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  • AIP Publishing  (8)
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  • AIP Publishing  (8)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Enhancing the thermionic electron emission performance of hafnium with nanocluster doping
    AIP Publishing ; 2022
    In:  Applied Physics Letters Vol. 121, No. 6 ( 2022-08-08)
    Details
    In: Applied Physics Letters, AIP Publishing, Vol. 121, No. 6 ( 2022-08-08)
    Abstract: Scandate cathode as a thermionic electron emission material has attracted broad interest owing to its high electron emission capability. Despite the large number of studies on the electron emission of the scandate tungsten cathode, there is a lack of understanding of the performance of scandium oxide incorporated in other refractory metal matrix. In this work, by applying first-principles calculations, we study the role that Sc2O3 nanocluster plays in enhancing the electron emission of the Hf cathode (labeled as Sc2O3@Hf). We find that Sc2O3@Hf is both thermally and mechanically stable, exhibits complex surface structures, and possesses inverse relationship between surface energy and work function. Moreover, the work function of the Hf (0001) surface can be reduced to 3.50 eV due to the change in the vacuum level when Sc2O3 nanocluster is doped, while the work function of the Hf (101¯2) surface can be reduced to 3.39, 3.39, and 3.03 eV when doped with Sc2O3, Y2O3, and CeO2 clusters, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-6951 , 1077-3118
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/5.0106790
    RVK:
    UA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 211245-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1469436-0
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Hydrogen storage in carbon nitride nanobells
    AIP Publishing ; 2001
    In:  Applied Physics Letters Vol. 79, No. 10 ( 2001-09-03), p. 1552-1554
    Details
    In: Applied Physics Letters, AIP Publishing, Vol. 79, No. 10 ( 2001-09-03), p. 1552-1554
    Abstract: Aligned carbon nitride (C–N) nanobells in polymer form, prepared by microwave plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition, were used as hydrogen adsorbent. A hydrogen storage capacity up to 8 wt % was achieved reproducibly under ambient pressure and at temperature of 300 °C. The high hydrogen storage capacity under the moderate conditions was mainly derived from the short nanobell structure with openended graphitic layers, as well as the nitrogen in the nanobells, which acts as an active site for hydrogen adsorption. The high hydrogen uptake and the simple adsorption–desorption process suggest that a C–N nanobell is promising as a hydrogen storage material.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-6951 , 1077-3118
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.1402958
    RVK:
    UA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2001
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 211245-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1469436-0
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Current characteristic signals of aqueous solution transferring through microfluidic channel under non-continuous DC electric field
    AIP Publishing ; 2014
    In:  AIP Advances Vol. 4, No. 10 ( 2014-10-01)
    Details
    In: AIP Advances, AIP Publishing, Vol. 4, No. 10 ( 2014-10-01)
    Abstract: The surface effect is becoming apparently significant as the miniaturization of fluidic devices. In the micro/nanochannel fluidics, the electrode surface effects have the same important influence on the current signals as the channel surface effects. In this paper, when aqueous solution are driven with non-continuous DC electric field force, the characteristics of current signals of the fluid transferring through microfluidic channel are systematically studied. Six modes of current signal are summarized, and some new significant phenomena are found, e.g. there exists a critical voltage at which the steady current value equals to zero; the absolute value of the steady current decreases at first, however, it increases with the external voltage greater than the critical voltage as the electrode area ratio of cathode and anode is 10 and 20; the critical voltage increases with the enhancing of electrode area ratio of cathode and anode and solution pH, while it decreases with the raising of ion concentration. Finally, the microscopic mechanism of the electrode surface charge effects is discussed preliminarily. The rules will be helpful for detecting and manipulating single biomolecules in the micro/nanofluidic chips and biosensors.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2158-3226
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.4901089
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2583909-3
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Large reversible magnetocaloric effect in high-entropy MnFeCoNiGeSi system with low-hysteresis magnetostructural transformation
    AIP Publishing ; 2022
    In:  APL Materials Vol. 10, No. 9 ( 2022-09-01)
    Details
    In: APL Materials, AIP Publishing, Vol. 10, No. 9 ( 2022-09-01)
    Abstract: High-entropy alloys have attracted tremendous research interest in recent years because of their special functional properties. However, the investigations on the high-entropy alloys with thermal- and magnetic-field-induced magnetostructural transformation are still lacking. In this work, we provide a basic strategy to design a six-component MnFeCoNiGeSi high-entropy system, exhibiting low-hysteresis magnetostructural transformation between ferromagnetic orthorhombic and paramagnetic hexagonal phases. An increase in the configurational entropy is helpful to make the alloy crystallize in the single hexagonal structure, which can almost completely transform into the orthorhombic structure during cooling. The thermal hysteresis in our high-entropy alloy is as low as about 4.3 K. This advantage guarantees reversible magnetic-field-induced magnetostructural transformation and is accompanying a large magnetocaloric effect. A reversible entropy change of −13.67 J K−1 kg−1 is realized under a magnetic field variation of 0–5 T. The obtained room-temperature magnetocaloric performance is comparable to that of some rare-earth-based high-entropy alloys and conventional first-order magnetocaloric materials. Moreover, the geometric nonlinear theory of martensitic transformation is adopted to explain the origin of low hysteresis in our high-entropy alloys.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2166-532X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/5.0108367
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2722985-3
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Thermodynamic scaling of glassy dynamics and dynamic heterogeneities in metallic glass-forming liquid
    AIP Publishing ; 2016
    In:  The Journal of Chemical Physics Vol. 145, No. 10 ( 2016-09-14)
