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  • Brandenburg  (8)
  • MPI Bildungsforschung  (8)
  • Kinemathek
  • SB Senftenberg
  • Deininger, Klaus  (4)
  • Le Goff, Maëlan  (4)
Type of Medium
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Years
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Does Trade Reduce Poverty? : A View from Africa (2013)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048265763
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (27 p)
    Content: Although trade liberalization is being actively promoted as a key component in development strategies, theoretically, the impact of trade openness on poverty reduction is ambiguous. A more liberalized trade regime is argued to change relative factor prices in favor of the more abundant factor. If poverty and relative low income stem from abundance of labor, greater trade openness should lead to higher labor prices and a decrease in poverty. However, should the re-allocation of factors be hampered, the expected benefits from freer trade may not materialize. The theoretical ambiguity on the effects of openness is reflected in the available empirical evidence. This paper examines how the effect of trade openness on poverty may depend on complementary reforms that help a country take advantage of international competition. Using a non-linear regression specification that interacts a proxy of trade openness with proxies of various country structural specificities and a panel of 30 African countries over the period 1981-2010, the analysis finds that trade openness tends to reduce poverty in countries where financial sectors are deep, education levels high and governance strong
    Additional Edition: Le Goff, Maëlan Does Trade Reduce Poverty?
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-6327
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    Online Access
    Open Access Request
    UB Potsdam
    EUV Frankfurt
    HTW Berlin
    MPI Bildungsforschung
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Does Migration Foster Exports? : Evidence from Africa (2014)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048266162
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (30 p)
    Content: This paper aims at assessing the impact of migration on export performance and more particularly the effect of African migrants on African trade. Relying on a new data set on international bilateral migration recently released by the World Bank spanning from 1980 to 2010, the authors estimate a gravity model that deals satisfactorily with endogeneity. The results first indicate that the pro-trade effect of migration is higher for African countries, a finding that can be partly explained by the substitution between migrants and institutions (the existence of migrant networks compensating for weak contract enforcement, for instance). This positive association is particularly important for the exports of differentiated products, suggesting that migrants also play an important role in reducing information costs. Moreover, focusing on intra-African trade, the pro-trade effect of African migrants is larger when migrants are established in a more geographically and ethnically distant country. All these findings highlight the ability of African migrants to help overcome some of the main barriers to African trade: the weakness of institutions, information costs, cultural differences, and lack of trust
    Additional Edition: Ehrhart, Hélène Does Migration Foster Exports?
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-6739
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
    Online Access
    Open Access Request
    UB Potsdam
    EUV Frankfurt
    HTW Berlin
    MPI Bildungsforschung
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Are Mega-Farms the Future of Global Agriculture? : Exploring the Farm Size-Productivity Relationship for Large Commercial Farms in Ukraine (2013)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    gbv_834979233
    Format: Online-Ressource (37 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Content: With farms cultivating tens or hundreds of thousands of hectares, Ukraine is often used to demonstrate the existence of economies of scale in modern grain production. Panel data analysis for all the country's farms with more than 200 hectares in 2001-2011 suggests that higher yields and profits are due to unobserved factors at rayon (district) and farm level rather than economies of scale. Productivity growth was driven not by farm expansion but by exit of unproductive and entry of more efficient farms. Higher initial shares of area under farms with more than 3,000 or 5,000 hectares at the rayon level significantly reduce subsequent exit, suggesting that land concentration reduces productivity growth. The paper draws implications for global evolution of farm structures
    Additional Edition: Deininger, Klaus Are Mega-Farms the Future of Global Agriculture?
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-6544
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
    Online Access
    Open Access Request
    Stabi Berlin
    UB Potsdam
    MPI Bildungsforschung
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Does Trade Reduce Poverty? : A View from Africa (2013)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    gbv_834977079
    Format: Online-Ressource (27 p)
    Edition: 2013 World Bank eLibrary
    Content: Although trade liberalization is being actively promoted as a key component in development strategies, theoretically, the impact of trade openness on poverty reduction is ambiguous. A more liberalized trade regime is argued to change relative factor prices in favor of the more abundant factor. If poverty and relative low income stem from abundance of labor, greater trade openness should lead to higher labor prices and a decrease in poverty. However, should the re-allocation of factors be hampered, the expected benefits from freer trade may not materialize. The theoretical ambiguity on the effects of openness is reflected in the available empirical evidence. This paper examines how the effect of trade openness on poverty may depend on complementary reforms that help a country take advantage of international competition. Using a non-linear regression specification that interacts a proxy of trade openness with proxies of various country structural specificities and a panel of 30 African countries over the period 1981-2010, the analysis finds that trade openness tends to reduce poverty in countries where financial sectors are deep, education levels high and governance strong
    Additional Edition: Le Goff, Maëlan Does Trade Reduce Poverty?
