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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effects of a Phenol-Enriched Purified Extract from Olive Mill Wastewater on Skin Cells
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  Cosmetics Vol. 6, No. 2 ( 2019-05-07), p. 30-
    Details
    In: Cosmetics, MDPI AG, Vol. 6, No. 2 ( 2019-05-07), p. 30-
    Abstract: Olive trees (Olea europaea) and their processed products, such as olive oil, play a major role in the Mediterranean way of life. Their positive impact on human health is being intensely investigated. One research topic is the identification of new application areas of olive mill wastewater (OMWW). OMWW is characterized by the high content of polyphenols possessing many positive health effects. Thus, the phenol-enriched OMWW extract offers the potential for the treatment of skin disorders and for cosmetic application. The aim of the present study was to evaluate cell viability and proliferation, the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties of a phenol-enriched OMWW extract on an immortal keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT cells). Moreover, the influence on the growth of various microorganisms was investigated; furthermore, the effects on normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK) and human melanoma cells (A375) were studied in a commercially available tumor invasion skin model. The phenol-enriched OMWW extract showed excellent antimicrobial activity. Moreover, a noticeable reduction in reactive oxygen species formation as well as Interleukin-8 release in HaCaT cells were observed. Finally, the inhibited growth of A375 melanoma nodules in the melanoma skin model could be shown. Our results indicate that the OMWW extract is a promising ingredient for dermal applications to improve skin health and skin protection as well as having a positive impact on skin ageing.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-9284
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics6020030
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2720868-0
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 2
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    Online Resource
    Gastronomy Motivations as Predictors of Satisfaction at Coastal Destinations
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Sustainability Vol. 14, No. 18 ( 2022-09-13), p. 11437-
    Details
    In: Sustainability, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 18 ( 2022-09-13), p. 11437-
    Abstract: Local gastronomy is a strategic vector for the sustainability of coastal destinations. The present study had the following objectives: first, to establish the motivational dimensions based on the gastronomic demand in a coastal destination; and second, to identify the motivational dimensions that predicted satisfaction with gastronomy. The study was carried out in the city of General Villamil Playas, a sustainable seaside destination characterized by its gastronomy based on fish and shellfish. It is part of Ecuador’s National System of Protected Areas. The results showed three motivational dimensions: cultural, physical, and social. Physical motivation was the main factor that predicted satisfaction with the gastronomic experience, followed by social motivation. The findings will contribute to the academic literature on coastal gastronomy. They will be helpful for food and beverage service providers to improve tourist satisfaction and stays.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2071-1050
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/su141811437
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518383-7
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Relationship between Human-Capital Variables and Innovative Performance: Evidence from Colombia
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Sustainability Vol. 14, No. 6 ( 2022-03-11), p. 3294-
    Details
    In: Sustainability, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 6 ( 2022-03-11), p. 3294-
    Abstract: The objective of the research is to analyze the variables of human capital and its relationship with innovation in manufacturing companies. The study is quantitative, nonexperimental, cross-sectional data obtained from Colombia, an emerging country, collected from a national survey of innovation activities. The regression used is bivariate probit. The findings show that the variable “R & D workers” is related to product and process innovation and the variable “workers with higher education” is related to product innovation. The theoretical implication is that the “R & D workers” variable is an important predictor for product and process innovation because it represents skills, abilities, and worker’s experience, and enables finding new uses for knowledge or combining knowledge to achieve innovation. Furthermore, in these companies, the human capital acquired through education develops the skills and abilities that enable product innovation to be achieved, while low investment in training means that the skills achieved by this means are not significant for innovation. The study has practical implications for managers in emerging countries who want to increase the companies’ innovative potential by increasing investment in education and training of its workers.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2071-1050
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/su14063294
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518383-7
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Motivations and Loyalty of the Demand for Adventure Tourism as Sustainable Travel
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Sustainability Vol. 14, No. 14 ( 2022-07-11), p. 8472-
    Details
    In: Sustainability, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 14 ( 2022-07-11), p. 8472-
