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Format: 1 online resource (527 pages)

ISBN: 9783319511030

Series Statement: Signals and Communication Technology Ser.

Note: Intro -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- Acronyms -- Part I Theoretical Performance of Error-Correcting Codes -- 1 Bounds on Error-Correction Coding Performance -- 1.1 Gallager's Coding Theorem -- 1.1.1 Linear Codes with a Binomial Weight Distribution -- 1.1.2 Covering Radius of Codes -- 1.1.3 Usefulness of Bounds -- 1.2 Bounds on the Construction of Error-Correcting Codes -- 1.2.1 Upper Bounds -- 1.2.2 Lower Bounds -- 1.2.3 Lower Bounds from Code Tables -- 1.3 Summary -- References -- 2 Soft and Hard Decision Decoding Performance -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Hard Decision Performance -- 2.2.1 Complete and Bounded Distance Decoding -- 2.2.2 The Performance of Codes on the Binary Symmetric Channel -- 2.3 Soft Decision Performance -- 2.3.1 Performance Assuming a Binomial Weight Distribution -- 2.3.2 Performance of Self-dual Codes -- 2.4 Summary -- References -- 3 Soft Decision and Quantised Soft Decision Decoding -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Soft Decision Bounds -- 3.3 Examples -- 3.4 A Hard Decision Dorsch Decoder and BCH Codes -- 3.5 Summary -- References -- Part II Code Construction -- 4 Cyclotomic Cosets, the Mattson--Solomon Polynomial, Idempotents and Cyclic Codes -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Cyclotomic Cosets -- 4.3 The Mattson--Solomon Polynomial -- 4.4 Binary Cyclic Codes Derived from Idempotents -- 4.4.1 Non-Primitive Cyclic Codes Derived from Idempotents -- 4.5 Binary Cyclic Codes of Odd Lengths from 129 to 189 -- 4.6 Summary -- References -- 5 Good Binary Linear Codes -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Algorithms to Compute the Minimum Hamming Distance of Binary Linear Codes -- 5.2.1 The First Approach to Minimum Distance Evaluation -- 5.2.2 Brouwer's Algorithm for Linear Codes -- 5.2.3 Zimmermann's Algorithm for Linear Codes and Some Improvements -- 5.2.4 Chen's Algorithm for Cyclic Codes -- 5.2.5 Codeword Enumeration Algorithm. , 5.3 Binary Cyclic Codes of Lengths 129 len le 189 -- 5.4 Some New Binary Cyclic Codes Having Large Minimum Distance -- 5.5 Constructing New Codes from Existing Ones -- 5.5.1 New Binary Codes from Cyclic Codes of Length 151 -- 5.5.2 New Binary Codes from Cyclic Codes of Length ge 199 -- 5.6 Concluding Observations on Producing New Binary Codes -- 5.7 Summary -- References -- 6 Lagrange Codes -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Lagrange Interpolation -- 6.3 Lagrange Error-Correcting Codes -- 6.4 Error-Correcting Codes Derived from the Lagrange Coefficients -- 6.5 Goppa Codes -- 6.6 BCH Codes as Goppa Codes -- 6.7 Extended BCH Codes as Goppa Codes -- 6.8 Binary Codes from MDS Codes -- 6.9 Summary -- References -- 7 Reed--Solomon Codes and Binary Transmission -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Reed--Solomon Codes Used with Binary Transmission-Hard Decisions -- 7.3 Reed--Solomon Codes and Binary Transmission Using Soft Decisions -- 7.4 Summary -- References -- 8 Algebraic Geometry Codes -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Motivation for Studying AG Codes -- 8.2.1 Bounds Relevant to Algebraic Geometry Codes -- 8.3 Curves and Planes -- 8.3.1 Important Theorems and Concepts -- 8.3.2 Construction of AG Codes -- 8.4 Generalised AG Codes -- 8.4.1 Concept of Places of Higher Degree -- 8.4.2 Generalised Construction -- 8.5 Summary -- References -- 9 Algebraic Quasi Cyclic Codes -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Background and Notation -- 9.2.1 Description of Double-Circulant Codes -- 9.3 Good Double-Circulant Codes -- 9.3.1 Circulants Based Upon Prime Numbers Congruent to pm3 Modulo 8 -- 9.3.2 Circulants Based Upon Prime Numbers Congruent to +1 mod 8, or -1 mod 8: Cyclic Codes -- 9.4 Code Construction -- 9.4.1 Double-Circulant Codes from Extended Quadratic Residue Codes -- 9.4.2 Pure Double-Circulant Codes for Primes +3 mod 8, or -3 mod 8 -- 9.4.3 Quadratic Double-Circulant Codes. , 9.5 Evaluation of the Number of Codewords of Given Weight -- 9.6 Weight Distributions -- 9.6.1 The Number of Codewords of a Given Weight in Quadratic Double-Circulant Codes -- 9.6.2 The Number of Codewords of a Given Weight in Extended Quadratic Residue Codes -- 9.7 