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  • American Diabetes Association  (29)
  • 1
    In: Diabetes Care, American Diabetes Association, Vol. 45, No. 12 ( 2022-12-01), p. 2991-2998
    Abstract: Finerenone reduced the risk of kidney and cardiovascular events in people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and type 2 diabetes in the FIDELIO-DKD and FIGARO-DKD phase 3 studies. Effects of finerenone on outcomes in patients taking sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) were evaluated in a prespecified pooled analysis of these studies. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Patients with type 2 diabetes and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) ≥30 to ≤5,000 mg/g and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥25 mL/min/1.73 m2 were randomly assigned to finerenone or placebo; SGLT2is were permitted at any time. Outcomes included cardiovascular composite (cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or hospitalization for heart failure) and kidney composite (kidney failure, sustained ≥57% eGFR decline, or renal death) end points, changes in UACR and eGFR, and safety outcomes. RESULTS Among 13,026 patients, 877 (6.7%) received an SGLT2i at baseline and 1,113 (8.5%) initiated one during the trial. For the cardiovascular composite, the hazard ratios (HRs) were 0.87 (95% CI 0.79–0.96) without SGLT2i and 0.67 (95% CI 0.42–1.07) with SGLT2i. For the kidney composite, the HRs were 0.80 (95% CI 0.69–0.92) without SGLT2i and 0.42 (95% CI 0.16–1.08) with SGLT2i. Baseline SGLT2i use did not affect risk reduction for the cardiovascular or kidney composites with finerenone (Pinteraction = 0.46 and 0.29, respectively); neither did SGLT2i use concomitant with study treatment. CONCLUSIONS Benefits of finerenone compared with placebo on cardiorenal outcomes in patients with CKD and type 2 diabetes were observed irrespective of SGLT2i use.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0149-5992 , 1935-5548
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Diabetes Association
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1490520-6
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  • 2
    In: Diabetes, American Diabetes Association, Vol. 72, No. Supplement_1 ( 2023-06-20)
    Abstract: Ecnoglutide (XW003) is a novel, long-acting GLP-1 analog being developed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. We conducted a Phase 2 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of ecnoglutide, which enrolled 145 adults at over 20 hospital-based sites in China. Eligible participants had T2DM that was inadequately controlled by lifestyle or a single oral hypoglycemic agent. Participants were randomized to receive 0.4, 0.8, or 1.2 mg ecnoglutide or placebo as once weekly injections for 20 weeks, including dose escalation. Change in mean HbA1c, body weight, and BMI, as well as safety and tolerability were evaluated. At baseline, participants had mean HbA1c of 8.55 ± 0.707 % and BMI of 26.27 ± 3.308 kg/m2. At the end of treatment, participants receiving ecnoglutide achieved significant HbA1c reductions of 1.81% to 2.39% from baseline (P & lt;0.0001 for all cohorts vs placebo). At end of treatment, up to 67% of participants in the ecnoglutide cohorts achieved HbA1c levels ≤6.5% and up to 33% had body weight reductions ≥5% from baseline (Figure). Ecnoglutide was generally safe and well tolerated. There were no treatment-related ≥Grade 3 AEs and no treatment-related SAEs. The proportion of participants reporting any AE ranged from 72.2 to 78.4% for ecnoglutide and 58.3 % for placebo. The most frequently reported AEs were gastrointestinal, including diarrhea and nausea. Disclosure D.Zhu: None. S.Xu: Employee; Sciwind. M.K.Junaidi: None. H.H.Qin: Employee; Sciwind Biosciences, Sichuan Anerobic Biotech. Q.Zheng: Employee; Sciwind Biosciences. J.Ning: None. Z.Zhu: Employee; Sciwind Biosciences. G.Mengying: None. Y.Bu: Employee; Sciwind Biosciences. C.Jones: Employee; Sciwind Biosciences. M.Fenaux: Employee; Sciwind Biosciences, Stock/Shareholder; Terns Pharmaceuticals. Funding Sciwind Biosciences
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0012-1797
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Diabetes Association
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1501252-9
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  • 3
    In: Diabetes, American Diabetes Association, Vol. 68, No. Supplement_1 ( 2019-06-01)
