Umfang:
1 Online-Ressource
Ausgabe:
1st ed
ISBN:
9798216993322
Serie:
Daily Life Encyclopedias
Inhalt:
Unlike traditional references that recount political and military history, this encyclopedia includes entries on a wide range of aspects related to daily life during the medieval crusades. The medieval crusades were fundamental in shaping world history and provide background for the conflict that exists between the West and the Muslim world today. This two-volume set presents fundamental information about the medieval crusades as a movement and its ideological impact on both the crusaders and the peoples of the East. It takes a broad look at numerous topics related to crusading, with the goal of helping readers to better understand what inspired the crusaders, the hardships associated with crusading, and how crusading has influenced the development of cultures both in the East and the West. The first of the two thematically arranged volumes considers topics such as the arts, economics and work, food and drink, family and gender, and fashion and appearance. The second volume considers topics such as housing and community, politics and warfare, recreation and social customs, religion and beliefs, and science and technology. Within each topical section are alphabetically arranged reference entries, complete with cross-references and suggestions for further reading. Selections from primary source documents, each accompanied by an introductory headnote, give readers first-hand accounts of the crusades
Anmerkung:
Preface, Acknowledgments, Introduction: The World of the Crusades, Chronology, VOLUME 1 Arts, Introduction, Alhambra Palace, Chanson de Geste, Church of the Holy Sepulchre, Constantinople, Artistic Treasures of, Crown of Thorns, Crusader Castles, Crusader Illuminated Manuscripts, Gothic Architecture, Hagia Sophia, Holy Lance, Islamic Art, Islamic Culture, Islamic Poetry, Jewish Chroniclers and Historians, Latin Christian Chroniclers and Historians, Montjoie, Music and the Crusades, Muslim Chroniclers and Historians, Nur ad-Din, Promotion of the Arts, Prester John, Legend of, Qur'an, Latin Translations of, Relics, Looting of, Romanesque Architecture, Sainte Chapelle, Symbols of the Crusading Orders, True Cross, Economics and Work, Introduction, Agriculture and the Crusader States, Baltic States Trade, Banking and the Templars, Blacksmiths, Byzantine and Latin Christian Trade, Byzantine and Muslim Trade, Colonialism and Crusading, Cooks, Crusade Charters and the Cost of Crusading, Crusade Tax, Crusader Coinage, Economic Motives of the Crusaders, Economies of the Crusader States, Exports from the Crusader States, Family Funding of Crusaders, Imports to the Crusader States, Italian Merchants, Labor in the Crusader States, Landowners, Laundresses, Pillage and Plunder, Planning for a Crusade, Port Cities in the Crusader States, Prostitution, Silk Roads, Slavery and the Crusades, Taxation in the Crusader States, Family and Gender, Introduction, Amazons, Aristocratic Women, Children's Crusade, Christian Marriage, Christian Women, Muslim Views of, Dynastic Succession in the Kingdom of Jerusalem, Effeminate Greeks, Eroticized Muslim Women, Knightly Masculinity, Masculinity and the Crusades, Motherhood, Muslim and Christian Intermarriage, Muslim Polygamy, Primogeniture, Rape and the First Crusade, Sexual Promiscuity, Virgin Mary, Wives, Abandonment of, Wives as an Impediment, Women and Prayer, Women and the Siege of Antioch (1098), Women as Combatants, Women Captives, Plight of, Women, Efforts to Ban from Crusades, Women on the Home Front, Women, Participation of, Fashion and Appearance, Introduction, Arab Dress, Arab Hairstyles, Byzantine Uniforms, Christian Women's Clothing, Clerical Dress, Clerical Hairstyles, Climate and Clothing in the Holy Land, Crusader's Cross and Clothing, Hospitaller Uniforms, Hygiene and Islamic Law, Hygiene in Latin Christendom, Hygiene in the Holy Land, Jewelry, Knightly Dress, Knightly Hairstyles, Muslim Women's Clothing, Native Clothing, Adoption of in the Holy Land, Peasant Clothing, Templar