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  • 2005-2009  (611)
  • 1940-1944
  • 1935-1939
  • 2006  (611)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    UID:
    b3kat_BV049074563
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (36 Seiten))
    Edition: Online-Ausg
    Content: Despite the deep financial sector reforms undertaken in Zambia in the early 1990s, the expected benefits of establishing a market-based banking system has not materialized. In 2005 the banking system continued to be small and underdeveloped. Credit to the private sector by banks represented only 8 percent of GDP in 2005, which is slightly lower than the level registered in 1990. As in the early 1990s, only large corporations and a few small- and medium-size enterprises have access to credit in 2006. Moreover, less than 8 percent of Zambia's adult population had a bank account in 2005. And despite the open door policy to foreign financial institutions, which has been in place since Zambia's independence, only a few new banking products have been introduced by foreign banks to serve the needs of households and firms. This paper analyzes the factors that have prevented the development of a large and inclusive banking system in Zambia and highlights possible actions that may help improve access to finance in Zambia in both the short and long terms
    Additional Edition: de Luna Martinez, Jose Access To Financial Services In Zambia
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 2
    UID:
    b3kat_BV040615660
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (v, 211 p) , ill , 28 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausgabe World Bank E-Library Archive Sonstige Standardnummer des Gesamttitels: 041181-4
    ISBN: 0821365576 , 0821365584 , 9780821365571 , 9780821365588
    Series Statement: WBI learning resources series
    Note: "This book complements the earlier WBI title Russia's transition to a new federalism" -Foreword. - Includes bibliographical references (p. 207-211)
    Additional Edition: Reproduktion von Martinez-Vazquez, Jorge Reforming regional-local finance in Russia 2006
    Language: English
    Keywords: Russland Pravitel'stvo ; Finanzpolitik
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 3
    UID:
    b3kat_BV040615692
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 53 p., [1] leaf of plates) , ill., maps (some col.) , 26 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausgabe World Bank E-Library Archive Sonstige Standardnummer des Gesamttitels: 041181-4
    ISBN: 0821366580
    Series Statement: World Bank working paper no. 80
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 51-53) , Erscheinungsjahr in Vorlageform:c2006
    Additional Edition: Reproduktion von Luna-Martinez, Jose de The Germany-Serbia remittance corridor 2006
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    UID:
    b3kat_BV040618467
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausgabe World Bank E-Library Archive Sonstige Standardnummer des Gesamttitels: 041181-4
    Edition: Also available in print.
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3862
    Content: "The authors formulate and test hypotheses about the role of bank ownership types-foreign, state-owned, and private domestic banks-in banking relationships, using data from India. The empirical results are consistent with all of their hypotheses with regard to foreign banks. These banks tend to serve as the main bank for transparent firms, and firms with foreign main banks are most likely to have multiple banking relationships, have the most relationships, and diversify relationships across bank ownership types. The data are also consistent with the hypothesis that firms with state-owned main banks are relatively unlikely to diversify across bank ownership types. However, state-owned banks often do not provide the main relationship for firms they are mandated to serve (for example, small, opaque firms), and the predictions of negative effects on multiple banking and number of relationships hold for only one type of state-owned bank. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references. - Title from PDF file as viewed on 3/8/2006 , Erscheinungsjahr in Vorlageform:[2006]
    Additional Edition: Reproduktion von Bank ownership type and banking relationships 2006
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 5
    UID:
    b3kat_BV040618684
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (1 online resource (60 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausgabe World Bank E-Library Archive Sonstige Standardnummer des Gesamttitels: 041181-4
    Content: Using information from 193 banks in 58 countries, the authors develop and analyze indicators of physical access, affordability, and eligibility barriers to deposit, loan, and payment services. They find substantial cross-country variation in barriers to banking and show that in many countries these barriers can potentially exclude a significant share of the population from using banking services. Correlations with bank- and country-level variables show that bank size and the availability of physical infrastructure are the most robust predictors of barriers. Further, the authors find evidence that in more competitive, open, and transparent economies, and in countries with better contractual and informational frameworks, banks impose lower barriers. Finally, though foreign banks seem to charge higher fees than other banks, in foreign dominated banking systems fees are lower and it is easier to open bank accounts and to apply for loans. On the other hand, in systems that are predominantly government-owned, customers pay lower fees but also face greater restrictions in terms of where to apply for loans and how long it takes to have applications processed. These findings have important implications for policy reforms to broaden access
    Note: Weitere Ausgabe: Beck, Thorsten : Banking Services For Everyone ?
    Additional Edition: Reproduktion von Beck, Thorsten, 1967- Banking Services For Everyone ? 2006
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    Author information: Beck, Thorsten 1967-
    Author information: Demirgüç-Kunt, Asli 1961-
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  • 6
    UID:
    b3kat_BV040618420
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausgabe World Bank E-Library Archive Sonstige Standardnummer des Gesamttitels: 041181-4
    Edition: Also available in print.
