In:
JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 79, No. 5 ( 2018-12-15), p. 624-630
Abstract:
Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) are a leading cause of mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. Triaging identifies patients at high risk of death, but laboratory tests proposed for use in severity-of-illness scores are not readily available, limiting their clinical use. Our objective was to determine whether baseline characteristics in hospitalized participants with LRTI predicted increased risk of death. Methods: This was a secondary analysis from the Mulago Inpatient Non-invasive Diagnosis-International HIV-associated Opportunistic Pneumonias (MIND-IHOP) cohort of adults hospitalized with LRTI who underwent standardized investigations and treatment. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality at 2 months. Predictors of mortality were determined using multiple logistic regression. Results: Of 1887 hospitalized participants with LRTI, 372 (19.7%) died. The median participant age was 34.3 years (interquartile range, 28.0–43.3 years), 978 (51.8%) were men, and 1192 (63.2%) were HIV-positive with median CD4 counts of 81 cells/µL (interquartile range, 21–226 cells/µL). Seven hundred eleven (37.7%) participants had a microbiologically confirmed diagnosis. Temperature 〈 35.5°C [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.77, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.20 to 2.60; P = 0.004], heart rate 〉 120/min (aOR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.37 to 2.43; P 〈 0.0001), oxygen saturation 〈 90% (aOR = 2.74, 95% CI: 1.97 to 3.81; P 〈 0.0001), being bed-bound (aOR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.47 to 2.41; P 〈 0.0001), and being HIV-positive (aOR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.14 to 1.94; P = 0.003) were independently associated with mortality at 2 months. Conclusions: Having temperature 〈 35.5°C, heart rate 〉 120/min, hypoxia, being HIV-positive, and bed-bound independently predicts mortality in participants hospitalized with LRTI. These readily available characteristics could be used to triage patients with LRTI in low-income settings. Providing adequate oxygen, adequate intravenous fluids, and early antiretroviral therapy (in people living with HIV/AIDS) may be life-saving in hospitalized patients with LRTI.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1525-4135
DOI:
10.1097/QAI.0000000000001855
Language:
English
Publisher:
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Publication Date:
2018
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2038673-4
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