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  • Englisch  (7)
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  • 1
    UID:
    b3kat_BV040618115
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausgabe World Bank E-Library Archive Sonstige Standardnummer des Gesamttitels: 041181-4
    Ausgabe: Also available in print.
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3510
    Inhalt: "Alsop and Heinsohn present an analytic framework that can be used to measure and monitor empowerment processes and outcomes. The measuring empowerment framework, rooted in both conceptual discourse and measurement practice, illustrates how to gather data on empowerment and structure its analysis. The framework can be used to measure empowerment at both the intervention level and the country level, as a part of poverty or governance monitoring. The authors first provide a definition of empowerment and then explain how the concept can be reduced to measurable components. Empowerment is defined as a person's capacity to make effective choices--that is, the capacity to transform choices into desired actions and outcomes. The extent or degree to which a person is empowered is influenced by personal agency (the capacity to make purposive choice) and opportunity structure (the institutional context in which choice is made). Asset endowments are used as indicators of agency. These assets may be psychological, informational, organizational, material, social, financial, or human. Opportunity structure is measured by the presence and operation of formal and informal institutions, including the laws, regulatory frameworks, and norms governing behavior. Degrees of empowerment are measured by the existence of choice, the use of choice, and the achievement of choice. Following the conceptual discussion and the presentation of the analytic framework, the authors show how the measuring empowerment framework can be applied using examples from four development interventions. Each example discusses how the framework guided analysis and development of empowerment indicators. They also present a draft module for measuring empowerment at the country level.
    Inhalt: [Fortsetzung 1. Abstract] The module can be used alone or be integrated into country-level poverty or governance monitoring systems that seek to add an empowerment dimension to their analysis. This paper--a product of the Poverty Reduction Group, Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Network--is part of a larger effort in the network to conceptualize, operationalize, and measure empowerment"--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references. - Title from PDF file as viewed on 2/9/2005 , Erscheinungsjahr in Vorlageform:[2005]
    Weitere Ausg.: Reproduktion von Alsop, Ruth Measuring empowerment in practice 2005
    Sprache: Englisch
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    UID:
    b3kat_BV040618180
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausgabe World Bank E-Library Archive Sonstige Standardnummer des Gesamttitels: 041181-4
    Ausgabe: Also available in print.
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3575
    Inhalt: "An institution found in many traditional societies is the extended family system (kin system), an informal system of shared rights and obligations among extended family for the purpose of mutual assistance. In predominantly non-market economies, the kin system is a valuable institution providing critical community goods and insurance services in the absence of market or public provision. But what happens when the market sector grows in the process of economic development? How do the members of kin groups respond, individually and collectively, to such changes? When the kin system "meets" the modern economy, does the kin system act as a "vehicle of progress" helping its members adapt, or as an "instrument of stagnation" holding back its members from benefiting from market development? In reality, the consequences of membership in a kin group have been varied for people in different parts of the world. Hoff and Sen characterize the conditions under which the kin system becomes a dysfunctional institution when facing an expanding modern economy. The authors first show that when there are moral hazard problems in the modern sector, the kin system may exacerbate them. When modern sector employers foresee that, they will offer employment opportunities on inferior terms to members of ethnic groups that practice the kin system. These entry barriers in the market, in turn, create an incentive for some individuals to break ties with their kin group, which hurts members of the group who stay back in the traditional sector.
    Inhalt: [Fortsetzung 1. Abstract] The authors then show in a simple migration model that if a kin group can take collective action to raise exit barriers, then even if migrating to the modern sector and breaking ties increases aggregate welfare (and even if a majority of members are expected to gain ex post, after the resolution of uncertainty about the identity of the winners and losers), a majority of agents within a kin group may support ex ante raising the exit barrier to prevent movement to the modern sector. This result is an example of the bias toward the status quo analyzed by Raquel Fernandez and Dani Rodrik in the context of trade reform. The authors do not claim that all kin groups will necessarily exhibit such a bias against beneficial regime changes. But they provide a clear intuition about the forces that can lead to the collective conservatism of a kin system facing expanding opportunities in a market economy-forces that can lead the kin group to become a poverty trap for its members. "--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references. - Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/4/2005 , Erscheinungsjahr in Vorlageform:[2005] , Weitere Ausgabe: Hoff, Karla Ruth: The kin system as a poverty trap?