Minimum Distance Evaluation: A Probabilistic Approach -- 9.8 Conclusions -- 9.9 Summary -- References -- 10 Historical Convolutional Codes as Tail-Biting Block Codes -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Convolutional Codes and Circulant Block Codes -- 10.3 Summary -- References -- 11 Analogue BCH Codes and Direct Reduced Echelon Parity Check Matrix Construction -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Analogue BCH Codes and DFT Codes -- 11.3 Error-Correction of Bandlimited Data -- 11.4 Analogue BCH Codes Based on Arbitrary Field Elements -- 11.5 Examples -- 11.5.1 Example of Simple (5,3,3) Analogue Code -- 11.5.2 Example of Erasures Correction Using (15,10,4) Binary BCH code -- 11.5.3 Example of (128, 112, 17) Analogue BCH Code and Error-Correction of Audio Data (Music) Subjected to Impulsive Noise -- 11.6 Conclusions and Future Research -- 11.7 Summary -- References -- 12 LDPC Codes -- 12.1 Background and Notation -- 12.1.1 Random Constructions -- 12.1.2 Algebraic Constructions -- 12.1.3 Non-binary Constructions -- 12.2 Algebraic LDPC Codes -- 12.2.1 Mattson--Solomon Domain Construction of Binary Cyclic LDPC Codes -- 12.2.2 Non-Binary Extension of the Cyclotomic Coset-Based LDPC Codes -- 12.3 Irregular LDPC Codes from Progressive Edge-Growth Construction -- 12.4 Quasi-cyclic LDPC Codes and Protographs -- 12.4.1 Quasi-cyclic LDPC Codes -- 12.4.2 Construction of Quasi-cyclic Codes Using a Protograph -- 12.5 Summary -- References -- Part III Analysis and Decoders -- 13 An Exhaustive Tree Search for Stopping Sets of LDPC Codes -- 13.1 Introduction and Preliminaries. , 13.2 An Efficient Tree Search Algorithm -- 13.2.1 An Efficient Lower Bound -- 13.2.2 Best Next Coordinate Position Selection -- 13.3 Results -- 13.3.1 WiMax LDPC Codes -- 13.4 Conclusions -- 13.5 Summary -- References -- 14 Erasures and Error-Correcting Codes -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Derivation of the PDF of Correctable Erasures -- 14.2.1 Background and Definitions -- 14.2.2 The Correspondence Between Uncorrectable Erasure Patterns and Low-Weight Codewords -- 14.3 Probability of Decoder Error -- 14.4 Codes Whose Weight Enumerator Coefficients Are Approximately Binomial -- 14.5 MDS Shortfall for Examples of Algebraic, LDPC and Turbo Codes -- 14.5.1 Turbo Codes with Dithered Relative Prime (DRP) Interleavers -- 14.5.2 Effects of Weight Spectral Components -- 14.6 Determination of the dmin of Any Linear Code -- 14.7 Summary -- References -- 15 The Modified Dorsch Decoder -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 The Incremental Correlation Dorsch Decoder -- 15.3 Number of Codewords that Need to Be Evaluated to Achieve -- 15.4 Results for Some Powerful Binary Codes -- 15.4.1 The (136, 68, 24) Double-Circulant Code -- 15.4.2 The (255, 175, 17) Euclidean Geometry (EG) Code -- 15.4.3 The (513, 467, 12) Extended Binary Goppa Code -- 15.4.4 The (1023, 983, 9) BCH Code -- 15.5 Extension to Non-binary Codes -- 15.5.1 Results for the (63, 36, 13) GF(4) BCH Code -- 15.6 Conclusions -- 15.7 Summary -- References -- 16 A Concatenated Error-Correction System Using the 69640972 u69640972 u+v69640972 Code Construction -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 Description of the System -- 16.3 Concatenated Coding and Modulation Formats -- 16.4 Summary -- References -- Part IV Applications -- 17 Combined Error Detection and Error-Correction -- 17.1 Analysis of Undetected Error Probability -- 17.2 Incremental-Redundancy Coding System -- 17.2.1 Description of the System -- 17.3 Summary. , References -- 18 Password Correction and Confidential Information Access System -- 18.1 Introduction and Background -- 18.2 Details of the Password System -- 18.3 Summary -- References -- 19 Variations on the McEliece Public Key Cryptoystem -- 19.1 Introduction and Background -- 19.1.1 Outline of Different Variations of the Encryption System -- 19.2 Details of the Encryption System -- 19.3 Reducing the Public Key Size -- 19.4 Reducing the Cryptogram Length Without Loss of Security -- 19.5 Security of the Cryptosystem -- 19.5.1 Probability of a k timesk Random Matrix Being Full Rank -- 19.5.2 Practical Attack Algorithms -- 19.6 Applications -- 19.7 Summary -- References -- 20 Error-Correcting Codes and Dirty Paper Coding -- 20.1 Introduction and Background -- 20.2 Description of the System -- 20.3 Summary -- References -- Index.

