Kooperativer Bibliotheksverbund

UID:

Format: XIX, 456 S.

Edition: 1. publ.

ISBN: 978-0-415-82934-2 , 978-0-415-82936-6

Uniform Title: Einführung in die Wissenschaftstheorie

Note: Includes indexes

Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe ISBN 978-0-203-36627-1

Language: English

Subjects: General works , Philosophy , Sociology

Keywords: Wissenschaftstheorie ; Lehrbuch ; Lehrbuch ; Lehrbuch ; Lehrbuch

URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis

URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis

URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis

URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis

Author information: Schurz, Gerhard 1956-

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Format: XI, 644 S.

ISBN: 90-5183-317-2

Series Statement: Poznań studies in the philosophy of the sciences and the humanities 24

Language: English

Subjects: Philosophy

Keywords: Logik ; Wissenschaftstheorie ; 1931- Weingartner, Paul ; Philosophie ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Bibliografie ; Festschrift ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Bibliografie ; Festschrift ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Bibliografie ; Festschrift ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Bibliografie ; Festschrift

URL: http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=002906153&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA

URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis

URL: http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=002906153&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA

Author information: Schurz, Gerhard 1956-

Author information: Weingartner, Paul 1931-

UID:

Format: 1 Online-Ressource

ISBN: 9783540615842

Series Statement: Lecture notes in physics 473

Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druckausgabe ISBN 978-3-540-70693-9

Language: English

Keywords: Physikalisches System ; Naturgesetz ; Prognose ; Chaostheorie ; Invarianz ; Chaos ; Dynamisches System ; Konferenzschrift

DOI: 10.1007/BFb0101863

URL: Volltext

Author information: Schurz, Gerhard 1956-

Author information: Weingartner, Paul 1931-

UID:

Format: X, 294 p. , online resource.

ISBN: 9783540706939

Series Statement: Lecture Notes in Physics, 473

Content: Like relativity and quantum theory chaos research is another prominent concept of 20th century physics that has triggered deep and far-reaching discussions in the philosophy of science. In this volume outstanding scientists discuss the fundamental problems of the concepts of law and of prediction. They present their views in their contributions to this volume, but they also are exposed to criticism in transcriptions of recordings made during discussions and in comments on their views also published in this book. Although all authors assume familiarity with some background in physics they also address the philosophers of science and even a general audience interested in modern science's contribution to a deeper understanding of reality.

Note: Time, chaos and the laws of nature -- Natural laws and human prediction -- Comment on Boris Chirikov's paper “Natural laws and human prediction” -- Natural laws and the physics of complex systems comments on the report by B. Chirikov -- Discussion of Boris Chrikov's paper -- Under what transformations are laws invariant? -- Contingency and fundamental laws comment on Paul Weingartner “Under what transformations are laws invariant?” -- Discussion of Paul Weingartner's paper -- The status of determinism in an uncontrollable world -- Discussion of David Miller's paper -- Kinds of unpredictability in deterministic systems -- Discussion of Gerhard Schurz' paper -- Decoherence, determinism and chaos revisited -- Discussion of H. Pierre Noyes' paper -- Photons, billiards and chaos -- Discussion of Pat Suppes' paper -- Chaos: Algorithmic complexity vs. Dynamical instability -- Discussion of Robert Batterman's paper -- On the foundations of synergetics -- Discussion of Arne Wunderlin's paper.

In: Springer eBooks

Additional Edition: Printed edition: ISBN 9783540615842

Language: English

DOI: 10.1007/BFb0101863

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BFb0101863

URL: Volltext

URL: Inhaltstext

URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis

UID:

Format: X, 332 S.

ISBN: 0-7923-4410-3

Series Statement: Trends in logic 1

Note: Zugl.: Salzburg, Univ., Habil.-Schr. u.d.T.: Schurz, Gerhard: Relevant deduction in science and ethics

Language: English

Subjects: Philosophy

Keywords: Sein ; Sollen ; Logik ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift

Author information: Schurz, Gerhard 1956-

UID:

Format: 1 online resource (414 p.)

