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  • 1
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    Online Resource
    Psychiatric Comorbidity and Psychopathology of Methamphetamine Users—Are There Gender Differences?
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2023
    In:  International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction Vol. 21, No. 4 ( 2023-08), p. 2632-2649
    Details
    In: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 21, No. 4 ( 2023-08), p. 2632-2649
    Abstract: Methamphetamine use disorder is associated with severe psychiatric symptoms and psychosocial problems. Women seem to be more affected than men. Therefore, this study examined psychiatric comorbidities and psychopathology, drug use patterns, and treatment outcomes in women addicted to methamphetamine compared to men. Data on methamphetamine-dependent inpatients were collected in two centers specialized for addiction treatment at admission (T0) and discharge (T1, after treatment for 24 weeks). Sociodemographic and clinical measures were collected with the semi-structured clinical interview I at baseline; the self-reported standardized questionnaire (SCL-90-R) was administered at admission and discharge and after 24 weeks. During the entire treatment procedure, treatment relevant aspects were monitored. Out of all 108 treatment-seeking participants (86 men, 22 women), 64 completed the study (51 men, 13 women; drop-out rate: 40.7% ( n  = 44)). Methamphetamine-dependent women used other stimulants more often than men, while men used hallucinogens significantly more frequently than women. Female inpatients differed significantly from men in various sociodemographic variables (e.g., having children, single parenting) and were significantly more often affected by current ( p   〈  0.001) and lifetime mental stress disorders ( p   〈  0.001), as well as specific psychiatric disorders ( p   〈  0.001) (e.g., posttraumatic stress disorder). At discharge, mental symptoms decreased significantly in men but not in women. Both before and after treatment, women seem to be more vulnerable to psychiatric comorbidities and psychopathologic symptoms compared to men. Although this study only provides preliminary data on gender-specific characteristics of methamphetamine-dependent patients and their treatment, it seems appropriate to discuss the development of gender-specific treatment options. Further studies in this field are needed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1557-1874 , 1557-1882
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s11469-021-00743-4
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2235886-9
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  • 2
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    Online Resource
    Concomitant Heroin and Cocaine Use among Opioid-Dependent Patients during Methadone, Buprenorphine or Morphine Opioid Agonist Therapy
    S. Karger AG ; 2019
    In:  European Addiction Research Vol. 25, No. 4 ( 2019), p. 207-212
    Details
    In: European Addiction Research, S. Karger AG, Vol. 25, No. 4 ( 2019), p. 207-212
    Abstract: 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Background: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Among all the treatment methods developed so far, opioid agonist treatment (OAT) is the most effective therapy for opioid dependence. While methadone (MTD) is the most commonly used, fewer data are available on alternative opioid agonist. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of buprenorphine (BUP) and slow-released morphine compared to MTD with regard to the reduction of concomitant heroin and cocaine use. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Methods: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 This cross-sectional study included 105 patients receiving MTD, BUP, or slow-release morphine as opioid agonist therapy at the Psychiatric Hospital of Zurich. Illicit drug use was assessed using a retrospective 3-month hair toxicology analysis to quantify concentrations of heroin degradation products and metabolites, as well as cocaine and cocaine metabolites. We have also collected self-reports, but in the data of the study, only the results of the hair analysis were considered. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Results: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 BUP-treated patients showed lower rates of illicit opiate consumption in comparison to the group treated with MTD or slow-released morphine ( 〈 i 〉 p 〈 /i 〉 & #x3c; 0.05). The proportion of heroin-positive hair samples associated with slow-release morphine treatment was similar to the proportion associated with MTD treatment. Neither the MTD vs. slow-released morphine groups nor the BUP vs. MTD groups showed significant differences in the number of patients consuming cocaine although patients in the BUP group had significantly lower concentrations of cocaine in hair testing compared to the patients in the MTD group. Prevalence of cocaine consumption was also significantly lower in the BUP group compared to patients in the slow-release morphine group ( 〈 i 〉 p 〈 /i 〉 & #x3c; 0.05). 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Conclusion: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 This study suggests that BUP OAT is associated with reduced additional opiate co-use.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1022-6877 , 1421-9891
