Kooperativer Bibliotheksverbund

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Umfang: Online-Ressource (digital)

ISBN: 9780387746722

Serie: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 612

Inhalt: This comprehensive book contains the latest information on diverse biological functions of relaxin and related peptide found since the recent discovery of relaxin receptors. It also describes the evolution of relaxin family peptides and their receptors, molecular mechanisms of ligand/receptor interaction and the analysis of activated signaling pathways.

Inhalt: Relaxin and Related Peptides discusses the established paradigms, the contradictions, and the most recent findings and future directions in the field of relaxin research. The array of diverse topics are highlighted, ranging from evolution of relaxin family peptides and receptors to their cell signaling, from the role of relaxin in reproduction to the newly discovered functions in cancer progression and in the nervous system. This book includes chapters written by well-known experts in the relaxin field who are actively involved in shaping this rapidly evolving science. The four major ongoing areas of research described in this book will likely attract investigators for years to come, since many basic scientific questions remain unanswered at this time. The availability of structural databases, new experimental techniques, and high quality hormone preparations, antibodies and other reagents enable rigorous investigation. Relaxin and Related Peptides offers a fresh perspective along with different points of view, opinions and disagreements.

Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index , CONTENTS; PREFACE; FOREWORD; 1. THE EVOLUTION OF THE RELAXIN PEPTIDE FAMILY AND THEIR RECEPTORS; Abstract; Introduction; The Relaxin Peptides; Relaxin; Relaxin-3; Insulin-Like Peptide 3 (INSL3); Insulin-Like Peptide 4 (INSL4); Insulin-Like Peptide 5 (INSL5); Insulin-Like Peptide 6 (INSL6); The Evolution of the Relaxin Peptide Family; The Relaxin Peptide Family Receptors; Leucine Rich Repeat Containing G Protein-Coupled Receptors 7 and (LGR7 and LGR8); GPCR135 and GPCR142; Receptor Nomenclature; The Evolution of the Relaxin Peptide Family Receptors , Co-Evolution of the Relaxin Peptide Family and Their Receptors2. RELAXIN, THE RELAXIN-LIKE FACTOR AND THEIR RECEPTORS; Abstract; Relaxin; RLF; 3. DIVERSE SIGNALLING MECHANISMS USED BY RELAXIN IN NATURAL CELLS AND TISSUES: THE EVOLUTION OF A ""NEOHORMONE''; Abstract; Introduction; Evolution of Signalling Systems; Relaxin as a Model Neohormone System; Stimulation of cAMP Accumulation; Relaxin Stimulation of PI3-Kinase and Protein Kinase C5 (PKC5); Is Relaxin Action Connected to Ca++ Flux in Stimulated Cells?; Relaxin Can Act Through the Glucocorticoid Receptor (GR) , Downstream Effects of Relaxin-Dependent Cell SignallingLocal Relaxin Systems; Concluding Remarks; 4. RELAXIN PHYSIOLOGY IN THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE TRACT DURING PREGNANCY; Abstract; Introduction; Relaxin Receptors; Effects of Relaxin on the Cervix; Effects of Relaxin on the Vagina; Effects of Relaxin on the Uterus; Summary; 5. RELAXIN AND RELATED PEPTIDES IN MALE REPRODUCTION; Abstract; Relaxin in Male Reproduction; Other Relaxin Peptides in Male Reproduction; Insulin-Like Peptide 3 (INSL3); Summary and Future Directions; 6. THE VASCULAR ACTIONS OF RELAXIN; Abstract; Introduction , Part 1. Contribution of Relaxin to Normal Vascular FunctionPart 2. Relaxin and Vascular Dysfunction: Implications for Relaxin as a Therapeutic Agent; Part 3. Controversies, Unresolved Issues and Future Directions; 7. THE EFFECTS OF RELAXIN ON EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX REMODELING IN HEALTH AND FIBROTIC DISEASE; Abstract; Introduction; The Extracellular Matrix (ECM); Fibroblasts; Fibrosis; The Matrix Remodeling Effects of Exogenous Relaxin; The Protective Effects of Endogenous Relaxin; Mechanism of Relaxin's Antifibrotic Properties; Conclusions , 8. RELAXIN-LIKE LIGAND-RECEPTOR SYSTEMS ARE AUTOCRINE/PARACRINE EFFECTORS IN TUMOR CELLS AND MODULATE CANCER PROGRESSION AND TISSUE INVASIVENESSAbstract; Introduction; Prostate Cancer; Thyroid Cancer; Cancer of Female Organs with Reproductive Functions; Future Directions; 9. RELAXIN-FAMILY PEPTIDE AND RECEPTOR SYSTEMS IN BRAIN; Abstract; Discovery of Relaxin Family Genes and Peptides; Human and Rodent Relaxin Family Peptides - Gene Characteristics and Biosynthesis; Relaxin Family Peptide Receptors: Discovery, Distribution and Structure-Activity , Relaxin and Related Peptides: Peripheral and Central Distribution

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 9780387746708

Weitere Ausg.: Buchausg. u.d.T. Relaxin and related peptides New York, NY : Springer Science+Business Media LLC, 2007 ISBN 9780387746708