ISBN: 9783110328875 , 9783110636949

Series Statement: Publications of the Austrian Ludwig Wittgenstein Society - New Series , 11

Content: Philosophers often have tried to either reduce "disagreeable" objects or concepts to (more) acceptable objects or concepts. Reduction is regarded attractive by those who subscribe to an ideal of ontological parsimony. But the topic is not just restricted to traditional metaphysics or ontology. In the philosophy of mathematics, abstraction principles, such as Hume's principle, have been suggested to support a reconstruction of mathematics by logical means only. In the philosophy of language and the philosophy of science, the logical analysis of language has long been regarded to be the dominating paradigm, and liberalized projects of logical reconstruction remain to be driving forces of modern philosophy. This volume collects contributions comprising all those topics, including articles by Alexander Bird, Jaakko Hintikka, James Ladyman, Rohit Parikh, Gerhard Schurz, Peter Simons, Crispin Wright and Edward N. Zalta.

Note: Frontmatter -- , Introduction -- , Table of Contents -- , I. Reduction -- , A PROOF OF NOMINALISM: AN EXERCISE IN SUCCESSFUL REDUCTION IN LOGIC -- , PRESERVATION OF EMPIRICAL SUCCESS AND INTERTHEORETICAL CORRESPONDENCE: JUSTIFYING REALISM WITHOUT THE NO MIRACLES ARGUMENT -- , EMPIRICAL ADEQUACY AND RAMSIFICATION, II -- , ELIMINATING MODALITY FROM THE DETERMINISM DEBATE? MODELS VS. EQUATIONS OF PHYSICAL THEORIES -- , DETERMINISTIC VERSUS INDETERMINISTIC DESCRIPTIONS: NOT THAT DIFFERENT AFTER ALL? -- , THE "MULTIREALIZATION" OF MULTIPLE REALIZABILITY -- , PESSIMISTIC META-INDUCTION AND THE EXPONENTIAL GROWTH OF SCIENCE -- , WEAK PHYSICALISM AND SPECIAL SCIENCE ONTOLOGY -- , ARE NATURAL KINDS REDUCIBLE? -- , ONTIC GENERATION: GETTING EVERYTHING FROM THE BASICS -- , WHAT REDUCTIONISTS BELIEVE IN -- , SUPERVENIENCE AND MORAL REALISM -- , ALTERNATIVE REDUCTIONS FOR DYNAMIC DEONTIC LOGICS -- , II. Abstraction -- , THE METAPHYSICS AND EPISTEMOLOGY OF ABSTRACTION -- , HOW ABSTRACTION WORKS -- , THIN OBJECTS -- , RUSSELL'S MANY POINTS -- , FROM DESCRIPTIVE FUNCTIONS TO SETS OF ORDERED PAIRS -- , DIAGONALIZATION, THE LIAR PARADOX, AND THE INCONSISTENCY OF THE FORMAL SYSTEM PRESENTED IN THE APPENDIX TO FREGE'S GRUNDGESETZE: VOLUME II -- , A PROBLEM AND A SOLUTION FOR NEO-FREGEANISM -- , ED ZALTA'S VERSION OF NEO-LOGICISM - A FRIENDLY LETTER OF COMPLAINT -- , REPLY TO P. EBERT AND M. ROSSBERG'S FRIENDLY LETTER OF COMPLAINT -- , III. Analysis -- , ON THE BENEFITS OF A REDUCTION OF MODAL PREDICATES TO MODAL OPERATORS -- , CALCULI OF INDIVIDUALS AND SOME EXTENSIONS: AN OVERVIEW -- , DEFINITE DESCRIPTIONS: LANGUAGE, LOGIC, AND ELIMINATION -- , FROM LANGUAGE GAMES TO SOCIAL SOFTWARE -- , ON THE RELATION BETWEEN GAMES IN EXTENSIVE FORM AND GAMES IN STRATEGIC FORM -- , TWO ACCOUNTS OF SIMILARITY COMPARED -- , CONTEXTUALISM, RELATIVISM, AND FACTIVITY. ANALYZING 'KNOWLEDGE' AFTER THE NEW LINGUISTIC TURN IN EPISTEMOLOGY -- , Backmatter , Issued also in print. , Mode of access: Internet via World Wide Web. , In English.

In: DGBA Philosophy 2000 - 2014, De Gruyter, 9783110636949

In: eBook Package De Gruyter Ontos 2002-2012, De Gruyter, 9783110331226

In: eBook Paket De Gruyter Ontos 2002-2012, De Gruyter, 9783110331219

Additional Edition: ISBN 9783110328578

Language: English

Keywords: Electronic books

DOI: 10.1515/9783110328875

URL: Open Access

URL: Open Access

URL: Cover

URL: Volltext

URL: Volltext

URL: Volltext

URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)

URL: Volltext  (Open Access)

URL: Open Access

URL: Cover

URL: Cover

URL: Cover  (lizenzpflichtig)

UID:

Format: 1 online resource (320 pages).