    Abstract: Adventure tourism as a form of sustainable tourism is a potential source of social, economic, and environmental development, and the more the tourism industry is exploited in a responsible manner, the greater the development of a country. The present research proposes the following objectives: (i) to identify the motivational dimensions of demand in an adventure destination, and (ii) to determine the motivational dimensions of demand that predict the return, recommendation, and saying positive things of the adventure destination as loyalty variables. The study was carried out during the COVID-19 pandemic in Guayaquil, and the participants had visited the province of Santa Elena in Ecuador, an adventure tourism destination. This quantitative study used a sample of 318 valid questionnaires that were collected online and analyzed using factor analysis and the multiple regression enter method. The results show five motivational dimensions in adventure tourism: learning, social, biosecurity, relaxation, and competence mastery. The relaxation dimension is the most important and most influential predictor in return, recommendation, and saying positive things about the demand for adventure tourism. The results will contribute as management guides for DMOs and as sources of information for companies involved in the marketing and development of post-pandemic products. The study is also a contribution to the academic literature on adventure destinations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2071-1050
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/su14148472
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518383-7
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Segmentation of Religious Tourism by Motivations: A Study of the Pilgrimage to the City of Mecca
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Sustainability Vol. 14, No. 13 ( 2022-06-28), p. 7861-
    Details
    In: Sustainability, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 13 ( 2022-06-28), p. 7861-
    Abstract: The present study about the pilgrimage to Mecca aims to: (i) identify the motivational dimensions of the demand for religious tourism, (ii) determine the segments of the demand for religious tourism, (iii) establish the relationship between the segments and socio-demographic aspects, and (iv) establish the relationship between tourist segments and their satisfaction and loyalty in the religious tourism destination of Mecca. The research was carried out on pilgrims who had visited Mecca who lived in Bahrain, a country located on the Persian Gulf, where most of its population is Muslim. The sample consisted of 350 surveys obtained online. A factor and K-means clusters analysis were used to reduce and group the data. The results show three motivational dimensions: religious, social and cultural, and shopping. Additionally, there were also three segments of demand: the “Multiple motives,” with high scores in all the motivational variables, the “Passive tourists” with low levels of motivation and the “Religious,” with motivations in variables related to religion. The “Multiple motives” and the “Religious” segments had high satisfaction and loyalty levels. The results will serve as guides for the management of religious destinations and contribute to the academic literature on this subject.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2071-1050
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/su14137861
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518383-7
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    Segmentation by Motivations in Sustainable Coastal and Marine Destinations: A Study in Jacó, Costa Rica
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Sustainability Vol. 14, No. 14 ( 2022-07-19), p. 8830-
    Details
    In: Sustainability, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 14 ( 2022-07-19), p. 8830-
    Abstract: Coastal and marine tourism offers a wide variety of activities that can be sustainable due to the characteristics of its natural and cultural attractions. The present study was carried out in Jacó, a sustainable destination with coastal and marine characteristics of Costa Rica, with the objectives (i) of identifying the motivations of tourist demand; (ii) segmenting the tourist demand; (iii) establishing a relationship between the segments and sociodemographic aspects; and (iv) determining the relationship between segments of demand and satisfaction and loyalty. This quantitative study collected a sample of 304 valid questionnaires on-site in June 2021. For data analysis, a factorial analysis and non-hierarchical K-means segmentation were performed. The results show five motivational dimensions: “Learning and coastal experience”; “Nature”; “Rest and safety”; “Water sports”; and “Nightlife”—and three segments of tourists: “Multiple motives”; “Passive tourists”; and “Eco-Coastal”. The “Eco-Coastal” segment was the most satisfied in terms of enjoying the coastal nature of the destination. The “Multiple motives” group showed the highest intentions to return, recommend, and spread positive word of mouth. These findings will serve as management guides for coastal and marine destination managers and will help adapt these tourism sites to the new demand instigated by the global health crisis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2071-1050
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/su14148830
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518383-7
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Tourism Market Segmentation Applied to Coastal and Marine Destinations: A Study from Acapulco, Mexico
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Sustainability Vol. 13, No. 24 ( 2021-12-16), p. 13903-
    Details
    In: Sustainability, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 24 ( 2021-12-16), p. 13903-
    Abstract: Coastal and marine destinations offer alternate options for the sun and the beach, options that are related to nature and culture. This empirical study aims to segment the demand of domestic tourism in coastal and marine destinations and its relationship with satisfaction and loyalty. A factorial analysis and an analysis of K-means clusters were used to reduce and group data. Six motivational dimensions are evident heritage and nature, learning, and sun and beach; and physical, authentic coastal experience, novelty, and social interaction. Two segments were found: the “multiple coastal motives,” which returned a high motivation among the motivational variables proposed and are related to all the factors found, and the “beach lovers”, with high motivation in the aspects of sun and beach, resting, and wanting to see things they do not usually see. These two segments are related to the dimensions of sun and beach and novelty. The multiple coastal motives rendered higher levels of satisfaction and in some variables of future behavior, which shows the relationship of the motivation with the visit. The findings are used to develop marketing plans appropriate to the characteristics of the demand found in each group.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2071-1050
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/su132413903
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518383-7
