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  • Acoustical Society of America (ASA)  (11)
  • 1965-1969  (11)
  • Comparative Studies. Non-European Languages/Literatures  (11)
Type of Medium
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  • Acoustical Society of America (ASA)  (11)
Person/Organisation
Language
Years
  • 1965-1969  (11)
Year
FID
Subjects(RVK)
  • Comparative Studies. Non-European Languages/Literatures  (11)
RVK
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cavitation Detection: The Use of the Subharmonics
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 1967
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 42, No. 2 ( 1967-08-01), p. 514-516
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 42, No. 2 ( 1967-08-01), p. 514-516
    Abstract: Ultrasonic cavitation in liquids gives rise to a sound oscillating field at a frequency one-half of the ultrasound-driving frequency. The appearance of such a subharmonic may be used to detect the cavitation. The authors investigate experimentally such a possibility.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.1910611
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 1967
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dimensional Analysis of Vowel Spectra
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 1967
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 41, No. 3 ( 1967-03-01), p. 707-712
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 41, No. 3 ( 1967-03-01), p. 707-712
    Abstract: Traditionally, the formant frequencies are regarded as the most important characteristics of the frequency spectra of vowels. It is possible, however, to approach the differences between vowel spectra in a more general way by means of a dimensional analysis. For a particular vowel, the sound-pressure levels in each of a number of frequency passbands can be considered as coordinates of a point in a multidimensional Euclidean space. Different vowel spectra will result in different points. Frequency spectra of 15 Dutch vowels were determined with 18 bandpass filters (10 speakers). The analysis indicated that the “cloud” of 150 points can be described by four independent dimensions that are linear combinations of the original 18. The percentage of total variance “explained” by these dimensions were 37.2%, 31.2%, 9.0%, and 6.7%, respectively. This approach presents interesting perspectives for the development of vowel-discrimination equipment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.1910398
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 1967
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Torque on a Finite Disk Executing Damped Harmonic Oscillations in a Viscous Fluid Near a Rigid Boundary
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 1967
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 41, No. 6_Supplement ( 1967-01-01), p. 1605-1605
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 41, No. 6_Supplement ( 1967-01-01), p. 1605-1605
    Abstract: Expressions are derived for the torque exerted on a finite cylindrical disk that executes torsional oscillations about its cylindrical axis while immersed in a viscous fluid parallel to a rigid plane boundary. The relations for the total torque of the fluid on the oscillating disk are given in terms of the period and decrement of the disk's oscillation for small, large, and intermediate separation distances between the disk and the rigid plane boundary. Theoretical relations for the torque of the fluid on the disk are found, assuming that the disk oscillates slowly and that the force per unit area on the plane and cylindrical surfaces of the disk is equal to that for an infinite disk and cylinder, respectively. An empirical correction is used to account for the torque which is due to the effects of the sharp corners of the disk. The effects of the bounding plane on the reactive and dissipative components of the torque are given in terms of the depth of penetration of a decaying transverse wave propagated into the fluid.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.2143695
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 1967
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Masking and Discrimination
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 1966
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 39, No. 4 ( 1966-04-01), p. 708-715
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 39, No. 4 ( 1966-04-01), p. 708-715
    Abstract: With the same experimental technique, two sets of related experiments have been performed. In one, a band of random noise is used to mask a pure tone. In the other experiment, the intensity difference limen for the band of noise has been determined. Thresholds for masking and discrimination were obtained with help of a Békésy audiometer. A large range of bandwidths (5–12 000 cps) and five central frequencies (500, 1000, 2000, 4000, and 8000 cps) have been employed. Both sets of data agree qualitatively with data appearing in the literature. From the discrimination data, it appears that, for small bandwidths, inherent intensity fluctuations of bands of noise determine the maximum intensity discrimination. These fluctuations should influence the masking situation to the same degree. The similarity of masking and discrimination thresholds in the region of small bandwidth lends support to this prediction. Thus, it is argued why masking data should not be judged in terms of a fixed standard (as Fletcher has done) in order to arrive at values for the critical bandwidth. If one judges masking data in terms of the discriminatory power that the ear exhibits for the masking noise employed, one arrives at critical-bandwidth data much more in line with generally accepted data. The accuracy with which these can be determined is so poor that one should consider masking experiments of this kind as totally unsuited to measure the critical bandwidth.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.1909945
