In:
Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials, Bentham Science Publishers Ltd., Vol. 14, No. 3 ( 2019-08-21), p. 189-202
Abstract:
The 20th century represents a breakthrough in the transplantation era, since
the first kidney transplantation between identical twins was performed. This was the first case of tolerance, since the recipient did not need immunosuppression. However, as transplantation became
possible, an immunosuppression-free status became the ultimate goal, since the first tolerance case was a clear exception from the hard reality nowadays represented by rejection. Methods: A plethora of studies was described over the past decades to understand the molecular
mechanisms responsible for rejection. This review focuses on the most relevant studies found in the literature where renal tolerance cases are claimed. Contrasting, and at the same time, encouraging
outcomes are herein discussed and a glimpse on the main renal biomarkers analyzed in this field is provided. Results: The activation of the immune system has been shown to play a central role in organ failure,
but also it seems to induce a tolerance status when an allograft is performed, despite tolerance is still rare to register. Although there are still overwhelming challenges to overcome and various immune
pathways remain arcane; the immunosuppression minimization might be more attainable than previously believed. Conclusion: Multiple biomarkers and tolerance mechanisms suspected to be involved in renal
transplantation have been investigated to understand their real role, with still no clear answers on the topic. Thus, the actual knowledge provided necessarily leads to more in-depth investigations,
although many questions in the past have been answered, there are still many issues on renal tolerance that need to be addressed.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1574-8871
DOI:
10.2174/1574887114666190313170205
Language:
English
Publisher:
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Publication Date:
2019
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