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-6327
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
    Online Access
    Open Access Request
    Stabi Berlin
    UB Potsdam
    MPI Bildungsforschung
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Does Land Fragmentation Increase the Cost of Cultivation? : Evidence from India (2014)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    gbv_834984709
    Format: Online-Ressource (27 p)
    Edition: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    Content: Although a large literature discusses the productivity effects of land fragmentation, measurement and potential endogeneity issues are often overlooked. This paper uses several measures of fragmentation and controls for endogeneity and crop choice by looking at inherited paddy and wheat plots to show that these issues matter empirically. While crop choice can mitigate effects, fragmentation as measured by the Simpson index increases production cost and fosters substitution of labor for machinery, especially for small and medium farmers. Greater distances between fragments have a smaller effect. Creating opportunities for market-based consolidation could be one step to limit fragmentation-induced cost increases
    Additional Edition: Deininger, Klaus Does Land Fragmentation Increase the Cost of Cultivation?
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-7085
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
    Online Access
    Open Access Request
    Stabi Berlin
    UB Potsdam
    MPI Bildungsforschung
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Does Migration Foster Exports? : Evidence from Africa (2014)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    gbv_834981106
    Format: Online-Ressource (30 p)
    Edition: 2014 World Bank eLibrary
    Content: This paper aims at assessing the impact of migration on export performance and more particularly the effect of African migrants on African trade. Relying on a new data set on international bilateral migration recently released by the World Bank spanning from 1980 to 2010, the authors estimate a gravity model that deals satisfactorily with endogeneity. The results first indicate that the pro-trade effect of migration is higher for African countries, a finding that can be partly explained by the substitution between migrants and institutions (the existence of migrant networks compensating for weak contract enforcement, for instance). This positive association is particularly important for the exports of differentiated products, suggesting that migrants also play an important role in reducing information costs. Moreover, focusing on intra-African trade, the pro-trade effect of African migrants is larger when migrants are established in a more geographically and ethnically distant country. All these findings highlight the ability of African migrants to help overcome some of the main barriers to African trade: the weakness of institutions, information costs, cultural differences, and lack of trust
    Additional Edition: Ehrhart, Hélène Does Migration Foster Exports?
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-6739
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
    Online Access
    Open Access Request
    Stabi Berlin
    UB Potsdam
    MPI Bildungsforschung
  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Can Labor Market Imperfections Explain Changes in the Inverse Farm Size-Productivity Relationship? Longitudinal Evidence from Rural India (2016)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    gbv_1724864548
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (28 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Content: A large national farm panel from India covering a quarter century (1982, 1999, and 2008) is used to show that the inverse farm size-yield relationship weakened significantly over time, despite an increase in the dispersion of farm sizes. Key reasons are substitution of capital for labor in response to nonagricultural labor demand. Family labor was more efficient than hired labor in 1982-99, but not in 1999-2008. In line with labor market imperfections as a key factor, separability of labor supply and demand decisions cannot be rejected in the second period, except in villages with very low nonagricultural labor demand
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Deininger, Klaus Can Labor Market Imperfections Explain Changes in the Inverse Farm Size-Productivity Relationship? Longitudinal Evidence from Rural India Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2016
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-7783
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
    Online Access
    Open Access Request
    Stabi Berlin
    UB Potsdam
    MPI Bildungsforschung
  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Short-Term Effects of India's Employment Guarantee Program on Labor Markets and Agricultural Productivity (2016)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    gbv_1724868020
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (27 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Content: This paper uses a large national household panel from 1999/2000 and 2007/08 to analyze the short-term effects of India's Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme on wages, labor supply, agricultural labor use, and productivity. The scheme prompted a 10-point wage increase and higher labor supply to nonagricultural casual work and agricultural self-employment. Program-induced drops in hired labor demand were more than outweighed by more intensive use of family labor, machinery, fertilizer, and diversification to crops with higher risk-return profiles, especially by small farmers. Although the aggregate productivity effects were modest, total employment generated by the program (but not employment in irrigation-related activities) significantly increased productivity, suggesting alleviation of liquidity constraints and implicit insurance provision rather than quality of works undertaken as a main channel for program-induced productivity effects
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Deininger, Klaus Short-Term Effects of India's Employment Guarantee Program on Labor Markets and Agricultural Productivity Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2016
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-7665
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
    Online Access
    Open Access Request
    Stabi Berlin
    UB Potsdam
    MPI Bildungsforschung
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