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 0387746706

Sprache: Englisch

Fachgebiete: Biologie

Schlagwort(e): Relaxin ; Physiologische Chemie ; Relaxin ; Konferenzschrift ; Aufsatzsammlung

DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-74672-2

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Umfang: Online-Ressource , v.: digital

ISBN: 9780387095509

Serie: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 635

Anmerkung: In: Springer-Online

Sprache: Englisch

Fachgebiete: Biologie

Schlagwort(e): Electronic books

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UID:

Umfang: Online-Ressource (VIII, 320 p. 89 illus., 62 illus. in color, digital)

ISBN: 9781461441182

Serie: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 734

Inhalt: This book highlights progress and trends in the rapidly evolving field of complement-related drug discovery and spotlights examples of clinical applications. As an integral part of innate immunity and critical mediator in homeostatic and inflammatory processes, the human complement system has been identified as contributor to a large number of disorders including ocular, cardiovascular, metabolic, autoimmune, and inflammatory diseases as well as in ischemia/reperfusion injury, cancer and sepsis. In addition, complement is often involved in adverse immune reactions to biomaterials, cell and organ transplants or drug delivery systems. Although the complement cascade with its close to 50 extracellular protein targets has long been recognized as an attractive system for therapeutic modulation, the past few years have seen a particularly strong boost in interest. Fueled by novel research insight and the marketing of the first complement-targeted drugs, a plethora of highly creative treatment approaches and potent drug candidates have recently emerged and are currently evaluated in disease models and clinical trials. The chapters in this book cover a wide range of topics related to the development of complement therapeutics, ranging from the molecular and functional description of complement targets to the presentation of novel inhibitors, improved treatment strategies as well as examples of disease models and clinical applications. The broad and up-to-date overview on a highly versatile and dynamic field renders this book an indispensable source of information for researchers and clinicians dealing with therapeutic and disease-related aspects of the human complement system.

Anmerkung: Description based upon print version of record , Complement Therapeutics; Preface; Contents; Chapter 1: Progress and Trends in Complement Therapeutics; 1.1 Of Dogmas, Challenges, and Opportunities: The Changing Field of Complement Research; 1.2 Finding the Achilles' Heel of Complement, One Disease at a Time; 1.2.1 A Broad Range of Diseases Warrant a Broad Range of Strategies; 1.2.2 Is There an Optimal Point of Intervention?; 1.2.3 Safe Ride or Tightrope Walk? A (Cautious) Risk Assessment; 1.3 A Handyman's Toolbox of Complement Inhibition; 1.3.1 Towards More Selective Protease Inhibitors , 1.3.2 Block It: Protein Interaction Inhibitors from Big to Small1.3.3 Build Your Own Regulator; 1.3.4 A Friendly Reception: Prevention of In fl ammatory Signaling; 1.3.5 Back to the Roots: Exploiting Natural Concepts; 1.4 Aim Before You Shoot: Targeting of Complement Drugs; 1.5 Alternative Concepts; 1.6 Pinpointing Activation Sources: Diagnostic Strategies; 1.7 Conclusions and Outlook; References; Chapter 2: Inhibition of the Serine Proteases of the Complement System; 2.1 The Key Role of Serine Proteases in Cascade Systems; 2.2 Major Types of Protease Inhibitors; 2.3 C1-Inhibitor , 2.4 Small-Molecule Inhibitors2.5 Engineered Protease Inhibitors; 2.6 Conclusions; References; Chapter 3: The Role of MASP-1/3 in Complement Activation; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Recognition Molecules Involved in Lectin Pathway Activation; 3.3 Structure and Function of MASPs; 3.4 Character of MASP-1 and MASP-3 (M1/3) Knockout Mouse; 3.4.1 Generation of MASP1/3 Knockout Mouse (M1/3KO); 3.4.2 Lectin Pathway Activation in M1/3 KO Mice; 3.4.3 M1/3KO Mice Lack Activation of the Alternative Complement Pathway; 3.4.4 Proenzyme of Df in M1/3KO Mice; 3.5 Novel Functions of MASP-1 and MASP-3 , 3.5.1 Recombinant MASP-1 Cleaves and Activates Pro-Df3.5.2 Characteristics of rMASP-3 and Its Activation; 3.5.3 MASP-3 Activates the Alternative Pathway; 3.6 Concluding Remark; References; Chapter 4: Membrane-Bound Complement Regulatory Proteins as Biomarkers and Potential Therapeutic Targets for SLE; 4.1 Membrane-Bound Complement Regulatory Proteins; 4.1.1 Decay-Accelerating Factor (DAF); 4.1.1.1 History; 4.1.1.2 Distribution; 4.1.1.3 Structure and Molecular Biology of DAF; 4.1.1.4 DAF as Receptor for Pathogens; 4.1.1.5 Functions of DAF; Complement Regulatory Role of DAF , DAF as a Ligand for Lymphocyte Antigen CD97DAF as a Signal Transducer; DAF in T Cell Immunity; 4.1.2 Membrane Cofactor Protein (MCP, CD46); 4.1.2.1 History; 4.1.2.2 Distribution; 4.1.2.3 Structure and Molecular Biology of MCP; 4.1.2.4 MCP as Receptor for Pathogens; 4.1.2.5 Function of MCP; Complement Regulatory Role of MCP; MCP in Signal Transduction; MCP in Human T Cell Immunity; MCP in Human B Cell Immunity; MCP and In fl ammation; 4.1.3 Complement Receptor 1 (CR1); 4.1.3.1 History; 4.1.3.2 Structure and Molecular Biology of CR1; 4.1.3.3 Functions of CR1; Regulation of Complement Cascade , Immune Complex Clearance