    Weitere Ausg.: Reproduktion von Hoff, Karla Ruth The kin system as a poverty trap? 2005
    Sprache: Englisch
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    UID:
    b3kat_BV040617922
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausgabe World Bank E-Library Archive Sonstige Standardnummer des Gesamttitels: 041181-4
    Ausgabe: Also available in print.
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3316
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references. - Title from PDF file as viewed on 6/7/2004 , Erscheinungsjahr in Vorlageform:[2004] , Weitere Ausgabe: Hoff, Karla Ruth: Homeownership, community interactions, and segregation
    Weitere Ausg.: Reproduktion von Hoff, Karla Ruth Homeownership, community interactions, and segregation 2004
    Sprache: Englisch
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    UID:
    b3kat_BV040617957
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausgabe World Bank E-Library Archive Sonstige Standardnummer des Gesamttitels: 041181-4
    Ausgabe: Also available in print.
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3351
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references. - Title from PDF file as viewed on 7/2/2004 , Erscheinungsjahr in Vorlageform:[2004] , Weitere Ausgabe: Hoff, Karla Ruth: Belief systems and durable inequalities
    Weitere Ausg.: Reproduktion von Hoff, Karla Ruth Belief systems and durable inequalities 2004
    Sprache: Englisch
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    UID:
    b3kat_BV040617958
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausgabe World Bank E-Library Archive Sonstige Standardnummer des Gesamttitels: 041181-4
    Ausgabe: Also available in print.
    Serie: Policy research working paper 3352
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references. - Title from PDF file as viewed on 7/2/2004 , Erscheinungsjahr in Vorlageform:[2004] , Weitere Ausgabe: Hoff, Karla Ruth: The transition from communism
    Weitere Ausg.: Reproduktion von Hoff, Karla Ruth The transition from communism 2004
    Sprache: Englisch
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    UID:
    b3kat_BV040619351
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausgabe World Bank E-Library Archive Sonstige Standardnummer des Gesamttitels: 041181-4
    Ausgabe: Also available in print.
    Serie: Policy research working paper 4747
    Inhalt: "The authors develop and implement a method for measuring the frequency of changes in power among distinct leaders and ideologically distinct parties that is comparable across political systems. The authors find that more frequent alternation in power is associated with the emergence of better governance in post communist countries. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that firms seek durable protection from the state, which implies that expected political alternation is relevant to the decision whether to invest in influence with the governing party or, alternatively, to demand institutions that apply predictable rules, with equality of treatment, regardless of the party in power. "--World Bank web site
    Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references. - Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/12/2009 , Erscheinungsjahr in Vorlageform:[2008] , Weitere Ausgabe: Milanovic, Branko: Political alternation as a restraint on investing in influence
    Weitere Ausg.: Reproduktion von Milanovic, Branko Political alternation as a restraint on investing in influence 2008
    Sprache: Englisch
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C., USA : The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank
    UID:
    b3kat_BV040615140
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (vii, 65 p) , ill , 28 cm
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausgabe World Bank E-Library Archive Sonstige Standardnummer des Gesamttitels: 041181-4
    ISBN: 0821349309
    Anmerkung: "This report represents the collaborative effort of three partners--The World Bank, The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), and the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB)"--Acknowledgments p. - Includes bibliographical references (p. 63-65)
    Weitere Ausg.: Reproduktion von Levine, Ruth The health of women in Latin America and the Caribbean 2001
    Sprache: Englisch
    Schlagwort(e): Karibik ; Frau ; Gesundheit ; Lateinamerika ; Frau ; Gesundheit
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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