Uniforms, Textiles, Turkish Dress, Turkish Hairstyles, Undergarments, Food and Drink, Introduction, Agricultural Seasons and Crusading, Beer, Bread, Byzantine Logistical Support of the Crusaders, Cannibalism, Christian Fasting, Crusader Armies, Feeding of, Culinary Impact of the Crusades on Europe, Feasts, Food, Food Preservation, Food Shortages, Food and Siege Warfare, Hunting, Jewish Dietary Laws, Living Off the Land, Meat, Men as Providers of Food, Muslim Dietary Laws, Muslim Fasting, Poison, Popular Foods in Europe, Popular Foods in the Holy Land, Spices, Starvation, Vegetables, Water, Wine, Women as Providers of Water, Housing and Community, Introduction, Abuse of Christians in the East before the First Crusade, Armenian Views of the Crusaders, Byzantine Views of the Crusaders, Convivencia, Crusader Atrocities against Non-Christians, Dhimmi Status, Eastern Christian Groups, Jewish Communities in Europe, Jewish Communities in the Holy Land, Jihadist Atrocities against Non-Muslims, Knights Hospitaller, Conversion to a Military Order, Knights Templar, Founding of (1119), Knights Templar, Temple Mount Headquarters of, Latin Christians as Barbarians in Muslim Sources, Latin Christians in the Holy Land after 1291, Massacre of Latin Christians in Constantinople (1182), Monastic Life in the Military Orders, Mongols, Christian Efforts to Convert, Muslim Peoples, Muslim Reactions to the Crusader States, Muslims as Barbarians in Crusader Sources, Populating the Crusader States, Sleep, Spanish Military Orders, Establishment of, Sunni and Shia Conflicts, Teutonic Knights, Founding of, Turkish and Arab Conflicts, VOLUME 2 Politics and Warfare, Introduction, "Battle of the Blacks" (1169), Byzantine Empire, Impact of Crusading on, Byzantine Empire, Recruitment of Western Warriors, Byzantine Empire, Requests for Military Aid, Christian Calls to Reclaim the Holy Land after 1291, Christian-Islamic Conflict before the Crusades, Criticism of Crusading, Crusader Attacks on Christians, Crusader Queens, Crusader States, Establishment of (1097 - 1109), Crusader States, Fall of, "Defensive Wars," Crusades as, Desertion, Edessa, Fall of (Second Crusade, 1144), Export of Violence Theory and Crusading, Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor (1194 - 1250), Heretics, Crusades against, Islamic Dynasties, Jerusalem, Fall of (Third Crusade, 1187), Jihad, Appeal of, Latin Empire of Constantinople, Establishment of (1204), Lay Enthusiasm for Crusading, Louis IX, King of France (1214 - 1270), Monarchs, Participation of in Crusading, Mongols, Impact of on the Crusades, Muslim Disunity and the First Crusade, Nur ad-Din, Resistance of to the Crusaders, Political Crusades in Europe, Ransom of Prisoners, Reconquista, Saladin, Sultan of Egypt and Syria (1137 - 1193), Turkish Threat to Europe, Recreation and Social Customs, Introduction, Chastity, Christian Prisoners, Treatment of, Crusader's Vow, Crusading as an Armed Pilgrimage, Drug Use, Drunkenness, Eastern Christians, Life for in the Crusader States, Etiquette, Going Native, Heraldry, Holidays, Idleness, Interfaith Relations, Jews, Life for in the Crusader States, Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem, Legal System of, Muslim and Christian Friendship, Muslim Prisoners, Treatment of, Muslims, Life for in the Crusader States, Oaths, Pilgrimage, Hazards of, Pilgrimage and Pilgrimage Sites, Punishment of Crimes, Siege Negotiations, Social Interaction, Social Status of Local Peoples, Religion and Beliefs, Introduction, "Act of Love," Crusading as, Bible and Crusade Preaching, Bible, Holy War in, Canon Law and Crusading, Christian Holy War before the Crusades, Christian Reconciliation Efforts, Clerical Preaching, Dominican Order, Ecclesiastical Councils and the Crusades, Franciscan Order, Holy War, Crusading as, Indulgences, Islamic Law, Jerusalem, Religious Significance of, Jesus in Crusade Preaching, Jihad, Martyrdom (Christian), Martyrdom (Islamic), Missionary Efforts, Personal Holiness, Necessity of for Military Success, Praise of God for Military Victories, Protestant