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  • American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)  (10)
  • Sweet, Joan  (10)
  • 1
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 34, No. 2_suppl ( 2016-01-10), p. 475-475
    Abstract: 475 Background: Surveillance is recommended for patients with stage I seminoma post orchidectomy but CT imaging involves ionising radiation, with risk of associated secondary malignancies. We assessed site of disease relapse during surveillance to guide development of a risk adapted imaging protocol. Methods: Data was obtained from a prospectively maintained database of patients with stage I seminoma on surveillance after orchidectomy from 1981-2011. Relapse was determined by clinical and/or radiographic finding with or without pathological confirmation or tumour marker elevation. Results: 753 patients were identified. The median age at orchidectomy was 33.7 years. With a median follow up of 10.5 years, range 1.1-30.1, 115 (15.3%) patients relapsed. Relapse was detected radiologically in 114 (99.1%), with 9 (7.8%) having simultaneously elevated tumour markers. A clinical diagnosis of relapse was made in 1 case (inguinal node – 0.9%). The location and time to relapse are shown in table. Conclusions: In stage I seminoma surveillance, pelvic nodal relapse was restricted to the early period of follow up. Excluding the pelvis during CT imaging after the third year of surveillance may optimise the detection of relapse whilst minimising total radiation exposure. This has now been adopted at our centre since 2011 without any subsequent late pelvic relapses. [Table: see text]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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  • 2
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 34, No. 2_suppl ( 2016-01-10), p. 493-493
    Abstract: 493 Background: Genomic signatures may compliment pathological features in identifying appropriate patients who may benefit from adjuvant therapy in Stage I (SI) TGCT. This study aimed to identify a gene expression pattern to differentiate between relapsed (R) and non-relapsed (NR) SI TGCT. Methods: Patients with SI non-seminoma (NS) and seminoma (S) were identified from an institutional database from 2000 to 2012. All patients were managed with active surveillance. NR-NS and NR-S patients were defined as having no evidence of relapse after 2 and 3 years of surveillance respectively. Following pathology review, RNA extraction and gene expression analysis was performed on archived paraffin embedded tumor and normal testicular tissue using Illumina Whole Genome DASL Human HT-12 V4 BeadChip. Hierarchical clustering analysis, ANOVA and t-tests were used to evaluate candidate genes and expression patterns that could differentiate NR and R samples. Results: 57 patients (12 R-NS, 15 R-S, 15 NR-NS, 15 NR-S) were identified with median relapse time of 5.6 (2.5-18.1) and 19.3 (4.7-65.3) months in NS and S cohorts respectively. 3 additional normal testis samples were included. Poor prognostic factors were more frequent in R versus NR cases (NS: vascular invasion [5/12 vs 0/15]; S: median size [4cm vs 2.8cm] ). Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of 22822 probes randomly separated S from NS, indicating no batch effect. One-way ANOVA revealed 4525 significantly varying probes (p 〈 0.05) however, no statistically significant gene expression profile differentiated the 4 cohorts. A discriminative gene expression profile between R and NR cases was discovered when combining NS and S samples using 10 (p = 0.03) and 30 (p = 0.03) probe signatures with a 10 fold cross-validation. However, this profile was not observed in the S and NS cohorts individually. Conclusions: A discriminating signature for R and NR was identified for SI testis tumors, but not separately for NS and S. Biological relevance of these signatures is to be determined. Further studies are required to corroborate this profile in NS and S. If validated, these expression patterns could help identify patients beyond standard pathological risk algorithms for optimal management.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2016
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  • 3
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 37, No. 7_suppl ( 2019-03-01), p. 60-60
    Abstract: 60 Background: Pre-operative radiotherapy (PreORT) improves local control in various cancer types, and has become an established oncologic treatment strategy. During 2001-2004, we conducted a phase I pilot study assessing the role of short-course PreORT for men with unfavourable intermediate- and high-risk localized prostate cancer (PCa). We present long-term follow-up toxicity and oncologic outcomes. Methods: Eligible patients had histologically proven PCa, cT1-T2N0M0, PSA 〉 15-35 ng/ml with any Gleason score, or PSA 10-15 ng/ml with Gleason score ≥7. Patients received 25 Gy in five consecutive daily fractions to the prostate, followed by radical prostatectomy (RadP) within 14 days after RT completion. Primary outcomes were intra-operative morbidity, and late genitourinary (GU) and gastrointestinal (GI) toxicities. Acute toxicity was assessed during radiotherapy treatment on daily basis using RTOG grade scoring scale. Patients were assessed post-RadP