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 1966
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Intensity Discrimination of Fluctuating Signals
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 1966
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 40, No. 3 ( 1966-09-01), p. 552-560
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 40, No. 3 ( 1966-09-01), p. 552-560
    Abstract: In this paper, the theoretical aspects of the fluctuations inherent in random noise are discussed, insofar as these influence detection of random signals. Brief elucidations of the fundamentals of statistical detection theory and of sampling theory are given. The model developed for the detection process closely follows a proposal by Green, but with the major exception that a kind of internal noise is supposed to be involved in the process. The auditory mechanism is assumed to measure the average intensity of the signal presented over a certain time T. In doing so, the evaluation is hampered by random activity so that the measurement is carried out less accurately than possible. The detection finally involves a likelihood-ratio decision procedure. The theory explains experimental thresholds of random-noise signals very well. Agreement with data on thresholds of very short noise bursts is less convincing. Finally, the theory explains very elegantly why experimental psychometric functions for wide-band signals have the same slope as those for narrow-band signals. Instances in which higher slopes are reported for experimental psychometric functions for wide-band signals can most likely be traced down to having involved experimental procedures that leave too much uncertainty in the listener's observations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.1910118
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 1966
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Some Relations between Articulator Movement and Motor Control in Consonant-Vowel-Consonant Monosyllables
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 1966
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 40, No. 5_Supplement ( 1966-11-01), p. 1272-1272
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 40, No. 5_Supplement ( 1966-11-01), p. 1272-1272
    Abstract: Inferences are often made from cinefluorographic records and from electromyographic records of speech about the underlying mechanisms of articulatory control. Inferences from cinéfluorograms have the disadvantage that one cannot always distinguish between the contribution to articulator position of direct motor control and mechanical properties of the articulators (e.g., their inertia). Inferences from myographic records have the disadvantage that one cannot always tell what muscles are being activated and what movements are occurring. Consideration of both cinéfluorograms and electromyograms from the same subject avoids, to some extent, these disadvantages. This paper reports a study of both indices recorded from the same subject (on different occasions) during the production of 36 CVC monosyllables formed by every combination of initial and final consonants /b/, /d/, and /g/ and the syllable nuclei /i/, /u/, /æ/, and /ɔ/. Some illustrations of typical relations between muscle contraction and movement are given. Particular attention is given to context effects on articulator position and their relation to preceding and following articulator positions. Possible principles underlying these effects are discussed. [Investigation supported in part by the National Institute of Dental Research, National Institutes of Health, U. S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, and by the U. S. Army Electronics Command.]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.2143464
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 1966
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cinefluorographic Study of Speaking Rate
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 1969
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 45, No. 1_Supplement ( 1969-01-01), p. 308-308
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 45, No. 1_Supplement ( 1969-01-01), p. 308-308
    Abstract: This study compares the production, at two speaking rates, of 36 consonant vowel-consonant sequences formed by every possible combination of initial and final consonants /b/, /d/, and /g/, and the syllable nuclei /i/, /u/, /æ/, and /ɔ/. Cinefluorograms and sonograms were obtained while one subject spoke the inventory under two conditions. (1) Citation form: The subject read a randomized list of CVC utterances at a normal rate. (2) Fast rate: The subject read the utterances as quickly as was practicable, in subsets of three, embedded in the carried phrase; /se∂ CVC∂se∂ CVC∂se∂ CVC∂se/. At the faster rate, the duration of the CVC components was approximately 40% of that of the citation forms. Comparisons were made between: (1) amounts of coarticulation of adjacent phoneme representations at the two speaking rates; (2) patterns and speeds of articulator movement at the two rates; (3) responses of different articulators to the increase in rate. From these results, an attempt was made to indicate some properties of the mechanism of control of speaking rate.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.1971444