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 9781461441175

Weitere Ausg.: Buchausg. u.d.T. ISBN 978-1-461-44117-5

Sprache: Englisch

Fachgebiete: Biologie , Medizin

DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-4118-2

URL: Volltext

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URL: Cover

UID:

Umfang: Online-Ressource (digital)

ISBN: 9789048122592

Serie: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 648

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 9789048122585

Weitere Ausg.: Buchausg. u.d.T. ISBN 978-90-481-2258-5

Sprache: Englisch

Fachgebiete: Biologie

Schlagwort(e): Glomus caroticum ; Chemorezeptor

DOI: 10.1007/978-90-481-2259-2

URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)

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UID:

Umfang: Online-Ressource (digital)

ISBN: 9780387767154

Serie: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 621

Inhalt: This book proposes an updated view of the current knowledge of the molecular and cellular mechanisms ensuring axon growth and guidance. The introductory chapter will remind the readers of all the features of a growth cone and the mechanisms controlling its growth. From there, one enters a fabulous journey with a growth cone, a Tom Thumb story filled with molecular encounters and complex interactions leading to one of the most fantastic developmental achievements: the nervous system wiring.

Inhalt: This book proposes an updated view of the current knowledge of the molecular and cellular mechanisms ensuring axon growth and guidance. The introductory chapter will remind the readers of all the features of a growth cone and the mechanisms controlling its growth. From there, one enters a fabulous journey with a growth cone, a Tom Thumb story filled with molecular encounters and complex interactions leading to one of the most fantastic developmental achievements: the nervous system wiring. The journey starts with a description of the classical guidance signals such as the netrins, the semaphorins, the ephrins or the Slit family. The question of the exact definition of a guidance signal is addressed in a chapter which discusses whether neurotrophic factors can be considered as guidance cues. This complex question is also considered in a chapter presenting the role of adhesion molecules during axon guidance and the report of compelling evidence for a guidance effect of neurotransmitters. The diversity of the molecular cues used by growth cones to reach their targets is finally illustrated in a chapter describing the unexpected role of morphogenes as direct guidance signals.

Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index , CONTENTS; PREFACE; 1. MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF AXONAL GROWTH; Introduction; The Neuronal Growth Cone and its Cytoskeletal Organization; Mechanisms of Axonal Elongation; Regulation of the Cytoskeleton by Extracellular Cues, Role of Rho-GTPases; Growth Cone of Regenerating Axons; 2. NETRINS AND THEIR RECEPTORS; Introduction; Netrin Structure; Functional Roles for Netrins during Nervous System Development; Netrin Signal Transduction; Netrin in the Adult Nervous System; Conclusion and Perspectives; 3.Eph RECEPTORS AND EPHRIN LIGANDS IN AXON GUIDANCE; Introduction; Molecular Structure , Mechanisms of Signal TransductionFunctional Implications during Nervous System Development; Conclusion and Perspectives; 4. ROLE OF SEMAPHORINS DURING AXON GROWTH AND GUIDANCE; Introduction; Functional Roles of Semaphorins during Axon Guidance; Receptors of Secreted-Semaphorins: The Neuropilins; Receptors of Transmembrane-Semaphorins: The Plexin Family; Other Receptors Associated with Semaphorin Signaling; Intracellular Signal Transduction; Conclusion; 5. SLITS AND THEIR RECEPTORS; Introduction; Robo Partners; Molecular Control of Slit and Robo Expression , Multiple Functions for Slit/Robo in the Nervous SystemA Role for Slit and Robo in Neurological Disorders?; Perspectives; 6. NEUROTROPHIC FACTORS: ARE THEY AXON GUIDANCE MOLECULES?; Introduction; Evaluation of Neurotrophic Factors as Axon Guidance Molecules; The Discovery of the Neurotrophins; The Extended Family of Neurotrophic Factors; Neurotrophic Factors Can Promote Axon Growth and Orient Axons in Vitro; Neurotrophic Factors and Axon Guidance Molecules Use Common Signalling Pathways; The Role of Signalling Pathways in Axonal Chemoattraction by Neurotrophins and Netrin-l , Role of cAMP and Calcium Concentrations in ChemoattractionIn Vivo Tests of Neurotrophic Factors in Axon Guidance; Role of Neurotrophic Factors in Branching; Conclusions; 7. THE ROLE OF CELL ADHESION MOLECULES IN AXON GROWTH AND GUIDANCE; Introduction; Molecular Structure; Biophysical and Signaling Mechanisms; Functional Implication; Conclusion; 8. NEUROTRANSMITTERS AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEURONAL CIRCUITS; Introduction; Effects of Neurotransmitters on Growth Cone Steering; Glutamate: An Excitatory Transmitter and a Versatile Developmental Signal , Acetylcholine Acts as a Neuronal Guidance Signal during Brain DevelopmentThere Is More to GABA Than Synaptic Inhibition; Conclusions; 9. THE HEDGEHOG, TGF-ß/BMP AND Wnt FAMILIES OF MORPHOGENS IN AXON GUIDANCE; Introduction; Morphogens, Cell Fate Specification and Tissue Patterning; Morphogens in Axon Guidance; Interpreting Positional Information: Signaling Components in Axon Guidance and Cell Fate Specification; Conclusions and Perspectives; 10. THE ROLE OF CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDES IN AXON GUIDANCE; Introduction; Molecular Structure of Cyclic Nucleotides; Mechanisms of Signal Transduction , Functional Implications during Nervous System Development