Additional Edition: Print version: Tomlinson, Martin Error-Correction Coding and Decoding Cham : Springer International Publishing AG,c2017 ISBN 9783319511023

Language: English

Subjects: Mathematics

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Format: 1 online resource (209 pages)

Edition: 1st ed.

ISBN: 9780415282031 , 9780203216965

Series Statement: New International Relations Series

Content: Analyses the complexities of current warfare by zooming in from the global sphere to local spots of organised violence. Raises questions about the idea of intra-state wars and shows that these wars are inseparably linked to the global economy

Note: Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Tabel of Contents -- Contributors -- Series Editor's Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction: Towards Global Civil War? -- Part I: Theories of War-Making and State-Making Under Global Constraints -- 1: A Political Economy of Intra-State War: Confronting a Paradox -- 2: State Formation and the Economy of Intra-State Wars -- Part II: Policies of Reconstruction and Punishment -- 3: Protectorates and Spoils of Peace: Political Economy in South-East Europe -- 4: Suspended Reality: Historical Perspectives on the Political Economy of Northern Iraq -- 5: The War on Drugs in the Creation of the New World (Dis)order -- Part III: Cases of War Economies -- 6: Profiting from War: Economic Rationality and War in Lebanon -- 7: Between Ethnic Collision and Mafia Collusion: The "Balkan Route" to State-Making -- 8: Assisting Structures of Violence? Humanitarian Assistance in the Somali Conflict -- 9: Conclusions: The Political Economy of War-Making and State-Making in a Globalizing World -- Index

Additional Edition: Print version Jung, Dietrich Shadow Globalization, Ethnic Conflicts and New Wars Oxford : Taylor & Francis Group,c2003 ISBN 9780415282031

Language: English

Keywords: Electronic books

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Format: 1 online resource (225 pages)

Edition: 1st ed.

ISBN: 9780367569433 , 9781000207743

Series Statement: Routledge Advances in Korean Studies

Content: The Contributors to this book explore the current situation of North Korea in various aspects and provide policy suggestions for North Korea to become part of the international community and achieve sustainable development