ISBN: 9780262352444 , 0262352443

Content: A new approach to Hume's problem of induction that justifies the optimality of induction at the level of meta-induction. Hume's problem of justifying induction has been among epistemology's greatest challenges for centuries. In this book, Gerhard Schurz proposes a new approach to Hume's problem. Acknowledging the force of Hume's arguments against the possibility of a noncircular justification of the reliability of induction, Schurz demonstrates instead the possibility of a noncircular justification of the optimality of induction, or, more precisely, of meta-induction (the application of induction to competing prediction models). Drawing on discoveries in computational learning theory, Schurz demonstrates that a regret-based learning strategy, attractivity-weighted meta-induction, is predictively optimal in all possible worlds among all prediction methods accessible to the epistemic agent. Moreover, the a priori justification of meta-induction generates a noncircular a posteriori justification of object induction. Taken together, these two results provide a noncircular solution to Hume's problem. Schurz discusses the philosophical debate on the problem of induction, addressing all major attempts at a solution to Hume's problem and describing their shortcomings; presents a series of theorems, accompanied by a description of computer simulations illustrating the content of these theorems (with proofs presented in a mathematical appendix); and defends, refines, and applies core insights regarding the optimality of meta-induction, explaining applications in neighboring disciplines including forecasting sciences, cognitive science, social epistemology, and generalized evolution theory. Finally, Schurz generalizes the method of optimality-based justification to a new strategy of justification in epistemology, arguing that optimality justifications can avoid the problems of justificatory circularity and regress.

Language: English

URL: MIT CogNet

URL: OCLC metadata license agreement

URL: lizenzpflichtig

URL: lizenzpflichtig

UID:

Format: X, 332 p. , online resource.

ISBN: 9789401733755

Series Statement: Trends in Logic, Studia Logica Library, 1

Content: Can OUGHT be derived from IS? This book presents an investigation of this time-honored problem by means of alethic-deontic predicate logic. New in this study is the leitmotif of relevance: is-ought inferences indeed exist, but they are all irrelevant in a precise logical sense. New proof techniques establish this result for very broad classes of logics. A profound philosophical analysis of is-ought bridge principles supplements the logical study. The final results imply incisive limitations for the justifiability of ethics as opposed to empirical science.

Note: 1. Philosophical Background and Program of the Study -- 2. The Logical Background: A.D.1-Logics -- 3. The Logical Explication of Hume’s Thesis -- 4. The General Hume Thesis GH -- 5. The Special Hume Thesis SH -- 6. Weakened Versions of Hume’s Thesis in A.D.I-Logics with Bridge Principles -- 7. A.D.1-Logics with Weak Alethic Fragments: ? as a Subjective Propositional Attitude -- 8. Generalizations -- 9. Some Applications to Ethical Arguments -- 10. The Problems of Identity and Existence -- 11. Are There Analytic Bridge Principles? A Philosophical Investigation -- 12. Are Synthetic Bridge Principles Scientifically Justifiable? -- A.1 Interchange of substitution for predicates and for individual variables -- A.2 Transitivity of predicate substitutions -- A.5 Preservation of frame-validity under ?-substitution -- A.6 Advancing ?-, a- and d-rule -- A.7 Model-completeness for a.d.l-logics -- A.8 Singleton frames for a.d.1-logics which are not propositionally representable -- A.9 Canonical a.0-logics with incomplete 1-counterparts -- A.10 Canonicity transfer from a.0- to a.1-logics -- A.11 Canonicity transfer from monomodal to combined bimodal 1-logics -- A.12 Halldéncompleteness and the Bolzano-criterion -- A.13 Correspondence and canonicity for (N1-5) -- A.14 Domains of j.1.-models -- A.16 Characterization of a.d.(G)2-logics -- A.17 Admissibility of (?GR) -- Table of Definitions, Lemmata, Propositions, Theorems, Corollaries, Facts, Figures and Problems -- Notes.

In: Springer eBooks

Additional Edition: Printed edition: ISBN 9789048147953

Language: English

Keywords: Hochschulschrift

DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-3375-5

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3375-5

URL: Volltext

UID:

Format: 1 online resource (308 p.)