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 9780387767147

Weitere Ausg.: Buchausg. u.d.T. Axon growth and guidance New York, NY : Springer [u.a.], 2007 ISBN 9780387767147

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 0387767142

Sprache: Englisch

Fachgebiete: Biologie

Schlagwort(e): Axon ; Physiologie ; Nervensystem ; Wachstum ; Axon ; Wachstum ; Genregulation ; Aufsatzsammlung

DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-76715-4

URL: Volltext

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UID:

Umfang: Online-Ressource (digital)

ISBN: 9780387788852

Serie: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 631

Inhalt: This fascinating book encourages many microbiologists and students to enter the new world of signal transduction in microbiology. Over the past decade, a vast amount of exciting new information on the signal transduction pathway in bacteria has been unearthed.

Inhalt: This fascinating book encourages many microbiologists and students to enter the new world of signal transduction in microbiology. Over the past decade, a vast amount of exciting new information on the signal transduction pathway in bacteria has been brought to light. Reports on these developments have been put together in this book, Bacterial Signal Transduction: Networks and Drug Targets. The aim of this book is to provide an incentive for graduate students, academic scientists, and researchers in the pharmaceutical industry to further elucidate the TCS networks and apply them in the search for novel drugs.

Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index , CONTENTS; 1. INTRODUCTION TO BACTERIAL SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION NETWORKS; 2. THE PHOQ/PHOP REGULATORY NETWORK OF SALMONELLA ENTERICA; 3. STRUCTURAL BASIS OF THE SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION IN THE TWO-COMPONENT SYSTEM; 4. THE TWO-COMPONENT NETWORK AND THE GENERAL STRESS SIGMA FACTOR RPOS (OS) IN ESCHERICHIA COLI; 5. SMALL RNAS CONTROLLED BY TWO-COMPONENT SYSTEMS; 6. TWO-COMPONENT SIGNALING AND GRAIN NEGATIVE ENVELOPE STRESS RESPONSE SYSTEMS; 7. DUAL REGULATION WITH SER/THR KINASE CASCADE AND A HIS/ASP TCS IN MYXOCOCCUS XANTHUS , 8. TWO-COMPONENT SIGNALING SYSTEMS AND CELL CYCLE CONTROL IN CAULOBACTER CRESCENTUS9. REGB/REGA, A GLOBAL REDOX-RESPONDING TWO-COMPONENT SYSTEM; 10. THE BVGS/BVGA PHOSPHORELAY SYSTEM OF PATHOGENIC BORDETELLAE: STRUCTURE, FUNCTION AND EVOLUTION; 11. CAPTURING THE VIRA/VIRG TCS OF AGRPBACTERIUM TUMEFACIENS; 12. QUORUM SENSING AND BIOFILM FORMATION BY STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS; 13 THE ROLES OF TWO-COMPONENT SYSTEMS IN VIRULENCE OF PATHOGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI AND SHIGELLA SPP; 14. VANCOMYCIN RESISTANCE VANS/VANR TWO-COMPONENT SYSTEMS , 15 TEARING DOWN THE WALL: PEPTIDOGLYCAN METABOLISM AND THE WALK/WALKR (YYCG/YYCF) ESSENTIAL TWO-COMPONENT SYSTEM16. INHIBITORS TARGETING TWO-COMPONENT SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; INDEX

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 9780387788845

Weitere Ausg.: Buchausg. u.d.T. Bacterial signal transduction: networks and drug targets New York [u.a.] : Springer Science+Business Media, LLC [u.a.], 2008 ISBN 9780387788845

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 0387788840

Sprache: Englisch

Fachgebiete: Biologie

Schlagwort(e): Bakterien ; Signaltransduktion ; Genregulation ; Pharmakologie ; Aufsatzsammlung

DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-78885-2

URL: Volltext

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URL: Cover

UID:

Umfang: Online-Ressource (digital)

ISBN: 9780387859989

Serie: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 645

Inhalt: This book covers all aspects of oxygen delivery to tissue, including blood flow and its regulation as well as oxygen metabolism. Special attention will be paid to methods of oxygen measurement in living tissue and application of these technologies to understanding physiological and biochemical basis for pathology related to tissue oxygenation. This book is multidisciplinary and designed to bring together experts and students from a range of research fields including biochemical engineering, physiology, microcirculation, and hematology.