clinically and with PSA at 1 and 6 months, and every 6 months. Intra- and Post-RadP toxicity was documented prospectively and scored as per Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v4.0. Biochemical failure (BF) was determined based on two consecutive post-RadP PSA 〉 0.2 ng/ml. Results: Fifteen patients were enrolled; 14 patients completed PreORT followed by RadP, which also included bilateral lymph node dissections in 13 cases. Median follow-up was 12.2 years (range 6.7-16.3 years). Late GU toxicity was common, with 2 patients (14.3%) experiencing G2 toxicity, and 6 patients (42.8%) G3 toxicity. There were no G4-5 late GU toxicity. Late GI toxicity was infrequent, with only 1 patient (7.1%) experiencing transient G2 proctitis. At last follow-up, 8 (57.1%) and 6 (42.8%) patients experienced BF and metastatic disease recurrence, respectively. Conclusions: The use of PreORT in men with high-risk PCa is associated with unexpected high-rates of late GU toxicity. Future studies examining the role of RT pre-RadP must cautiously select RT technique and dose schedule. Importantly, long-term follow-up data is essential to fully determine the therapeutic index of PreORT in the management of localized PCa. Clinical trial information: NCT00252447.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 4
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 37, No. 22 ( 2019-08-01), p. 1919-1926
    Abstract: Active surveillance (AS) for testicular nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT) is widely used. Although there is no consensus for optimal treatment at relapse on surveillance, globally patients typically receive chemotherapy. We describe treatment of relapses in our non–risk-adapted NSGCT AS cohort and highlight selective use of primary retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND). METHODS From December 1980 to December 2015, 580 patients with clinical stage I NSGCT were treated with AS, and 162 subsequently relapsed. First-line treatment was based on relapse site and extent. Logistic regression was used to explore factors associated with need for multimodal therapy on AS relapse. RESULTS Median time to relapse was 7.4 months. The majority of relapses were confined to the retroperitoneum (66%). After relapse, first-line treatment was chemotherapy for 95 (58.6%) and RPLND for 62 (38.3%), and five patients (3.1%) underwent other therapy. In 103 (65.6%), only one modality of treatment was required: chemotherapy only in 58 of 95 (61%) and RPLND only in 45 of 62 (73%). Factors associated with multimodal relapse therapy were larger node size (odds ratio, 2.68; P = .045) in patients undergoing chemotherapy and elevated tumor markers (odds ratio, 6.05; P = .008) in patients undergoing RPLND. When RPLND was performed with normal markers, 82% required no further treatment. Second relapse occurred in 30 of 162 patients (18.5%). With median follow-up of 7.6 years, there were five deaths (3.1% of AS relapses, but 0.8% of whole AS cohort) from NSGCT or treatment complications. CONCLUSION The retroperitoneum is the most common site of relapse in clinical stage I NSGCT on AS. Most are cured by single-modality treatment. RPLND should be considered for relapsed patients, especially those with disease limited to the retroperitoneum and normal markers, as an option to avoid chemotherapy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
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    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) ; 2019
    In:  Journal of Clinical Oncology Vol. 37, No. 7_suppl ( 2019-03-01), p. 523-523
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 37, No. 7_suppl ( 2019-03-01), p. 523-523
    Abstract: 523 Background: Bilateral testicular germ cell tumours (BTC) form a small minority of testicular cancer and detailed management data are sparse. Methods: Bilateral testicular cancer (BTC) patients managed at a single cancer centre were retrospectively analyzed. Synchronous BTC was defined as uni+contralateral presentation within 3 months. Patient characteristics, treatment and outcomes were collected. Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS). Results: Between Jan 1971 to Jun 2018, 118 pts were included. Nine patients (7.6%) had cryptorchidism. Twenty-two patients (18.6%) had synchronous BTC at median age of 30(21-54) years, 11 presented with concordant histology (10-seminoma). Median follow-up time was 96(1-220) months. Two of 14 patients (14%) with stage I disease on surveillance had retroperitoneal nodal recurrence, other 3 (21%) had testicular recurrence after partial orchiectomy alone. No recurrence occurred for 8 stage II/III patients (36%) who received stage-appropriate treatment. All patients were alive without disease at last follow-up. For metachronous BTC, the median age was 27(16-68) and 37(19-78) years for first and second diagnosis, respectively. The median time interval was 88 (8-352) months, with shorter interval when second primary was non-seminoma, median 69 vs. 92 months. Concordant histology was present in 58 (38-seminoma) patients and discordant in 38 patients. There were 66, 23, 7 and 84, 9, 3 patients with stage I, II, III disease for first and second testicular cancer (TC), respectively. For all stage I disease, 69% of non-seminoma (n = 33) and 79% of seminoma (n = 81) were on surveillance, of whom the crude relapse rate was 15%. The median follow-up time after second diagnosis was 87 months. In all, 35 patients (30%) with recurrence except 1 were successfully salvaged. The 10-year OS and RFS for whole cohort was 99% and 69.8%, respectively. Conclusions: In our series, seminoma was the more common pathology, and management based on pathology and stage yielded excellent outcomes regardless of prior therapy. Metachronous BTC may occur at extremely long time intervals such that longer follow-up is needed to capture the majority of contralateral primary TC.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) ; 2015