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3815
    Content: "Consumption baskets vary across households and inflation rates vary across goods. As a result, standard consumer price index (CPI) inflation may provide a misleading measure of the inflation actually faced by poor households, more so the more unequal the distribution of aggregate consumption across households. Likewise, changes in observed nominal consumption inequality may be very different from those in true inequality, that is, that measured using household-specific CPIs. The authors explore empirically these issues using household data covering nine episodes from four Latin American countries (Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru). They find that in these countries standard CPI inflation typically reflects the inflation rate faced by a rich consumer located in the 80 to 90 percentile of the distribution of consumption expenditure. In most episodes the authors also find that inflation was anti-rich-that is, the inflation faced by the richest consumers was higher than the inflation faced by the poorest consumers. As a result of this bias, the observed increases in nominal inequality generally exceed the actual changes in real inequality. These results are robust to correcting for quality change bias in the CPI, to the use of alternative price indices, and to the use of alternative inequality measures. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references. - Title from PDF file as viewed on 1/11/2006 , Erscheinungsjahr in Vorlageform:[2006] , Weitere Ausgabe: Lopez, J. Humberto: Getting real about inequality
    Additional Edition: Reproduktion von López, J. Humberto, 1965- Getting real about inequality 2006
    Language: English
    Keywords: Fallstudiensammlung
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  • 7
    UID:
    b3kat_BV021635700
    Format: XXXIII, 364 S. , Ill., graph. Darst.
    ISBN: 3823362437 , 9783823362432
    Series Statement: Giessener Beiträge zur Fremdsprachendidaktik
    Note: Beitr. teilw. dt., teilw. franz., teilw. span.
    Language: German
    Subjects: Comparative Studies. Non-European Languages/Literatures
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Romanische Sprachen ; Fremdsprachenlernen ; Mehrsprachigkeit ; Romanische Sprachen ; Fremdsprachenunterricht ; Mehrsprachigkeit ; Meißner, Franz-Joseph 1946-2022 ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Bibliografie ; Festschrift ; Festschrift ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Bibliografie
    Author information: Martinez, Hélène 1963-
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  • 8
    UID:
    b3kat_BV040618599
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausgabe World Bank E-Library Archive Sonstige Standardnummer des Gesamttitels: 041181-4
    Edition: Also available in print.
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3994
    Content: "The authors test whether poor households use cash transfers to invest in income generating activities that they otherwise would not have been able to do. Using data from a controlled randomized experiment, they find that transfers from the Oportunidades program to households in rural Mexico resulted in increased investment in micro-enterprise and agricultural activities. For each peso transferred, beneficiary households used 88 cents to purchase consumption goods and services, and invested the rest. The investments improved the household's ability to generate income with an estimated rate of return of 17.55 percent, suggesting that these households were both liquidity and credit constrained. By investing transfers to raise income, beneficiary households were able to increase their consumption by 34 percent after five and a half years in the program. The results suggest that cash transfers to the poor may raise long-term living standards, which are maintained after program benefits end. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references. - Title from PDF file as viewed on 8/21/2006 , Erscheinungsjahr in Vorlageform:[2006]
    Additional Edition: Reproduktion von Gertler, Paul J., 1955- Investing cash transfers to raise long term living standards 2006
    Language: English
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    UID:
    b3kat_BV049074710
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3914
    Content: "While there is extensive knowledge about how to design fiscal decentralization policies, considerably less is understood about how a decentralization program should be sequenced and implemented. Countries embarking on decentralization often struggle with decisions about the essential components of decentralization, including the order of an introduction of decentralization policies, the number of years necessary to bring a full program on line, and the components of the transition strategy. The authors argue that the sequencing of decentralization policies is an important determinant of its success. The consequences of a poorly sequenced decentralization program can range from minor delays and complications to ineffectiveness and subsequent failing support of decentralization efforts, macroeconomic instability, and fundamental failure in public sector delivery. At a minimum, the strategy of "making it up as we go" will not lead to the same structure of decentralization as will a planned strategy. The paper raises two questions: First, is there an optimal sequencing for decentralization policies and implementation? The answer is that there is, and that following these sequencing rules can reduce the costs and risks of implementing fiscal decentralization. Second, to what extent do countries follow these optimal sequencing rules? The answer is, in general, they do not. The gap between theory and practice is a result of the complexity of sequencing design, which discourages fiscal planners from implementing the full process. In addition, sequencing requires a sustained discipline and vision for its implementation, as well as overcoming pressures from political actors, especially in developing countries. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/17/2006
    Additional Edition: Bahl, Roy W Sequencing fiscal decentralization
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    UID:
    gbv_724220194
    Format: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3914
    Content: "While there is extensive knowledge about how to design fiscal decentralization policies, considerably less is understood about how a decentralization program should be sequenced and implemented. Countries embarking on decentralization often struggle with decisions about the essential components of decentralization, including the order of an introduction of decentralization policies, the number of years necessary to bring a full program on line, and the components of the transition strategy. The authors argue that the sequencing of decentralization policies is an important determinant of its success. The consequences of a poorly sequenced decentralization program can range from minor delays and complications to ineffectiveness and subsequent failing support of decentralization efforts, macroeconomic instability, and fundamental failure in public sector delivery. At a minimum, the strategy of "making it up as we go" will not lead to the same structure of decentralization as will a planned strategy. The paper raises two questions: First, is there an optimal sequencing for decentralization policies and implementation? The answer is that there is, and that following these sequencing rules can reduce the costs and risks of implementing fiscal decentralization. Second, to what extent do countries follow these optimal sequencing rules? The answer is, in general, they do not. The gap between theory and practice is a result of the complexity of sequencing design, which discourages fiscal planners from implementing the full process. In addition, sequencing requires a sustained discipline and vision for its implementation, as well as overcoming pressures from political actors, especially in developing countries. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/17/2006 , Also available in print.
    Additional Edition: Bahl, Roy W Sequencing fiscal decentralization
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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