Inhalt: Covers various aspects of oxygen delivery to tissue, including blood flow and its regulation as well as oxygen metabolism. This book pays attention to methods of oxygen measurement in living tissue and application of these technologies to understanding physiological and biochemical basis for pathology related to tissue oxygenation

Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index , Selected conference papers , CONTENTS; AIR AND FIRE - Carl Wilhelm Scheele, Torbern Bergman, The Royal Society of Sciences and the discovery of oxygen in Uppsala in 1772; MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF THE INTERACTION BETWEEN OXYGEN, NITRIC OXIDE AND SUPEROXIDE; HAEMOGLOBIN SATURATION CONTROLS THE RED BLOOD CELL MEDIATED HYPOXIC VASORELAXATION; BLOOD VESSEL SPECIFIC VASO-ACTIVITY TO NITRITE UNDER NORMOXIC AND HYPOXIC CONDITIONS; NITRITE-INDUCED IMPROVED BLOOD CIRCULATION ASSOCIATED WITH AN INCREASE IN A POOL OF RBC-NO WITH NO BIOACTIVITY; THE CONTROL OF OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION IN THE ADRENAL GLAND (Y1) CELL LINE , REPLICATION OF MURINE MITOCHONDRIAL DNA FOLLOWING IRRADIATIONEFFECTS OF ANESTHESIA ON BRAIN MITOCHONDRIAL FUNCTION, BLOOD FLOW, IONIC AND ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY MONITORED IN VIVO; THE INFLUENCE OF FLOW REDISTRIBUTION ON WORKING RAT MUSCLE OXYGENATION; HETEROGENEITY OF CAPILLARY SPACING IN THE HYPERTROPHIED PLANTARIS MUSCLE FROM YOUNG-ADULT AND OLD RATS; MICROVASCULARITY OF THE LUMBAR ERECTOR SPINAE MUSCLE DURING SUSTAINED PRONE TRUNK EXTENSION TEST; FIBER CAPILLARY SUPPLY RELATED TO FIBER SIZE ANDOXIDATIVE CAPACITY IN HUMAN AND RAT SKELETAL MUSCLE , NOVEL THERAPEUTIC APPROACH TARGETING THE HIF-HRE SYSTEM IN THE KIDNEYCAROTID BODY SENSORY DISCHARGE AND GLOMUS CELL HIF-1a ARE REGULATED BY A COMMON OXYGEN SENSOR; IMPACT OF REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES ON THE EXPRESSION OF ADHESION MOLECULES IN VIVO; MINI SENSING CHIP FOR POINT-OF-CARE ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION DIAGNOSIS UTILIZING MICRO-ELECTRO-MECHANICAL SYSTEM AND NANO-TECHNOLOGY; A CHEMICAL BIOSYNTHESIS DESIGN FOR AN ANTIATHEROSCLEROSIS DRUG BY ACYCLIC TOCOPHEROL INTERMEDIATE ANALOGUE BASED ON "ISOPRENOMICS"; ZYMOGEN PROTEIN C CONCENTRATE FOR SAFER HETEROZYGOTE SURGERY, "I AM A GUINEA PIG!" , STEADY STATE REDOX LEVELS IN CYTOCHROME OXIDASE: RELEVANCE FOR IN VIVO NEAR INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY (NIRS)BICUCULLINE-INDUCED SEIZURES: A CHALLENGE FOR OPTICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL MODELING OF THE CYTOCHROME OXIDASE CU A NIRS SIGNAL; A METHOD TO CALCULATE ARTERIAL AND VENOUS SATURATION FROM NEAR INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY (NIRS); DEVELOPMENT OF A DYNAMIC TEST PHANTOM FOR OPTICAL TOPOGRAPHY; NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF OXYGEN TRANSPORT IN CEREBRAL TISSUE; NON-INVASIVE ESTIMATION OF METABOLIC FLUX AND BLOOD FLOW IN WORKING MUSCLE: EFFECT OF BLOOD-TISSUE DISTRIBUTION , OXYGEN EXTRACTION INDEX MEASURED BY NEAR INFRAREDSPECTROSCOPY - A PARAMETER FOR MONITORING TISSUEOXYGENATION?NON-INVASIVE MEASUREMENT OF THE SUPERFICIAL CORTICAL OXYGEN PARTIAL PRESSURE; ONE SENSOR FITS ALL - A NEW APPROACH IN MONITORING BRAIN PHYSIOLOGY; EVALUATION OF NIRS DATA BASED ON THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF OXYGEN TRANSPORT TO CEREBRAL TISSUE; MYOCARDIAL CAPILLARY NET AND BLOOD CONSTITUENTS IN STREPTOZOTOCIN (STZ)- INDUCED DIABETIC RATS; EFFECTS OF PROINSULIN C-PEPTIDE ON OXYGEN TRANSPORT, UPTAKE AND UTILIZATION IN INSULINOPENIC DIABETIC SUBJECTS - A REVIEW , REDUCED OXYGENATION IN DIABETIC RAT KIDNEYS MEASURED BY T2* WEIGHTED MAGNETIC RESONANCE MICRO-IMAGING , Air and fire : Carl Wilhelm Scheele, Torbern Bergman, the Royal Society of Sciences and the discovery of oxygen in Uppsala in 1772 , Haemoglobin saturation controls the red blood cell mediated hypoxic vasorelaxation , Blood vessel specific vaso-activity to nitrite under normoxic and hypoxic conditions , Nitrite-induced improved blood circulation associated with an increase in a pool of RBN-NO with NO bioactivity , The control of oxidative phosphorylation in the adrenal gland (Y1) cell line , Replication of murine mitochondrial DNA following irradiation , Effects of anesthesia on brain mitochondrial function, blood flow, ionic and electrical activity monitored in vivo , The influence of flow redistribution on working rat muscle oxygenation , Heterogeneity of capillary spacing in the hypertrophied plantaris muscle from young-adult and old rats , Microvascularity of the lumbar erector spinae muscle during sustained prone trunk extension test , Fiber capillary supply related to fiber size and oxidative capacity in human and rat skeletal muscle , Novel therapeutic approach targeting the HIF-HRE system in the kidney , Carotid body sensory discharge and glomus cell HIF-1[alpha] are regulated by a common oxygen sensor , Impact of reactive oxygen species on the expression of adhesion molecules in vivo , Mini sensing chip for point-of-care acute myocardial infarction diagnosis utilizing micro-electro-mechanical system and nano-technology , A chemical biosynthesis design for an antiatherosclerosis drug by acyclic tocopherol intermediate analogue based on "isoprenomics" , Zymogen protein C concentrate for safer heterozygote surgery, "I am a guinea pig!" , Steady state redox levels in cytochrome oxidase : relevance for in vivo near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) , Bicuculline-induced seizures : a challenge for optical and biochemical modeling of the cytochrome oxidase CUa NIRS signal , A method to calculate arterial and venous saturation from near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) , Development of a dynamic test phantom for optical topography , Numerical simulation of oxygen transport in cerebral tissue , Non-invasive estimation of metabolic flux and blood flow in working muscle : effect of blood-tissue distribution , Oxygen extraction index measured by near infrared spectroscopy : a parameter for monitoring tissue oxygenation? , Non-invasive measurement of the superficial cortical oxygen partial pressure , One sensor fits all : a new approach in monitoring brain physiology , Evaluation of NIRS data based on theoretical analysis of oxygen transport to cerebral tissue , Myocardial capillary net and blood constituents in streptozotocin (STZ- )-induced diabetic rats , Effects of proinsulin C-peptide on oxygen transport uptake and utilization in insulinopenic diabetic subjects : a review , Reduced oxygenation in diabetic rat kidneys measured by T2* weighted magnetic resonance micro-imaging , Identification and distribution of uncoupling protein isoforms in the normal and diabetic rat kidney , Iodinated contrast media decrease renomedullary blood flow : a possible cause of contrast media-induced nephropathy , C-peptide normalizes glomerular filtration rate in hyperfiltrating conscious diabetic rats , Lipoprotein nanoplatform for targeted delivery of diagnostic and therapeutic agents , Prognostic potential of the pre-therapeutic tumor oxygenation status , Histological basis of MR/optical imaging of human melanoma mouse xenografts spanning a range of metastatic potentials , The relationship between vascular oxygen distribution and tissue oxygenation , Intraoperative measurement of colonic oxygenation during bowel resection , Quantifying tumour hypoxia by PET imaging : a theoretical analysis , New measurements for assessment of impaired cerebral autoregulation using near-infrared spectroscopy , Single shot T₁p magnetic resonance imaging of metabolically generated water in vivo , Brain tissue oxygen consumption and supply induced by neural activation : determined under suppressed hemodynamic response conditions in the anesthetized rat cerebral cortex , Brain oxygen balance under various experimental pathophysiological conditions , Ketones suppress brain glucose consumption , False positives in functional near-infrared topography , Relationship between brain tissue haemodynamics, oxygenation, and metabolism in the healthy human adult brain during hyperoxia and hypercapnea , Use of a Codman microsensor intracranial pressure probe : effects on near infrared spectroscopy measurements and cerebral hemodynamics in rats , Effect of severe hypoxia on prefrontal cortex and muscle oxygenation responses at rest and during exhaustive exercise