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000500542
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1482231-3
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    Dextromethorphan Abuse Among Opioid-Dependent Patients
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2020
    In:  Clinical Neuropharmacology Vol. 43, No. 5 ( 2020-9), p. 127-133
    Details
    In: Clinical Neuropharmacology, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 43, No. 5 ( 2020-9), p. 127-133
    Abstract: Among opioid-dependent patients on maintenance therapy, concomitant drug abuse is a serious problem. Dextromethorphan, an over-the-counter antitussive agent that can be purchased without prescription, is a drug with a high potential for misuse, especially when consumed in high doses. The objective of this study was to investigate possible abuse of dextromethorphan among substituted opioid-dependent patients and comparison of subjective and objective findings. Due to its ability to increase serotonin levels, opioid-dependent patients may be particularly susceptible to dextromethorphan misuse. Dextromethorphan misuse may have side effects, including psychiatric symptoms and serotonin syndrome, and may induce assault, suicide, or homicide. Methods A total of 104 opioid-dependent patients in maintenance treatment were included in this cross-sectional study conducted in the outpatient department of the Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich. Study participants were divided into 2 groups based on laboratory results: dextromethorphan abusers (n = 12) and nonabusers (n = 92). The objective use and concentrations of dextromethorphan was detected using 3-month hair toxicology analysis. Statistical analysis was performed by using χ 2 test, Student t test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Barnard exact test. Results Dextromethorphan was abused by 12 (11.5%) patients, 11 (91.7%) of whom did not report concomitant abuse of dextromethorphan but were identified through hair analysis. In general, there were significant differences among patients abusing dextromethorphan compared with nondextromethorphan consumers in terms of trauma due to sexual maltreatment/violence, multiple traumas, or harmful use of hallucinogenic drugs. Conclusions Further studies are necessary to examine dextromethorphan and its impact on patients with psychiatric comorbidities and psychiatric medication. According to literature, there is a significant drug interaction risk due to the impact of dextromethorphan misuse on serotonin syndrome and psychiatric symptoms.1–3 We recommend active inquiry into and testing for concomitant drug abuse among substituted opioid-dependent patients to reduce the risk of drug interactions and side effects in this especially vulnerable group of patients.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1537-162X , 0362-5664
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1097/WNF.0000000000000403
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2048796-4
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Guidelines for biological treatment of substance use and related disorders, part 1: Alcoholism, first revision
    Informa UK Limited ; 2017
    In:  The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry Vol. 18, No. 2 ( 2017-02-17), p. 86-119
    Details
    In: The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry, Informa UK Limited, Vol. 18, No. 2 ( 2017-02-17), p. 86-119
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1562-2975 , 1814-1412
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2016.1246752
    Language: English
    Publisher: Informa UK Limited
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2170223-8
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Image1.pdf
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Pharmacology Vol. 13 ( 2022-10-3)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Pharmacology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-10-3)
    Abstract: Compounds known to be successful in the treatment of alcohol use disorder include the aversive agent, Disulfiram, the glutamatergic NMDA receptor antagonist, Acamprosate, and the opioid receptor antagonists, Naltrexone and Nalmefene. Although all four are effective in maintaining abstinence or reduction of alcohol consumption, only a small percentage of patients receive pharmacological treatment. In addition, many other medications have been investigated for their therapeutic potential in the treatment of alcohol use disorder. In this review we summarize and compare Baclofen, Gabapentin, Topiramate, Ondansetron, Varenicline, Aripiprazole, Quetiapine, Clozapine, Antidepressants, Lithium, Neuropeptide Y, Neuropeptide S, Corticotropin-releasing factor antagonists, Oxytocin, PF-05190457, Memantine, Ifenprodil, Samidorphan, Ondelopran, ABT-436, SSR149415, Mifepristone, Ibudilast, Citicoline, Rimonabant, Surinabant, AM4113 and Gamma-hydroxybutyrate While some have shown promising results in the treatment of alcohol use disorder, others have disappointed and should be excluded from further investigation. Here we discuss the most promising results and highlight medications that deserve further preclinical or clinical study. Effective, patient-tailored treatment will require greater understanding provided by many more preclinical and clinical studies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1663-9812
