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  • AIP Publishing  (111)
  • 2000-2004  (111)
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  • AIP Publishing  (111)
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  • 2000-2004  (111)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Propagation properties of a light wave in a film quasiwaveguide structure
    AIP Publishing ; 2002
    In:  Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 92, No. 10 ( 2002-11-15), p. 5647-5657
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 92, No. 10 ( 2002-11-15), p. 5647-5657
    Abstract: We suggest a three-dimensional theoretical model to explain the origin of light wave propagation in a quasiwaveguide structure formed by a thin film of refractive index smaller than the substrate. The physical principles involved are illustrated by the use of a combination of multiple-wave interference and coherent multiple scattering. Not only the theoretical details and the important analytic formulas describing the properties of wave propagation in the quasiwaveguide were given, but also the positions and linewidths of the quasiwaveguide modes, the intensity distribution in the film, the intensity of the reflected spot, and the intensity distribution of the scattered light (m lines) are studied in detail. We divide the modes in the quasiwaveguide into three kinds: cavity modes, leaky modes, and degenerate modes. Some interesting problems are discussed. We investigate the properties of wave propagation in a quasiwaveguide made with a doped polymer film and discuss the origin of scattering.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8979 , 1089-7550
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.1517731
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2002
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 220641-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3112-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1476463-5
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Properties of leaky and degenerate modes in a prism–film coupler with waveguide structure
    AIP Publishing ; 2003
    In:  Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 94, No. 11 ( 2003-12-01), p. 7025-7030
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 94, No. 11 ( 2003-12-01), p. 7025-7030
    Abstract: A laser beam can be efficiently fed into a planar thin film by means of a prism–film coupler. The properties of the cavity modes, the coupling efficiency, the optimum coupling condition, etc. of the prism–film coupler can be explained using the theory developed by Tien and Ulrich [P. K. Tien and R. Ulrich, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 60, 1325 (1970)]. Based on multiple scattering and multiple wave interference, we propose a theory of the two modes referred to as the leaky and degenerate modes. The properties of the two kinds of modes, such as positions, linewidths, angular spectrum of the leaky mode, and the degenerate mode spectrum are studied in detail. This theory gives an excellent explanation of the underlying origin of light wave propagation in the prism–film coupler.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8979 , 1089-7550
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.1624485
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2003
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 220641-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3112-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1476463-5
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Abnormal ferroelectric properties of compositionally graded Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 thin films with LaNiO3 bottom electrodes
    AIP Publishing ; 2001
    In:  Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 90, No. 1 ( 2001-07-01), p. 506-508
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 90, No. 1 ( 2001-07-01), p. 506-508
    Abstract: We report abnormal ferroelectric properties of compositionally graded Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 thin films on LaNiO3-coated SiO2/Si substrates, where Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 and LaNiO3 films were prepared by a metalorganic decomposition technique and a sol–gel technique, respectively. It was found that the hysteresis loops of the Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 graded films measured by the conventional Sawyer–Tower method shifted along the polarization axis, i.e., they showed polarization offsets when applied by an alternating electric field. The polarization offsets were 82.5 μC/cm2 at 270 kV/cm and 62.5 μC/cm2 at 185 kV/cm for the up-graded film and the down-graded film, respectively. The absolute magnitude of the polarization offsets was closely related to the magnitude of the driving electric field, and the direction of the polarization offsets depended on the direction of the composition gradient with respect to the substrate. Analysis indicated that the polarization offsets did not originate from asymmetric contact effects, oxygen vacancies, alignment of defect dipoles, and/or electron injection. These results showed that polarization offsets in hysteresis loops were the intrinsic characteristic of the compositionally graded Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 thin films.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8979 , 1089-7550
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.1378055
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2001
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 220641-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3112-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1476463-5
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Phase transition and dielectric properties of La-doped Pb(Zr,Sn,Ti)O3 antiferroelectric ceramics under hydrostatic pressure and temperature
    AIP Publishing ; 2002
    In:  Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 92, No. 5 ( 2002-09-01), p. 2663-2667