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 9780387859972

Weitere Ausg.: Buchausg. u.d.T. Oxygen transport to tissue ; 30 New York, NY : Springer, 2009 ISBN 9780387859972

Sprache: Englisch

Fachgebiete: Biologie

Schlagwort(e): Sauerstofftransport ; Gewebestoffwechsel ; Sauerstofftransport ; Gewebestoffwechsel ; Konferenzschrift

DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-85998-9

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Umfang: Online-Ressource (digital)

ISBN: 9780387782256

Serie: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 627

Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 9780387782249

Weitere Ausg.: Buchausg. u.d.T. Transgenesis and the management of vector-borne disease Austin, Tex. : Landes Bioscience, 2008 ISBN 9780387782249

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 0387782249

Sprache: Englisch

Fachgebiete: Biologie , Medizin

Schlagwort(e): Insekten ; Krankheitsübertragung ; Transgener Organismus ; Infektionskrankheit ; Prävention

DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-78225-6

URL: Volltext

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URL: Cover

UID:

Umfang: Online-Ressource (digital)

ISBN: 9780387097947

Serie: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 641

Inhalt: Living systems are fundamentally dynamic and adaptive, relying on a constant throughput of energy. They are also, by definition, self-sustaining over the full range of length and time scales (from sub-cellular structures to species considered as a whole). This characteristic combination of constant adaptive flux and emergent persistence requires that the properties of all living systems must, at some level, be cyclical. Consequently, oscillatory dynamics, in which system properties rise and fall in a regular rhythmic fashion, are a central feature of a wide range of biological processes. The scale of biological oscillations covers enormous ranges, from the sub-cellular to the population level, and from milliseconds to years. While the existence of a number of biological oscillations, such such as the regular beating of the human heart or the life-cycle of a unicellular organismis, is widely appreciated, there are many oscillatory phenomena that are much less obvious, albeit no less important. Since oscillations reflect periodic quantitative changes in system properties, their detection and characterisation relies on the quantitative measurement of a system over an extended period. Until recently, such measurements were difficult to obtain at cellular or sub-cellular resolution, and relatively few cellular oscillations had been described. However, recent methodological advances have revealed that oscillatory phenomena are as widespread in cells as they are at larger scales. The papers in this book provide an introduction to a range of both well known and less familiar cellular oscillations, and serve to illustrate the striking richness of cellular dynamics. The contributions focus particularly on elucidating the basic mechanisms that underlie these oscillations. The essentially quantitative nature of oscillations has long made them an attractive area of study for theoretical biologists and the application of complementary modelling and experimental approaches can yield insights into oscillatory dynamics that go beyond those that can be obtained by either in isolation. The benefits of this synergy are reflected in the contributions appearing in this book. That oscillations play central roles in phenomena at all levels of cellular organisation is illustrated by the range of examples detailed in this book. Chapters by Lloyd and by Aon and colleagues describe coherent oscillations in cellular metabolism, a process clearly common to all living cells. Similarly, the cell cycle, discussed by Csiksz-Nagy and colleagues, is a fundamentally cyclical process common to all cells. Rougemont and Naef describe models for circadian rhythms, which are critical in allowing organisms to entrain their cellular activities to imposed daily changes in their environment. The chapters by Lahav and by Momiji and Monk focus on recently-discovered oscillations in cellular response systems, in which the combined requirements of sensitive response and signal termination result in unexpected oscillatory instabilities. Oscillations contribute not only to temporal organisation within cells, but can also direct spatio-temporal organisation in multicellular tissues. Thul and colleagues review the central role played by oscillatory changes in calcium concentration in processes spanning these scales. A striking and well known example of oscillatory patterning at the multi-cellular level is the aggregation of developing cells of the slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum. Loomis discusses the critical role played by oscillatory cAMP signalling in this phenomenon. More recently discovered illustrations of the role of oscillations in spatial patterning are provided by the chapters of Lutkenhaus and Palmeirim and colleagues. Lutkenhaus describes the way in which many bacteria localise their cell division plane through oscillations of Min proteins. Palmeirim and colleagues review oscillatory mechanisms underlying the segmentation of vertebrate embryos. The current resurgence in interest in interdisciplinary approaches to cell and molecular biology (often referred to as Systems Biology) stems in part from the increasing availability of system-wide data on the state of the components of cellular regulatory networks. A limiting factor in these approaches is often the lack of suitable ways of characterising a network state in terms of summary quantitative features. Without such features, it is typically difficult to gain new qualitative insight into the operating logic of all but the simplest networks. In this regard, oscillatory phenomena provide ideal exemplars for systems approaches, since oscillations have clear summary features (such as period, amplitude and phase) that prove invaluable in combining mathematical models with experimental data.