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 1969
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Distribution Theory in Vocal Tract Analysis
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 1967
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 42, No. 5_Supplement ( 1967-11-01), p. 1192-1192
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 42, No. 5_Supplement ( 1967-11-01), p. 1192-1192
    Abstract: Solution of Webster's horn equation is accomplished in a discrete manner by means of distribution on theory. In the process of applying distribution theory exact solutions result. In the past, numerical integration was utilized. Given output formant frequencies, area functions can be calculated, or conversely, formant frequencies can be calculated from vocal tract area data. The results can be converted to an analog, which describes the behavior of the vocal tract. By quantizing the vocal tract an exact solution to Webster's horn equation results, whose reciprocals turn out to be transfer functions of transmission line theory under certain boundary conditions. Radiation impedance has been absorbed in the quantized vocal tract sections. Actual area functions of the vocal tract are determined by midsagittal cinefluorographic tracings and dental casts of the mouth. Acoustic data are synchronized with the cinefluorographic data by means of a digital code that provides registration between articulatory events and formant tracks. Determining vocal tract analogs by physiological data is more desirable than using formant information alone since consonants as well as vowels can be included in the analog. In addition, by referring to data that change every 8.33 msec a better insight is gained concerning articulatory movement. This technique is more realistic since it uses dynamic data which more nearly typifies the transient characteristics of speech than the usual steady-state analysis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.2144122
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 1967
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Influence of Diffusivity on the Transmission Loss of a Single-Leaf Wall
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 1968
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 44, No. 1_Supplement ( 1968-07-01), p. 359-359
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 44, No. 1_Supplement ( 1968-07-01), p. 359-359
    Abstract: Sound transmission loss tests on single-leaf walls have shown deviations from theoretically predicted values calculated for a random-incidence sound field acting on an infinitely large wall. Better agreement was obtained with the introduction of an upper bound for the integration with respect to the angle of incidence in order to obtain an average value for the transmission loss. Nevertheless, minor deviations persist, especially in the vicinity of the coincidence frequencies. In the present paper, the influence of diffusivity has been investigated by means of a random vibration method. The representation of the exciting pressure is given by the cross-correlation function in time and space. For a true random-incidence field, the function is given by φρr(r,ω) = sin(kr)/kr, where k is the wavenumber and r the distance between the points under consideration. This has been generalized to fit the wide range of correlation relations met in practice. Computations show that relatively large deviations from the random-incidence condition effect an upward shift of the transmission loss curve, but make only minor changes in its shape.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.1970285
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 1968
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ray Theory of the General Epstein Profile
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 1968
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 44, No. 3 ( 1968-09-01), p. 765-786
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 44, No. 3 ( 1968-09-01), p. 765-786
    Abstract: This paper presents the detailed mathematical properties and the ray-theory ranges, intensities, and travel times of the five-parameter Epstein profile with the parameters assuming all values capable of producing real velocities. Although examples represent the underwater-sound situation, results apply to any ray theory. The wealth of profile forms produces special cases requiring intricate analysis, but leads to more complete understanding of field theory. Analyses of rays that become horizontal at velocity extrema show little dependence on profile symmetry for the case of a velocity maximum, but a marked dependence for the case of a velocity minimum. This last is a point of significance apparently neglected in the literature covering ray-theory channels. Very steep, channeled rays, which become horizontal at very high (infinite) velocities, are shown to have a loop range πC(dZ/dC), where the velocity-slope product is evaluated as a limit at the infinite velocity. This expression, valid for profiles other than the Epstein profile, was suggested by examination of the hyperbolic cosine profile, which is a degenerate case of the Epstein profile.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.1911174
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 1968
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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