ISBN: 9783110323627 , 9783110238570

Series Statement: Linguistics & Philosophy , 1

Content: Representational systems such as language, mind and perhaps even the brain exhibit a structure that is often assumed to be compositional. That is, the semantic value of a complex representation is determined by the semantic value of their parts and the way they are put together. Dating back to the late 19th century, the principle of compositionality has regained wide attention recently. Since the principle has been dealt with very differently across disciplines, the aim of the two volumes is to bring together the diverging approaches. They assemble a collection of original papers that cover the topic of compositionality from virtually all perspectives of interest in the contemporary debate. The well-chosen international list of authors includes psychologists, neuroscientists, computer scientists, linguists, and philosophers.

Note: Frontmatter -- , Contents -- , Preface -- , Is Compositionality an A Priori Principle? -- , Fodor's Inexplicitness Argument -- , Compositionality Inductively, Co-inductively and Contextually -- , Confirmation and Compositionality -- , Levels of Perceptual Content and Visual Images. Conceptual, Compositional, or Not? -- , Recognitional Concepts and Conceptual Combination -- , How Similarities Compose -- , The Structure of Thoughts -- , Intensional Epistemic Wholes: A Study in the Ontology of Collectivity -- , Impossible Primitives -- , Is Compositionality an Empirical Matter? -- , The Compositionality of Concepts and Peirce's Pragmatic Logic -- , Semantic Holism and (Non-)Compositionality in Scientific Theories -- , Right and Wrong Reasons for Compositionality , Issued also in print. , Mode of access: Internet via World Wide Web. , In English.

In: DGBA Backlist Complete English Language 2000-2014 PART1, De Gruyter, 9783110238570

In: DGBA Backlist Philosophy 2000-2014 (EN), De Gruyter, 9783110238488

In: DGBA Philosophy 2000 - 2014, De Gruyter, 9783110636949

In: eBook Package De Gruyter Ontos 2002-2012, De Gruyter, 9783110331226

In: eBook Paket De Gruyter Ontos 2002-2012, De Gruyter, 9783110331219

Additional Edition: ISBN 9783110323061

Language: English

DOI: 10.1515/9783110323627

URL: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110323627

URL: https://www.degruyter.com/isbn/9783110323627

URL: Cover

UID:

Format: 1 online resource (378 pages)

ISBN: 9783319230153

Series Statement: European Studies in Philosophy of Science Ser. v.1

Content: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Part I Truth and Semantics -- Coherence and (Likeness to) Truth -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Coherence and Information -- 3 A Constraint-Based Evaluation of Coherence Measures -- 4 Two-Sided Coherence Measures -- 5 Conjunctive Theories and Expected Coherence -- 5.1 Estimated Verisimilitude for Conjunctive Theories -- 5.2 Making the Link: Expected Coherence and Estimated Verisimilitude -- 6 Conclusion -- Appendix: A Proof of Theorem 5.1 -- References -- A Verisimilitudinarian Rebuttal of a Recent Attack Against Realism -- 1 Introduction -- 2 A Brief Overview of VS -- 3 Two Roles of Verisimilitude Within VS? -- 4 A Too Demanding Standard for Theory-Choice -- 5 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Realistic Claims in Logical Empiricism -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Realism Issue: A Mere Pseudo-Problem? -- 3 Realism as a Problem of Language -- 4 The Invariantist Alternative -- 5 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Patchworks of Laws and Partial Structures -- 1 Patchwork of Laws -- 2 Modular Semantics for Axiomatic Theories -- 2.1 Networks of Partial Structures -- 2.2 Local Worlds -- 2.3 Global Worlds -- 2.4 Inconsistency Management -- 3 Patchwork of Partial Structures -- References -- Part II Social Epistemology, Rational Choice Theory and Public Policy -- Social Epistemology, Debate Dynamics, and Truth Approximation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Truth Approximation as the Goal of Inquiry -- 3 Debate Dynamics: Evolving Dialectical Structures -- 4 Truth Approximation in Debate Dynamics -- 5 Extending the Theory of Dialectical Structures -- 6 Conclusions: Truth Tracking vs. Truth Approximation -- References -- Wise Crowds, Clever Meta-Inductivists -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Optimality of Global Meta-Induction -- 3 The Wise Crowd -- 4 The Formal Setup -- 5 Groups with Universal Accessibility -- 6 Groups with Restricted Accessibility.

Note: Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources

Additional Edition: ISBN 9783319230146

Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe ISBN 9783319230146

Language: English

URL: lizenzpflichtig