Views of the Crusades, Religious Appeal of Crusading, Religious Conversion, Saintly Intercession, Sin and Military Defeat, Urban II, Pope (r. 1088 - 1099), Promotion of the First Crusade, Science and Technology, Introduction, Archers (Crusader), Archers (Muslim), Armor (Crusader), Armor (Muslim), Cavalry (Byzantine), Cavalry (Muslim), Cavalry (Western), Defensive Walls, Disease, Greek Fire, Gunpowder, Handheld Weapons (Crusader), Handheld Weapons (Muslim), Hospitals, Medical Practitioners in the Crusader States, Muslim Learning, European Exposure to, Muslim Views of Crusader Medicine, Muslim Views of Crusaders as Uneducated, Naval Technology, Naval Warfare, Renaissance of the Twelfth Century, Siege Engines, Siege Mining, Siege Warfare, Surgery, Translations of Islamic Texts, Trebuchet, Universities, Primary Documents, Charlemagne Laments the Death of Roland in La Chanson de Roland (eleventh century), Albert of Aachen on the Crusaders' Slaughter of the Rhineland Jews (1096), Albert of Aachen on Godfrey's Negotiations with the Byzantine Emperor for the Purchase of Food in Constantinople (1096), Count Stephen's Letter to His Wife Adele on the Successes and Hardships of the Battle of Antioch during the First Crusade (1098), Letter of Manasses to Lambert on the Jubilation of Conquering Jerusalem and a Request for Aid from the West (ca. 1099), Godfrey's Letter to Pope Paschal II on C
,
1101), The Gesta Francorum on the Siege Weapons and Tactics Used in the Crusaders' Conquest of Jerusalem (ca. 1101), Raymond d'Aguiliers on the Crusaders Overcoming the Defensive Walls of Jerusalem (ca. 1105), Baldric of Dol on Pope Urban II's Speech Admonishing Western Knights to Unify in Defense of Eastern Christians (ca. 1107), Robert the Monk's Version of Pope Urban II's Speech on the Abuse of Christians in the Holy Land (ca. 1107), Guibert of Nogent on Pope Urban II's Speech on the Religious Significance of Jerusalem (ca. 1109), Ekkehard of Aurach on the Appearance of the First Crusaders, Economic Privileges and Inducements Offered to Crusaders by Pope Eugenius III (1145), Bernard of Clairvaux on the Second Crusade as a means of Salvation for Otherwise Sinful Knights (1146), Bernard of Clairvaux Warns Participants of the Second Crusade Not to Attack Jews (1146), Geoffrey of Clairvaux's Defense of Bernard of Clairvaux, Anna Comnena on the Bad Manners of the Crusaders (ca. 1148), Beha ed-Din on How the Crusaders' Thirst Led to Their Loss at the Battle of Hattin (1187), Beha ed-Din on Arab Custom and the Treatment of Prisoners after the Battle of Hattin (1187), Imad ad-Din on the Abuse of Christian Women after the Capture of Jerusalem (1187), Imad ad-Din on Christian Women as Combatants during the Third Crusade, Imad ad-Din on the Appearance of Frankish Women as Prostitutes, Usamah on Western or "Frankish" Medicine, Usamah's Positive Reflections on Christian and Muslim Piety, Economic Privileges and Inducements Offered to Crusaders by Pope Innocent III, Geoffrey de Villehardouin's Description of the Spoils of Constantinople (1204), Nicetas Choniates on the Crusaders' Plunder of the Treasures of Constantinople (1204), Nicetas Choniates on the Destruction of Ancient Art in the Latin Sack of Constantinople (1204), Jacques de Vitry on the Founding of the Templars, Jacques de Vitry on the Immoral Lifestyle and Customs of the Pullani, Burchard of Mount Sion on the Appearance, Hygiene, and Lifestyles of Muslims and Christians (ca. 1283), Ludolph of Suchem on Christian Disunity and the Muslim Conquest of Acre (1291), Ludolph of Suchem on the Fortifications of the City of Acre and Its Conquest (1291), Bibliography, Index,
,
Barrierefreier Inhalt: Compliant with Level AA of the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines. Content is displayed as HTML full text which can easily be resized or read with assistive technology, with mark-up that allows screen readers and keyboard-only users to navigate easily
Weitere Ausg.:
ISBN 9781440854637
Sprache:
Englisch
Schlagwort(e):
Encyclopedias
DOI:
10.5040/9798216993322
Bookmarklink