    In:  Journal of Clinical Oncology Vol. 33, No. 15_suppl ( 2015-05-20), p. 4537-4537
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 33, No. 15_suppl ( 2015-05-20), p. 4537-4537
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2015
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  • 7
    In: JCO Clinical Cancer Informatics, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), , No. 2 ( 2018-12), p. 1-12
    Abstract: After chemotherapy, approximately 50% of patients with metastatic testicular germ cell tumors (GCTs) who undergo retroperitoneal lymph node dissections (RPNLDs) for residual masses have fibrosis. Radiomics uses image processing techniques to extract quantitative textures/features from regions of interest (ROIs) to train a classifier that predicts outcomes. We hypothesized that radiomics would identify patients with a high likelihood of fibrosis who may avoid RPLND. Patients and Methods Patients with GCT who had an RPLND for nodal masses 〉 1 cm after first-line platinum chemotherapy were included. Preoperative contrast-enhanced axial computed tomography images of retroperitoneal ROIs were manually contoured. Radiomics features (n = 153) were used to train a radial basis function support vector machine classifier to discriminate between viable GCT/mature teratoma versus fibrosis. A nested 10-fold cross-validation protocol was used to determine classifier accuracy. Clinical variables/restricted size criteria were used to optimize the classifier. Results Seventy-seven patients with 102 ROIs were analyzed (GCT, 21; teratoma, 41; fibrosis, 40). The discriminative accuracy of radiomics to identify GCT/teratoma versus fibrosis was 72 ± 2.2% (area under the curve [AUC], 0.74 ± 0.028); sensitivity was 56.2 ± 15.0%, and specificity was 81.9 ± 9.0% ( P = .001). No major predictive differences were identified when data were restricted by varying maximal axial diameters (AUC range, 0.58 ± 0.05 to 0.74 ± 0.03). The prediction algorithm using clinical variables alone identified an AUC of 0.76. When these variables were added to the radiomics signature, the best performing classifier was identified when axial masses were limited to diameter 〈 2 cm (accuracy, 88.2 ± 4.4; AUC, 0.80 ± 0.05; P = .02). Conclusion A predictive radiomics algorithm had a discriminative accuracy of 72% that improved to 88% when combined with clinical predictors. Additional independent validation is required to assess whether radiomics allows patients with a high predicted likelihood of fibrosis to avoid RPLND.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2473-4276
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2018
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  • 8
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 36, No. 6_suppl ( 2018-02-20), p. 546-546
    Abstract: 546 Background: Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) is recommended for residual masses 〉 1cm post-chemotherapy (pc) for nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT). There is no reliable predictor for pcRPLND histology and up to 50% will harbour necrosis/fibrosis only, thus rendering a potentially morbid surgery to be of limited therapeutic value. Objective: To evaluate the ability of defined serum microRNA (miRNA) using the ampTSmiR test to predict residual viable NSGCT after chemotherapy. Methods: Serum miRNA levels (miR-371a-3p, miR-373-3p and miR-367-3p) were measured in 82 patients (cohort A = 39, cohort B = 43) treated with orchiectomy, chemotherapy and pcRPLND to predict viable GCT post-chemotherapy. Outcomes, measurements and statistical analysis: miRNA levels were compared to clinical characteristics, serum tumor markers and correlated with presence of viable GCT (vs. teratoma; vs. necrosis/fibrosis). miRNA-discriminative capacity was determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results: Serum miRNA were associated with stage at the time of chemotherapy and declined significantly post-chemotherapy. Patients with fibrosis/necrosis and teratoma had a significant decline in all three miRNA levels after chemotherapy, while those with viable disease had very little change. Patients with necrosis/fibrosis demonstrated similar miRNA levels as patients with residual teratoma. miR-371a-3p demonstrated the highest discriminative capacity [area under the curve (AUC) 0.874, CI 95% 0.774 - 0.974 p 〈 0.0001] for viable disease post chemotherapy. If considering a more relaxed cut-point of 3cm before consideration of pcRPLND, miR-371a-3p correctly stratified all patients with residual retroperitoneal lesions ≤ 3 cm ( p= 0.02; 100% sensitivity). Conclusions: Our study is the first to explore a miRNA-based serum test to determine histology in post-chemotherapy residual masses and we demonstrated the value of miR-371a-3p to predict presence of viable GCT. Prospective studies are required to confirm its clinical utility.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2018