    Details
    In: The Journal of Chemical Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 145, No. 10 ( 2016-09-14)
    Abstract: A ternary metallic glass-forming liquid is found to be not strongly correlating thermodynamically, but its average dynamics, dynamic heterogeneities including the high order dynamic correlation length, and static structure are still well described by thermodynamic scaling with the same scaling exponent γ. This may indicate that the metallic liquid could be treated as a single-parameter liquid. As an intrinsic material constant stemming from the fundamental interatomic interactions, γ is theoretically predicted from the thermodynamic fluctuations of the potential energy and the virial. Although γ is conventionally understood merely from the repulsive part of the inter-particle potentials, the strong correlation between γ and the Grüneisen parameter up to the accuracy of the Dulong-Petit approximation demonstrates the important roles of anharmonicity and attractive force of the interatomic potential in governing glass transition of metallic glassformers. These findings may shed light on how to understand metallic glass formation from the fundamental interatomic interactions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-9606 , 1089-7690
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.4962324
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3113-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1473050-9
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Noise investigation of an electrostatic accelerometer by a high-voltage levitation method combined with a translation–tilt compensation pendulum bench
    AIP Publishing ; 2021
    In:  Review of Scientific Instruments Vol. 92, No. 6 ( 2021-06-01)
    Details
    In: Review of Scientific Instruments, AIP Publishing, Vol. 92, No. 6 ( 2021-06-01)
    Abstract: A high precision electrostatic accelerometer has widely been employed to measure gravity gradients and detect gravitational waves in space. The high-voltage levitation method is one of the solutions for testing electrostatic accelerometers on the ground, which aims at simultaneously detecting all six-degree-of-freedom movements of the electrostatic accelerometers engineering and flight prototypes. However, the noise performance in the high-voltage levitation test is mainly limited by seismic noise. The combined test of the accelerometer and vibration isolation platform is adopted to improve the detection precision of the high-voltage levitation method. In this paper, a high precision electrostatic accelerometer prototype is developed after designed appropriate mechanical parameters with a test mass weighing 300 g and with an estimated resolution of 2 × 10−12 m/s2/Hz1/2 from 0.01 to 0.4 Hz. Such a prototype is tested by the high-voltage levitation method, its measurement noise on the ground is mainly limited by the seismic noise, which is about 5 × 10−7 m/s2/Hz1/2 around 0.2 Hz and about 4 × 10−8 m/s2/Hz1/2 around 0.1 Hz. A vibration isolation pendulum bench based on the translation–tilt compensation principle is adopted for accelerometer prototype combined tests to suppress the seismic noise, which has a large bench area and the ability to adjust the tilt angle precisely. The measured accelerometer noise of the combined test with the translation–tilt compensation pendulum has reached 3 × 10−9 m/s2/Hz1/2 around 0.2 Hz, and it is about two orders of magnitude lower than the measurement noise on the ground. The combined test method provides technical guidance for further improving the noise level of ground test in the future.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0034-6748 , 1089-7623
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/5.0042938
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 209865-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1472905-2
    SSG: 11
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Photocatalysis of TiO2 Sheets Prepared by Templating Filter Paper
    AIP Publishing ; 2011
    In:  Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics Vol. 24, No. 1 ( 2011-02-01), p. 85-90
    Details
    In: Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 24, No. 1 ( 2011-02-01), p. 85-90
    Abstract: Titanium dioxide sheet photocatalysts composed of interwoven microstrips were successfully synthesized using filter paper as templates. The synthesized samples were characterized by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, surface area analyzer, thermogravimetric analysis, powder X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The photocatalytic activities of the samples were evaluated by the degradation of methyl orange in an aqueous solution under UV-illumination. The results demonstrated that the paper-like TiO2 sheets with the optimum proportion of anatase/rutile (10/1) had the highest photoactivity. And the presence of the filter paper fiber can improve the crystallinity, raise the anatase-rutile transformation temperature and contribute to the formation of being paper-like. A detailed formation mechanism for TiO2 sheets is proposed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1674-0068 , 2327-2244
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1088/1674-0068/24/01/85-90
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2381472-X
    SSG: 6,25
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effect of grain boundaries on the work function of hafnium: A first-principles investigation
    AIP Publishing ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 130, No. 15 ( 2021-10-21)
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 130, No. 15 ( 2021-10-21)
    Abstract: Hafnium (Hf) has been used as a cathode material for thermionic emission in high temperature environments for a long time. However, the effect of grain boundaries (GBs) on its work function has not been reported. In this work, by using first-principles calculations, we find that the introduction of GBs would reduce the work function of Hf surface as compared with that of the perfect crystal, and by increasing the distance between two grain boundaries, the work function converges gradually to the value of monocrystalline Hf. By analyzing the surface atomic structure and charge density distribution, we find that the reduced work function of GB-containing structures originates from the increase of atomic distance and the changes of atomic coordination environments at the GB region, which results in redistribution of electrons and enhances the electronic density of states at the Fermi level.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8979 , 1089-7550
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/5.0060197
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 220641-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3112-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1476463-5
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