dependence of the C–O stretch. The present data can be described either by pertubative or nonpertubative lineshape models from the literature. Measurements of the temperature dependence of the vibrational free induction decay indicate a population relaxation time T1 of (0.8±0.1) ps, in agreement with the observed low-temperature linewidth. Moreover, the ability of this time-domain method to discriminate spectral inhomogeneity yields clear evidence of the order-disorder transition near 275 K. Above this temperature an inhomogeneous linewidth component of (12±3) cm−1 is observed. This value allows us to estimate the structural heterogeneity of the disordered phase, which result agrees with published Monte Carlo simulations.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0021-9606 , 1089-7690
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: AIP Publishing
    Publikationsdatum: 2004
    ZDB Id: 3113-6
    ZDB Id: 1473050-9
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    AIP Publishing ; 2001
    In:  Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 90, No. 10 ( 2001-11-15), p. 5070-5074
    In: Journal of Applied Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 90, No. 10 ( 2001-11-15), p. 5070-5074
    Kurzfassung: A molecular monolayer (octadecanethiol on gold) is compressed between a bronze ball and a sapphire prism. Vibrational spectra are obtained by optical sum-frequency generation before, during, and after a pressure cycle to 660 MPa (6.6 kbar). Both reversible and permanent effects are observed on the frequency, intensity, and shape of methyl C–H stretching resonances in the monolayer. Spectral broadening indicates the heterogeneity of chemical environments in the contact, while a pressure-dependent loss of orientational order attenuates the resonant signals. These results from a model system demonstrate that contact-modifying molecular films can be investigated spectroscopically.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0021-8979 , 1089-7550
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: AIP Publishing
    Publikationsdatum: 2001
    ZDB Id: 220641-9
    ZDB Id: 3112-4
    ZDB Id: 1476463-5
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    AIP Publishing ; 2001
    In:  Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 89, No. 11 ( 2001-06-01), p. 7508-7510
    In: Journal of Applied Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 89, No. 11 ( 2001-06-01), p. 7508-7510
    Kurzfassung: The long-term thermal stability of the hard artificial antiferromagnetic subsystem found in giant magnetoresistance and tunnel magnetoresistance sensors has been investigated at 182, 210, 240, and 300 °C using magnetoresistive and vibrating sample magnetometry measurements. The observed changes in the magnetoresistance signal and the saturation field show two processes, where the slower one has an activation energy of 1.5±0.1 eV while the faster one occurs too fast to fit accurately. In order to probe the stability of the Co/Cu interface, nonlinear (magneto-optical magnetization-induced second-harmonic generation) measurements were done which reveal a dramatic enhancement of the second harmonic tensor components, also dominated by two time constants.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0021-8979 , 1089-7550
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: AIP Publishing
    Publikationsdatum: 2001
    ZDB Id: 220641-9
    ZDB Id: 3112-4
    ZDB Id: 1476463-5
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    AIP Publishing ; 2001
    In:  Applied Physics Letters Vol. 79, No. 26 ( 2001-12-24), p. 4441-4443
    In: Applied Physics Letters, AIP Publishing, Vol. 79, No. 26 ( 2001-12-24), p. 4441-4443
    Kurzfassung: Superconducting tunnel junctions can be used as high-resolution particle or photon energy spectrometers. A photon absorbed in a superconductor breaks Cooper pairs into quasiparticles. These quasiparticles tunnel through the junction barrier and are detected as a pulse of excess current. Many junction designs allow the quasiparticles to tunnel more than once, an exponentially mixed Poisson process. However, multiple tunneling increases the fluctuation in the measured charge. We calculate the significance of these fluctuations algebraically as a function of time during the current pulse. We also calculate the finite integration window that minimizes the contribution of this noise. In addition, we calculate the effects of a low-pass amplifier and a Gaussian-shaping amplifier on the tunneling noise. With certain filtering time constants, the tunneling noise can be reduced while still providing some gain.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0003-6951 , 1077-3118
    RVK:
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: AIP Publishing
    Publikationsdatum: 2001
    ZDB Id: 211245-0
    ZDB Id: 1469436-0
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    AIP Publishing ; 2004
    In:  Applied Physics Letters Vol. 85, No. 10 ( 2004-09-06), p. 1665-1667
    In: Applied Physics Letters, AIP Publishing, Vol. 85, No. 10 ( 2004-09-06), p. 1665-1667
    Kurzfassung: We have developed peptide materials with chromophores that undergo cycloaddition, suitable for terabit optical digital storage in a 5.25in. disc. The rationale behind this design is that the length and rigidity of the backbone can be adjusted to facilitate the formation of a photodimer without large physical movements of the chromophores on exposure to UV light. Initially strongly absorbing films transmit up to 50% of light on irradiation at dimerizing wavelengths. This property can be utilized to record grey levels. An intensity-dependent transmission behavior has been observed that may enable data to be written and read at the same wavelength.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0003-6951 , 1077-3118
    RVK:
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: AIP Publishing
    Publikationsdatum: 2004
    ZDB Id: 211245-0
    ZDB Id: 1469436-0
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    AIP Publishing ; 2000
    In:  Physics Today Vol. 53, No. 1 ( 2000-01-01), p. 24-29
    In: Physics Today, AIP Publishing, Vol. 53, No. 1 ( 2000-01-01), p. 24-29
    Kurzfassung: Escherichia coli is a single-celled organism that lives in your gut. It is equipped with a set of rotary motors only 45 nm in diameter. Each motor drives a long, thin, helical filament that extends several cell body lengths out into the external medium. The assemblage of motor and filament is called a flagellum. The concerted motion of several flagella enables a cell to swim. A cell can move toward regions that it deems more favorable by measuring changes in the concentrations of certain chemicals in its environment (mostly nutrients), deciding whether life is getting better or worse, and then modulating the direction of rotation of its flagella. Thus, in addition to rotary engines and propellers, E. coli's standard accessories include particle counters, rate meters, and gear boxes. This microorganism is a nanotechnologist's dream. I will discuss the features that make it so, from the perspectives of several scientific disciplines: anatomy, genetics, chemistry, and physics.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0031-9228 , 1945-0699
    RVK:
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: AIP Publishing
    Publikationsdatum: 2000
    ZDB Id: 2031187-4
    ZDB Id: 208863-0
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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