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.927703
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.927703.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2587355-6
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    Craving mildern
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2019
    In:  DNP - Der Neurologe & Psychiater Vol. 20, No. 3 ( 2019-6), p. 42-47
    Details
    In: DNP - Der Neurologe & Psychiater, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 20, No. 3 ( 2019-6), p. 42-47
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1616-2455 , 2196-6427
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s15202-019-2204-x
    Language: German
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2127222-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3130206-3
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Treatment-refractory substance use disorder: Focus on alcohol, opioids, and cocaine
    Elsevier BV ; 2016
    In:  Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry Vol. 70 ( 2016-10), p. 148-161
    Details
    In: Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, Elsevier BV, Vol. 70 ( 2016-10), p. 148-161
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0278-5846
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2015.11.003
    RVK:
    VS 4000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008803-6
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Concomitant Drug Use among Opioid-Dependent Patients with and without Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Does Methylphenidate Merit a Trial?
    S. Karger AG ; 2023
    In:  European Addiction Research Vol. 29, No. 5 ( 2023), p. 305-312
    Details
    In: European Addiction Research, S. Karger AG, Vol. 29, No. 5 ( 2023), p. 305-312
    Abstract: 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Introduction: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Concomitant drug use is common among opioid-dependent patients in maintenance therapy. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a common comorbidity among opioid users, is associated with a higher risk of concomitant drug use. Earlier studies showed that methylphenidate (MPH) can reduce cocaine consumption among patients with ADHD. The use of MPH as an agonist-replacement or maintenance therapy in cocaine-dependent patients without ADHD is also common in Switzerland, despite a lack of supporting evidence. The aim of this study was to assess concomitant cocaine, amphetamine, MDMA, MPH, and heroin use among patients in opioid maintenance therapy either with or without comorbid ADHD. We expected stimulant consumption to be higher in patients with cocaine dependence and comorbid ADHD and that use of MPH would not lead to a reduction in cocaine consumption in patients without ADHD. We therefore evaluated correlations between use of MPH and cocaine consumption and between MPH consumption and cocaine craving within the two groups. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Methods: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 This cross-sectional study included 94 opioid-dependent patients in maintenance therapy in an outpatient department of the Psychiatric Hospital of Zurich. The patients were divided into two groups based on comorbid ADHD; a group with ADHD ( 〈 i 〉 N 〈 /i 〉 = 27) and a group without ADHD ( 〈 i 〉 N 〈 /i 〉 = 67). Drug use was assessed using 3-month hair analysis. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Results: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 We did not find significant differences in the number of patients using cocaine, amphetamine, MDMA, or heroin between groups with or without ADHD. With respect to cocaine use, 85.2 percent of patients in the ADHD group and 73.1 percent in the non-ADHD group were users. The non-ADHD group showed a significant positive correlation between the concentration of MPH and cocaine in hair samples ( 〈 i 〉 p 〈 /i 〉 & lt; 0.05), and a positive correlation between cocaine craving and the concentration of MPH in hair samples ( 〈 i 〉 p 〈 /i 〉 = 0.065). These two trends were not evident in the ADHD group. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Conclusion: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Among patients without ADHD, use of MPH correlates with higher cocaine consumption and craving. Conversely, no significant correlation was found between MPH and cocaine use in patients with ADHD. Our study adds to the evidence that MPH confers negative effects in cocaine users without ADHD and should thus have no place in the treatment of these patients.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1022-6877 , 1421-9891
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000531008
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1482231-3
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