Anmerkung: Description based upon print version of record , CONTENTS; 1. CALCIUM OSCILLATIONS; Abstract; Introduction; Modelling Ca2+ Dynamics; Mechanistic Models; Homogenous Cell Models; Threshold Models; Stochastic Modelling; Concluding Remarks; 2. OSCILLATIONS BY THE p53-Mdm2 FEEDBACK LOOP; Abstract; Introduction; The p53-Mdm2 Negative Feedback Loop; Oscillations of p53 and Mdm2; The Mechanism of p53-Mdm2 Oscillations; Variability in the Response of Individual Cells; The Potential Function of p53 Oscillations; Conclusion and Key Questions in the Field; 3. cAMP OSCILLATIONS DURING AGGREGATION OF DICTYOSTELIUM; Abstract; Introduction , Proposed cAMP Oscillatory CircuitPeriodic Motility; Discussion; 4. MIN OSCILLATION IN BACTERIA; Abstract; Introduction; Z Ring; The Min System; The Oscillation; Biochemistry of Min Proteins; Models; Conclusions; 5. DEVELOPMENT ON TIME; Abstract; Somitogenesis Is a Strict Time-Controlled Embryonic Process; Time Control during Somite Formation: The Segmentation Clock; The Genetic Complexity Underlying the Segmentation Clock; The "Clock and Wavefront" Model; Temporal vs. Positional Information; Conclusions , 6. OSCILLATORY EXPRESSION OF Hes FAMILY TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS: INSIGHTS FROM MATHEMATICAL MODELLINGAbstract; Delay-Driven Oscillations in Cellular Signaling Systems; Hesl as a Cellular Oscillator; Mathematical Modelling of the Hesl Oscillator; Properties of Delay-Driven Oscillations; Extended Models of Hes l Regulation; Spatio-Temporal Coordination of Oscillatory Dynamics; Discussion; 7. REVERSE ENGINEERING MODELS OF CELL CYCLE REGULATION; Abstract; Bottom-Up Modeling and Reverse Engineering; Physiology of the Cell Cycle; Three Cell Cycle States and Three Cell Cycle Transitions , Cell Cycle Transitions and Bifurcation PointsReverse Engineering the Molecular Regulatory Network; The Complete Bifurcation Diagram; Cell Cycles and Limit Cycles; Conclusion; 8. MITOCHONDRIAL OSCILLATIONS IN PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; Abstract; Introduction; The Mitochondrial Oscillator of Heart Cells: The Pathophysiological Domain; The Theoretical Approach; The Mitochondrial Oscillator in the Physiological Domain; Spatial Aspects: ROS and Mitochondrial Criticality; From Mitochondrial Dynamics to Whole Heart Arrhythmias; Conclusions; 9. RESPIRATORY OSCILLATIONS IN YEASTS; Abstract , IntroductionMinute-Long Oscillations in S. cerevisiae; Ultradian (t 3O-50min) Oscillations in Synchronous Cultures of Yeasts; Schizosaccharomyces pombe; Candida utilis; Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Self Synchronized Continuous Culture; Mitochondrial Respiratory Dynamics in Vivo During Growth; Oxidative Stress and Signalling by ROS; Circadian Oscillations in Yeasts; Other Oscillations; Functions of Oscillations; 10. STOCHASTIC PHASE OSCILLATOR MODELS FOR CIRCADIAN CLOCKS; Background; Mathematics of Phase Models; Theory vs. Data; Conclusion; INDEX;

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 9780387097930

Weitere Ausg.: Buchausg. u.d.T. Holography in medicine and biology Berlin : Springer, 1979 ISBN 3540097937

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 0387097937

Sprache: Englisch

Fachgebiete: Physik , Biologie , Medizin

Schlagwort(e): Holografie ; Biologie ; Holografie ; Medizin ; Holografie ; Medizin ; Holografie ; Biologie ; Holografie ; Biologie ; Medizin ; Konferenzschrift

DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-09794-7

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Umfang: Online-Ressource (digital)

ISBN: 9780387755328

Serie: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 616

Inhalt: Microalgae have been largely commercialized as food and feed additives, and their potential as a source of high-added value compounds is well known. Yet, only a few species of microalgae have been genetically transformed with efficiency. A better understanding of the mechanisms that control the regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes is therefore needed. In this book a group of outstanding researchers working on different areas of microalgae biotechnology offer a global vision of the genetic manipulation of microalgae and their applications.

Inhalt: Microalgae have been largely cultured and commercialized as food and feed additives, and their potential as source of high-added value compounds is well known. But, in contrast to the large number of genetically modified bacteria, yeast and even higher plants, only a few species of microalgae have been genetically transformed with efficiency. Initial difficulties in the expression of foreign genes in microalgae have been progressively overcome, and powerful molecular tools for their genetic engineering are now on hand. A considerable collection of promoters and selectable marker genes and an increasing number of genomic or cDNA sequences have become available in recent years. More work is needed to transform new species of microalgae, specially those that have commercial value, so that it would be possible to increase the productivity of traditional compounds or synthesize novel ones. Silencing transgenes remains as an important limitation for stable expression of foreign genes. This problem is not unique to microalgae since it has also been observed in plants, animals and fungi. A better understanding of the mechanisms that control the regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes is therefore needed. In this book a group of outstanding researchers working on different areas of microalgae biotechnology offer a global vision of the genetic manipulation of microalgae and their applications.

Anmerkung: Includes bibliographical references and index

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 9780387755311

Weitere Ausg.: Buchausg. u.d.T. Transgenic microalgae as green cell factories New York, N.Y : Springer Science+Business Media/Landes Bioscience, 2007 ISBN 0387755314

Weitere Ausg.: ISBN 9780387755311

Sprache: Englisch

Fachgebiete: Biologie

Schlagwort(e): Mikroalgen ; Transgener Mikroorganismus ; Biotechnologie ; Bioreaktor ; Mikroalgen ; Transgener Mikroorganismus ; Biotechnologie ; Bioreaktor ; Aufsatzsammlung

DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-75532-8

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