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  • 9
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 33, No. 7_suppl ( 2015-03-01), p. 377-377
    Abstract: 377 Background: Active surveillance (AS) is universally accepted for clinical stage (CS) IA and favoured by most centers for CSIB. Patients progressing on AS are typically treated with chemotherapy, but there is no consensus. We describe patterns and mode of detection of progression and treatment of progression in our NSGCT AS cohort. Methods: From Dec 1980 to Aug 2011, 466 CSI NSGCT patients were managed with AS and 133 (28%) had disease progression while on AS. Treatment upon progression was physician choice but based on site of progression (e.g. retroperitoneum vs. extra-retroperitoneal), size or multifocality, and markers (S0 or stable, low level S1 vs. ≥ S1). Mode of detection of progression, characteristics at progression and primary treatment of progression (chemotherapy vs. retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy (RPLND)) were explored. Multivariate logistic regression was used to explore factors associated with receipt of more than one therapy in treatment of progression after surveillance. Results: Median time to progression was 7.3 months and detected by routine imaging (47%), routine serum tumour markers (37%), or both (12%). Progression most frequently occurred in the retroperitoneum (67%). Following progression, first-line treatment was chemotherapy for 71 (53%), RPLND for 51 (38%) and 11 (8.3%) underwent other therapy. In 59%, only one modality of treatment was required: chemotherapy only in 42/71 (59%); RPLND only in 36/51 (71%). For those treated with chemotherapy, pure embryonal carcinoma in the orchiectomy pathology (OR 0.11; p=0.05) was inversely associated with requiring further therapy. For those treated with RPLND, elevated markers pre-RPLND (OR 7.31; p=0.01) was associated with requiring further therapy. Overall, a second relapse occurred in 25/133 (19%) patients. With a median follow-up of 8.2 years, there were 5 deaths from testis cancer (3.8% of AS progressors; only 1.1% of overall AS cohort). Conclusions: The majority of patients progressing on surveillance do so in the retroperitoneum and within the first year. Of those that progress, most will achieve complete response with single modality treatment. In particular, RPLND can be utilized as monotherapy in select cases.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2015
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  • 10
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 35, No. 15_suppl ( 2017-05-20), p. 4559-4559
    Abstract: 4559 Background: After chemotherapy, 〉 50% of patients (pts) with metastatic testicular GCT who undergo retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPNLD) for residual masses are found to have fibrosis (F) alone on pathological examination. To minimize overtreatment, better prediction algorithms are needed to identify pts with F who can avoid RPLND. Radiomics uses image processing techniques to extract quantitative textures/features from tumor regions of interest (ROI) to train a classifier that predicts pathological findings. We hypothesized that radiomics may identify pts with a high predicted likelihood of F who may avoid RPLND. Methods: Pts with GCT who had an RPLND for nodal masses 〉 1cm after first line platinum chemotherapy were included. Preoperative contrast enhanced axial CT images of retroperitoneal ROI were manually contoured. 153 radiomics features trained a radial basis function support vector machine classifier to discriminate between viable GCT /Mature Teratoma (T) vs F. Nested ten-fold cross-validation protocol was employed to determine classifier accuracy. Clinical variables and restricted size criteria were used to optimize the classifier. Results: A total of 82 pts with 102 ROI were analyzed (GCT: 21; T: 41; F: 40). The discriminative accuracy of radiomics to identify GCT/T vs F was 72%(±2.2)(AUC: 0.74 (±0.028); positive predictive value: 67% (48-92%); negative predictive value: 74% (62-84%)(p = 0.001)). No major predictive differences were identified when data was restricted by varying maximal axial diameters (AUC range: 0.58(±0.05) - 0.74(±0.03)). Prediction algorithm using clinical variables alone identified an AUC of 0.71 (±0.15). When these variables were added to the radiomic signature, the best performing classifier was identified when axial tumors were limited to diameter 〈 2cm (accuracy: 88.2 (±4.4); AUC: 0.80 (±0.05)(p = 0.02)). Conclusions: A predictive radiomics algorithm had an overall discriminative accuracy of 72% that improved to 88% when combined with clinical details. Further independent validation is required to assess whether radiomics, in conjunction with standard clinical predictors, may allow pts with a high predicted likelihood of F to avoid RPLND.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2017
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