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 92, No. 5 ( 2002-09-01), p. 2663-2667
    Abstract: Phase transition and dielectric properties of La-doped Pb(Zr,Sn,Ti)O3 antiferroelectric ceramics under hydrostatic pressure and temperature have been studied, and effects of temperature on the pressure-induced phase transition and the dielectric property dependence on the applied hydrostatic pressure have been investigated. It has been found from experimental results that the ferroelectric–antiferroelectric phase transition pressure is decreased with increasing temperature, and that when applying hydrostatic pressure the ferroelectric–antiferroelectric phase transition temperature is decreased and antiferroelectric–paraelectric phase transition temperature is increased. All these observed phenomena are very useful and informative for deep understanding of the behaviors of temperature and pressure-induced dielectric frequency dispersion and diffuse phase transition.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8979 , 1089-7550
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.1495532
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2002
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 220641-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3112-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1476463-5
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Postsintering annealing induced extrinsic dielectric and piezoelectric responses in lead–zinc–niobate-based ferroelectric ceramics
    AIP Publishing ; 2002
    In:  Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 92, No. 5 ( 2002-09-01), p. 2709-2716
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 92, No. 5 ( 2002-09-01), p. 2709-2716
    Abstract: The effect of postsintering annealing on the dielectric and piezoelectric responses in lead–zinc–niobate (PZN)-based ferroelectric ceramics was systematically studied in this work. Sintered PZN ceramics with the same composition were annealed at temperatures from 700 to 900 °C from 30 min to 24 h in various atmospheres. As a result, significant improvements in the dielectric and piezoelectric responses were observed in this system. After annealing, there was a huge increase of up to 130% in the dielectric constants, especially near the temperature of maximum dielectric constant. While the dielectric peaks became sharper and less diffuse, there was almost no change in frequency dispersion. Similar large improvements in the piezoelectric properties such as the coupling factor and piezoelectric constant were also observed. Optimized parameters, such as d33=642 pC/N, d31=−256 pC/N, kp=48% and εm=28 000, were achieved by annealing at 850 °C in an O2-rich atmosphere for 4–8 h. The observed improvement in the electrical properties can be attributed to an extrinsic contribution induced by domain wall motion. After annealing, the pinning effects caused by oxygen vacancies and internal stress on domain wall motion were largely reduced or eliminated, therefore a significantly reduced coercive field, an increased polarization level, and a greatly increased dielectric constant were observed in the PZN-based ferroelectric ceramics.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8979 , 1089-7550
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.1498887
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2002
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 220641-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3112-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1476463-5
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Exchange biasing in sputtered NiFe/PtMn bilayers
    AIP Publishing ; 2000
    In:  Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 87, No. 9 ( 2000-05-01), p. 4918-4920
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 87, No. 9 ( 2000-05-01), p. 4918-4920
    Abstract: The exchange coupling between ferromagnetic Ni81Fe19 and antiferromagnetic (AF) PtxMn1−x films prepared by rf and dc magnetron sputtering has been investigated. The Pt content in the PtxMn1−x film is in the range of 0 at. % & lt;x & lt;20 at. %. The exchange field and coercivity were found to depend strongly on the deposition conditions and the AF film composition. X-ray diffraction measurements and transmission electron microscopy measurement showed a γ-PtMn phase with a disordered fcc structure when the PtxMn1−x was deposited on top of the Ni81Fe19 layer. The exchange bias was found to depend on the texture and film composition of the γ-PtMn layers.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8979 , 1089-7550
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.373202
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2000
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 220641-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3112-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1476463-5
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cooperative magnetic behavior in the coordination polymers [Cu3(TMA)2L3] (L=H2O, pyridine)
    AIP Publishing ; 2000
    In:  Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 87, No. 9 ( 2000-05-01), p. 6007-6009
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 87, No. 9 ( 2000-05-01), p. 6007-6009
    Abstract: The temperature and magnetic field dependent magnetization of the polymeric solids [Cu3(TMA)2L3], where TMA=benzene-1,3-5-tricarboxylate and L=H2O or pyridine have been measured up to 5 T. These polymers contain dimeric [Cu2(O2CR)4] units. Discrete dimers in molecules such as cupric acetate have strong antiferromagnetic coupling between their two Cu d9 centers and at low T their susceptibility diminishes to nearly zero. While at higher T (300–100 K) the magnetism of the [Cu3(TMA)2L3] polymers resembles that of individual the [Cu2] dimer molecules, at low T a new cooperative behavior is found, with a sharp increase in χ seen at temperature below 75 K. In the case of L=pyridine a plot of 1/χ vs T shows linearity from 65 to 20 K and fits the Curie–Weiss law χ=C/(T− Θ ). Θ is found to be +4.7 K, indicative of a weak ferromagnetic coupling between dimers. This interaction may be facilitated by the planar aromatic bridges between the [Cu2] units.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8979 , 1089-7550