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Sex-Related Differences and Factors Associated with Peri-Procedural and 1 Year Mortality in Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia Patients from the CLIMATE Italian Registry
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Personalized Medicine Vol. 13, No. 2 ( 2023-02-11), p. 316-
    Details
    In: Journal of Personalized Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 2 ( 2023-02-11), p. 316-
    Abstract: Background: Identifying sex-related differences/variables associated with 30 day/1 year mortality in patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI). Methods: Multicenter/retrospective/observational study. A database was sent to all the Italian vascular surgeries to collect all the patients operated on for CLTI in 2019. Acute lower-limb ischemia and neuropathic-diabetic foot are not included. Follow-up: One year. Data on demographics/comorbidities, treatments/outcomes, and 30 day/1 year mortality were investigated. Results: Information on 2399 cases (69.8% men) from 36/143 (25.2%) centers. Median (IQR) age: 73 (66–80) and 79 (71–85) years for men/women, respectively (p 〈 0.0001). Women were more likely to be over 75 (63.2% vs. 40.1%, p = 0.0001). More men smokers (73.7% vs. 42.2%, p 〈 0.0001), are on hemodialysis (10.1% vs. 6.7%, p = 0.006), affected by diabetes (61.9% vs. 52.8%, p 〈 0.0001), dyslipidemia (69.3% vs. 61.3%, p 〈 0.0001), hypertension (91.8% vs. 88.5%, p = 0.011), coronaropathy (43.9% vs. 29.4%, p 〈 0.0001), bronchopneumopathy (37.1% vs. 25.6%, p 〈 0.0001), underwent more open/hybrid surgeries (37.9% vs. 28.8%, p 〈 0.0001), and minor amputations (22% vs. 13.7%, p 〈 0.0001). More women underwent endovascular revascularizations (61.6% vs. 55.2%, p = 0.004), major amputations (9.6% vs. 6.9%, p = 0.024), and obtained limb-salvage if with limited gangrene (50.8% vs. 44.9%, p = 0.017). Age 〉 75 (HR = 3.63, p = 0.003) is associated with 30 day mortality. Age 〉 75 (HR = 2.14, p 〈 0.0001), nephropathy (HR = 1.54, p 〈 0.0001), coronaropathy (HR = 1.26, p = 0.036), and infection/necrosis of the foot (dry, HR = 1.42, p = 0.040; wet, HR = 2.04, p 〈 0.0001) are associated with 1 year mortality. No sex-linked difference in mortality statistics. Conclusion: Women exhibit fewer comorbidities but are struck by CLTI when over 75, a factor associated with short- and mid-term mortality, explaining why mortality does not statistically differ between the sexes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4426
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jpm13020316
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662248-8
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Barriers to Innovations and Innovative Performance of Companies: A Study from Ecuador
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Social Sciences Vol. 11, No. 2 ( 2022-02-08), p. 63-
    Details
    In: Social Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 2 ( 2022-02-08), p. 63-
    Abstract: This research aimed to examine the relationship between the barriers to the development of innovation and innovative performance. This is a quantitative, not experimental, cross-sectional research, and the National Survey of Innovation Activities of Ecuador is used. Bivariate Probit regression was used to process the data. The results show empirical evidence that Ecuadorian companies have a great number of barriers to innovation. The main barriers to product innovation and process innovation are as follows: lack of company funds, high costs of innovation, and lack of qualified personnel in the company and the country. In addition product innovation is affected by the lack of market information, and process innovation is affected by the lack of financing from external sources, lack of information on technology, and a market dominated by established companies. The research has theoretical implications because it contributes empirical evidence on the relationship between innovation barriers and innovative performance in developing countries where evidence is scarce. The research has practical implications because it serves as a basis for forming public policies. Business managers and administrators can improve innovative performance by minimizing the impact of the main barriers to innovation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-0760
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/socsci11020063
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2663343-7
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Perceived Value in Sustainable Coastal and Marine Destinations: A Study of Jacó in Costa Rica
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Sustainability Vol. 14, No. 14 ( 2022-07-13), p. 8569-
    Details
    In: Sustainability, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 14 ( 2022-07-13), p. 8569-
    Abstract: Perceived value influences the future behavior of tourists in sustainable coastal destinations, and thus is crucial for the elaboration of development plans. This study aims to: (i) identify the dimensions of the perceived value of demand in a coastal and marine destination; (ii) determine the dimensions of the perceived value that predict the satisfaction of the demand of a coastal and marine destination; and (iii) establish the dimensions of perceived value that predict loyalty variables such as return, recommendation, and saying positive things about a coastal and marine destination. This research was carried out in Jacó, a sustainable tourist destination on the Pacific Ocean coast located in the Central American country of Costa Rica. The sample collection was carried out on-site in June 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic. This quantitative study used a sample of 304 valid questionnaires. Factor analysis and the multiple regression method were performed for data analysis. The results show three dimensions in the perceived value, namely, the emotional and functional value, the social value, and the economic value. The emotional and functional dimension is the most important predictor of satisfaction and loyalty in variables such as return, recommendation, and saying positive things about a coastal and marine destination. The results can serve as a management guide for managers of coastal and marine destinations and as information for service providers to develop products according to demand.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2071-1050
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/su14148569
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518383-7
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