In:
PLOS Pathogens, Public Library of Science (PLoS), Vol. 19, No. 4 ( 2023-4-28), p. e1010650-
Kurzfassung:
Paratyphoid fever caused by S . Paratyphi A is endemic in parts of South Asia and Southeast Asia. The proportion of enteric fever cases caused by S . Paratyphi A has substantially increased, yet only limited data is available on the population structure and genetic diversity of this serovar. We examined the phylogenetic distribution and evolutionary trajectory of S . Paratyphi A isolates collected as part of the Indian enteric fever surveillance study “Surveillance of Enteric Fever in India (SEFI).” In the study period (2017–2020), S . Paratyphi A comprised 17.6% (441/2503) of total enteric fever cases in India, with the isolates highly susceptible to all the major antibiotics used for treatment except fluoroquinolones. Phylogenetic analysis clustered the global S . Paratyphi A collection into seven lineages (A-G), and the present study isolates were distributed in lineages A, C and F. Our analysis highlights that the genome degradation events and gene acquisitions or losses are key molecular events in the evolution of new S . Paratyphi A lineages/sub-lineages. A total of 10 hypothetically disrupted coding sequences (HDCS) or pseudogenes-forming mutations possibly associated with the emergence of lineages were identified. The pan-genome analysis identified the insertion of P2/PSP3 phage and acquisition of IncX1 plasmid during the selection in 2.3.2/2.3.3 and 1.2.2 genotypes, respectively. We have identified six characteristic missense mutations associated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) biosynthesis genes of S . Paratyphi A, however, these mutations confer only a low structural impact and possibly have minimal impact on vaccine effectiveness. Since S . Paratyphi A is human-restricted, high levels of genetic drift are not expected unless these bacteria transmit to naive hosts. However, public-health investigation and monitoring by means of genomic surveillance would be constantly needed to avoid S . Paratyphi A serovar becoming a public health threat similar to the S . Typhi of today.
Materialart:
Online-Ressource
ISSN:
1553-7374
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010650
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010650.g001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010650.g002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010650.t001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010650.t002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010650.s001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010650.s002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010650.s003
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010650.s004
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010650.s005
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010650.s006
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010650.s007
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010650.s008
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010650.s009
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010650.s010
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010650.s011
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010650.s012
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010650.s013
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010650.s014
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010650.r001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010650.r002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010650.r003
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010650.r004
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010650.r005
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010650.r006
Sprache:
Englisch
Verlag:
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Publikationsdatum:
2023
ZDB Id:
2205412-1
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