Note: Cover -- Half Title -- Series -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- List of figures -- List of tables -- List of abbreviations, acronyms, symbols, and units -- List of contributors -- Acknowledgement -- Part I Macroeconomic perspective -- 1 Reformation open-door policy and development proposals for North Korea -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Concept transition (system transformation) and outcome/performance -- 2.1 Concept of transition -- 2.2 Comparison of economic performances of transition countries -- 2.3 Economic outcomes of East Asian transition countries -- 3 Reform toward an open-door policy for North Korea and its prospects -- 3.1 Existing research on economic effects and limitations -- 3.2 Comprehensive direction for reform and the opening up of North Korea's economy -- 4 Economic policy recommendations -- 2 Economic characteristics and prospects for economic development of North Korea -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Endowed resource conditions and characteristics of North Korea -- 2.1 Agricultural resources -- 2.2 Mineral resources -- 2.3 Hydroelectric resources -- 2.4 Human resources -- 2.5 Geographic location -- 3 Basic characteristics of the economy in North Korea -- 3.1 Vulnerable drives for economic growth -- 3.2 Formation of dual economic structures -- 3.3 High external economic dependency -- 4 Transition of development routes and prospects for economic development of North Korea -- 4.1 Background on the transition of development routes -- 4.2 Two aspects of economic construction of North Korea -- 4.3 Prospects for economic development of North Korea -- 5 Conclusion -- 3 North Korea's marketization in the Kim Jong-un era: facts, evaluation, and outlook -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Current status of marketization in the Kim Jong-un era -- 2.1 Expansion of existing markets -- 2.2 The creation and expansion of new markets , 2.1.1 Lifting of US sanctions against Vietnam -- 2.1.2 Normalization of diplomatic relations (July 1995), ratification of the US-Vietnam trade agreement (2001), and accession to the WTO (November 2006, 150th member country) -- 2.2 Implications for North Korea in financing -- 2.2.1 The impact of international sanctions against North Korea -- 2.3 Normalization of US-North Korean relations and the accession to international financial institutions -- 3 A system for attracting private investment from the international community -- 3.1 The task of reforming the financial sector -- 3.1.1 Establishment of a market-oriented, two-tiered banking system and readjustment of non-performing loans -- 3.1.2 Reform of the exchange rate system -- 3.1.3 Problems related to inflation -- 3.1.4 Accessibility to international payment and settlement networks -- 4 Conclusion -- 7 Effect of WTO accession on North Korea and its implication for economic development -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The meaning of North Korea's WTO accession and its process -- 3 The effect of WTO accession on North Korea -- 3.1 Impact on trade -- 3.2 Impact on FDI -- 3.3 North Korea's system reform -- 4 North Korea's essential prerequisite for WTO accession and policy implications -- 5 Conclusion -- Part II Sectoral approach and strategy -- 8 Analysis of North Korea's agricultural revolution after economic crisis -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Agricultural reformation in Kim Jong-il's era -- 2.1 The legacy of Kim Il-sung and the basis for new agricultural conditions -- 2.2 Agriculture reformation measures of the 1990s -- 2.2.1 Improving the distribution of the new sub-work team management (NSTM) system -- 2.2.2 Assessment of the NSTM system -- 2.2.3 Economic reform measures in the 2000s: 7.1 economic management improvement measures -- 3 Reformation and opening in the Kim Jong-un era , 2.3 The expansion of private enterprise: progress in de facto privatization -- 3 Characteristics and evaluation of North Korean marketization -- 3.1 Hierarchical structure of North Korean marketization -- 3.2 Institutionalization and grey zone policy of North Korean marketization -- 3.3 The emergence of domestic markets -- 3.4 Expansion of linkage between state economy and marketization -- 3.5 Evolution of North Korean authorities' perception of the market -- 3.6 Characteristics and limitations of North Korean marketization -- 4 Conclusion -- 4 The economic effects of integration of South and North Korea -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The CGE model -- 3 Model setup and scenarios -- 3.1 KIEP (2011) -- 3.2 Sung (2014) -- 4 Result of analyses -- 4.1 KIEP (2011) -- 4.2 Sung (2014) -- 4.3 Results of KIEP (2011) and Sung (2014) compared -- 5 Conclusion -- 5 Industrial structure and development strategy in North Korea -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Economic development strategy and industrial structure in North Korea -- 2.1 An overview of economic development strategies in North Korea: from the liberation until present day -- 2.2 The transition of industrial structure in North Korea: from the liberation until present day -- 3 North Korea's future development strategy and industrial structure -- 3.1 North Korea's future economic development strategy -- 3.1.1 Conditions for economic development: capital, markets, and comparative advantage -- 3.1.2 The pace of economic development: catch-up and leapfrogging development -- 3.2 North Korea's future industrial structure -- 3.2.1 Light industry -- 3.2.2 IT industry -- 4 Summary and conclusion -- 6 Financing the reform and opening of North Korea: what is the precondition? -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Transition to market economy and financing: the case of Vietnam -- 2.1 The process of reform, opening, and financing in Vietnam , 3.1 North Korea's international cooperation in the environmental sector -- 3.2 North Korea's clean development mechanism (CDM) under the Kyoto Protocol -- 4 Opportunities for North Korea's sustainable development and climate change actions -- 4.1 Mechanisms of the PA for supporting climate actions in developing countries -- 4.2 Climate change response cooperation between the two Koreas through a cooperative approach and carbon market integration -- 5 Conclusion -- 12 Impact of forest degradation in North Korea and restoration methodology -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Current Status of forest and degraded land in North Korea -- 3 Cases and impact of degraded forest in North Korea -- 3.1 Denuded land increasing by energy scarcity -- 3.2 Cultivated forest growth resulting from food shortage -- 3.3 Impact for forest ecosystem services according to deforestation -- 4 Restoration methods for degraded forest in North Korea -- 4.1 Restoration of degraded forest and ecosystem services (water-food-energy stability) -- 4.1.1 Degradation phase -- 4.1.2 Restoration phase -- 4.1.3 Sustainability phase -- 4.2 Prior preparation for a forest restoration project in North Korea -- 4.3 Methods of restoration in North Korea -- 5 International cooperation to restore degraded forest in North Korea -- 5.1 International cooperation connecting global issues with forest restoration in North Korea -- 5.2 Multilateral cooperation between North Korea, South Korea, and international organizations -- 5.3 International cooperation project led by an inter-Korean cooperation -- 6 Conclusion -- Index , 3.1 Reformation in the agricultural production sector -- 3.2 Efforts to attract agricultural investments through the open door -- 3.3 Evaluation of agricultural reform and opening policy in the Kim Jong-un era -- 4 Conclusion -- 9 Innovative urban planning and development for Pyongyang through collaboration with developed cities -- 1 Introduction -- 2 A brief analysis of urban planning and development in Seoul, Singapore, and Pyongyang -- 2.1 Urbanization of the cities after the 1950s-1960s -- 2.2 History of urban planning and development in the cities -- 2.3 Character of existing urban structure in the city centers -- 3 C2C collaboration by Pyongyang with other cities utilizing urban planning and development experiences of Singapore and Seoul -- 3.1 C2C (city-to-city) approach -- 3.2 Lessons learned from Singapore and Seoul -- 3.2.1 Land use planning -- 3.2.2 Development control -- 3.2.3 Urban design -- 3.2.4 Building conservation -- 3.2.5 Land sales -- 3.2.6 Carpark management -- 3.3 Strategies of urban planning and development collaborations from experiences of Singapore and Seoul -- 4 Conclusion -- 10 Projections on North Korea's energy use and CO2 emissions -- 1 Introduction -- 2 North Korea's energy, economic, and social situations -- 2.1 Economic and social conditions -- 2.2 Energy situation -- 3 Methodology and analysis -- 3.1 LMDI-Kaya identity decomposition -- 3.2 Analysis -- 4 Energy supply and CO2 emissions projection of North Korea -- 4.1 Projection of North Korea's energy supply -- 4.2 Projection of North Korea's CO2 emissions -- 4.3 North Korea's voluntary emissions reduction targets -- 5 Conclusion -- 11 The Paris Agreement and North Korea's sustainable development -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Paris Agreement and sustainable development -- 3 North Korea's response to climate change