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.372595
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2000
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 220641-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3112-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1476463-5
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A new complete basis set model (CBS-QB3) study on the possible intermediates in chemiluminescence
    AIP Publishing ; 2000
    In:  The Journal of Chemical Physics Vol. 113, No. 18 ( 2000-11-08), p. 7731-7734
    Details
    In: The Journal of Chemical Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 113, No. 18 ( 2000-11-08), p. 7731-7734
    Abstract: The new highly accurate complete basis set model, CBS-QB3, was employed here to elucidate the long experimentally discussed problem in a general class of chemiluminescent reactions involving peroxyoxalate systems. Both the stability comparison and the vibrational spectra favor that the intermediate is better to be recognized as the cyclic singlet 1,2-dioxetanedione with the C2v symmetry, which verifies the experimental suggestion yet provides more characterization information. Another two kinds of minimum species in its potential energy surface (PES) are two kinds of product: (1) two carbon dioxide and (2) two carbon monoxide and one oxygen, where the thermodynamic parameters correctly identify their relative yield in the experiment—the former is much more abundant than the latter. In a complete search of minimum states in its PES, the triplet C2v and D2h states were found, which is energetically unfavorable compared with the singlet C2v state. Their vibrational data also support some experimental conclusions of ruling out a radical intermediate. In contrast, the singlet D2h state was found to be a transition state for the “up” and “down” singlet C2v states. The complete active space self-consistent-field calculations with the second-order Möller–Plesset correlation energy correction also support that the most stable species is the singlet C2v state and the singlet D2h state is more energetically favorable than its triplet counterpart.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-9606 , 1089-7690
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.1323256
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2000
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3113-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1473050-9
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Matrix effects on the mobility of oxygen atoms in different states
    AIP Publishing ; 2001
    In:  The Journal of Chemical Physics Vol. 114, No. 22 ( 2001-06-08), p. 9969-9974
    Details
    In: The Journal of Chemical Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 114, No. 22 ( 2001-06-08), p. 9969-9974
    Abstract: The trapping site structures for ozone molecules isolated in Xe matrices are simulated by a technique of time-going-backwards, showing that single substitutional sites are the most probable. Based on this understanding, molecular dynamics simulations of ultraviolet photolysis of O3 molecules in Xe matrices are carried out for various trapping sites for temperatures of 10, 20, and 30 K. By examining thousands of trajectories, we found that the photolysis quantum yield in Xe matrices is about ten times higher than that in Ar matrices, and solid Xe can serve as atomic sieve for selecting oxygen atoms in the D1 state. Our theoretical results are essentially in agreement with the available experimental data.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-9606 , 1089-7690
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.1351161
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2001
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3113-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1473050-9
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Photoelectron spectroscopy of mono-niobium carbide clusters NbCn−(n=2–7): Evidence for a cyclic to linear structural transition
    AIP Publishing ; 2001
    In:  The Journal of Chemical Physics Vol. 115, No. 11 ( 2001-09-15), p. 5170-5178
    Details
    In: The Journal of Chemical Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 115, No. 11 ( 2001-09-15), p. 5170-5178
    Abstract: We investigated a series of mono-niobium carbide clusters, NbCn− (n=2–7), using anion photoelectron spectroscopy. Vibrationally resolved photoelectron spectra were observed for NbC2− and NbC3−, which were both shown to have cyclic C2v structures. Two isomers were observed for NbC4− and NbC5−. The weak and low electron binding energy isomers were shown to be cyclic structures forming a series with NbC2− and NbC3−, and all have similar and low electron binding energies. The main isomers of NbC4− and NbC5−, which possess much higher electron binding energies, were shown to be due to linear structures, which form a series with NbC6− and NbC7−. All the linear NbCn− clusters were observed to have high electron binding energies and exhibit an even–odd alternation, similar to that observed for pure linear carbon clusters in the same size range. A cyclic to linear structural transition was thus observed for the NbCn− clusters from NbC3− to NbC4−, with the cyclic structures favored for the smaller clusters and the linear isomers favored for the larger clusters.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-9606 , 1089-7690
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.1395556
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2001
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3113-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1473050-9
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