Additional Edition: Print version Jung, Tae Yong Development Prospects for North Korea Oxford : Taylor & Francis Group,c2020 ISBN 9780367569433

Language: English

Keywords: Electronic books

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Format: 1 online resource (178 pages)

Edition: 1st ed.

ISBN: 9783034615167

Series Statement: In DETAIL Series

Note: Intro -- Living in Terraced Housing -- From Villa to Terraced House Typological Obseravations on Semidetached and Terraced Homes -- Guidelines to Energy-Efficient Building with Special Consideration of Construction of Semidetached and Terraced Houses -- Table of projects according to materials used -- Housing Development in Gantschier -- Terraced Housing in Innsbruck -- Housing Development in Viken -- Patchwork House in Müllheim -- Terraced Housing in Darmstadt -- Housing Development in Stuttgart -- Holiday Houses in Hvide Sande -- Terraced Housing in Mulhouse -- Housing Groups in Almere -- Terraced Housing in Kanoya -- Sound-Barrier Terraced Housing in Hilversum -- Terraced Housing Row in Munich -- Semi-Detached Houses in Münchenstein -- City Houses in Nuremberg -- Terraced Housing in Küsnacht -- Terraced Housing in Göppingen -- Housing Development in Gouda -- Housing Development in Neu-Ulm -- Semi-Detached Houses in Seville -- Semi-Detached Housing Development in Ostfildern -- Multi-Generational House in Karlsbad -- Embankment Houses in Bietigheim-Bissingen -- Row Housing in Berlin -- Architects -- Authors -- Bibliography -- Picture credits

Additional Edition: Print version Schittich, Christian Semi-Detached and Terraced Houses Basel/Berlin/Boston : Walter de Gruyter GmbH,c2006 ISBN 9783764374891

Language: English

Keywords: Electronic books ; Electronic books

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