    Abstract: Chiglitazar, a novel PPARα/γ/δ pan-agonist, showed favorable effects on glycemic control and lipid modulation with well tolerated safety profile in phase 2 trials. This trial aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of chiglitazar with DPP-4 inhibitor sitagliptin in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with diet and exercise (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02173457). Patients were randomly assigned to receive chiglitazar 32 mg or 48 mg, or sitagliptin 100 mg once daily. The primary endpoint was change in HbA1c from baseline at week 24, with a non-inferiority of each chiglitazar dose versus sitagliptin. Analysis was done in all randomized patients who received at least one dose of study drug (n=739). Chiglitazar showed comparable HbA1c lowering effect compared with sitagliptin at 24 weeks (LS mean difference -0.04% [95% CI -0.22 to 0.15] and -0.08% [95% CI -0.27 to 0.10] for 32 mg and 48 mg, respectively), along with different trends in secondary endpoints. Overall adverse events were comparable across study groups. The incidences of weight gain and edema were generally low but relatively higher in chiglitazar 48 mg. In conclusion, chiglitazar showed non-inferior effect compared with sitagliptin on HbA1c reduction with well tolerated safety profile. Disclosure W. Jia: None. J. Ma: None. H. Miao: None. C. Wang: None. X. Wang: None. Q. Li: None. W. Lu: None. J. Yang: None. L. Zhang: None. J. Yang: None. G. Wang: None. X. Zhang: None. M. Zhang: None. L. Sun: None. X. Yu: None. J. Du: None. B. Shi: None. C. Xiao: None. D. Zhu: None. H. Liu: None. L. Zhong: None. C. Xu: None. Q. Xu: None. G. Liang: None. Y. Zhang: None. G. Li: None. M. Gu: None. J. Liu: None. Z. Ning: None. L. Ji: Advisory Panel; Self; AstraZeneca. Consultant; Self; AstraZeneca, Bayer AG, Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Eli Lilly and Company, Merck KGaA, Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., Novartis AG, Novo Nordisk A/S, Roche Pharma, Sanofi, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited. Research Support; Self; AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Eli Lilly and Company, Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., Novartis AG, Roche Pharma, Sanofi. Funding Ministry of Science and Technology of the People´s Republic of China (2013ZX09401301)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0012-1797 , 1939-327X
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Diabetes Association
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1501252-9
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  • 4
    In: Diabetes Care, American Diabetes Association, Vol. 37, No. 10 ( 2014-10-01), p. 2804-2812
    Abstract: We recently demonstrated a beneficial effect of metformin compared with glipizide in type 2 diabetic patients regarding cardiovascular outcomes for 3-year treatment in the SPREAD-DIMCAD study. However, the potential mechanism for the clinical effects remains unclear. Here, we performed a comprehensive lipidomics study to evaluate the different lipid metabolites in serum samples obtained from participants in this study. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Liquid chromatography–quadrupole time of flight–mass spectrometry was used to evaluate the different lipid metabolites in serum samples obtained from the participants (21 patients in glipizide group and 23 patients in metformin group) before and after each year of treatment (at 0 [baseline], 1, 2, and 3 years of study drug administration). RESULTS A total of 118 serum lipid molecular species was identified and quantified. During treatment, metformin induced a substantially greater change in serum lipid species compared with glipizide, especially at the 2- and 3-year time points (with 2, 11, and 12 lipid species being significantly different between the groups after each year of treatment [1, 2, or 3 years], P & lt; 0.05). Among the significantly changed lipid species, three lipid metabolites were linked to long-term composite cardiovascular events (adjusted P & lt; 0.05). After treatment, triacylglycerols (TAGs) of a relatively higher carbon number showed a clearly increased trend in metformin group compared with the glipizide group, whereas the changes in TAGs with different double bonds were minimal. CONCLUSIONS Our findings revealed the differential therapeutic effects of metformin and glipizide on comprehensive lipidomics, which were comparable with their different long-term effects on cardiovascular outcomes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0149-5992 , 1935-5548
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Diabetes Association
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1490520-6
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Diabetes Association ; 2018
    In:  Diabetes Vol. 67, No. Supplement_1 ( 2018-07-01)
    In: Diabetes, American Diabetes Association, Vol. 67, No. Supplement_1 ( 2018-07-01)
    Abstract: Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of vitamin D on the metabolic characteristics of polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) and its mechanism. Methods and Results: 155 cases of PCOS patients and 74 non-PCOS women withmatched age and BMI were enrolled in this study.Data were collected from May 2016 to November 2017. Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D[25(OH)D], metabolic markers, and sex hormones were measured. Homeostasis model assessment(HOMA-IR), triglyceride(TG), testosterone(T), free androgen index(FAI) and uric acid(UA) were significantly increased(P & lt;0.05) while 25-(OH)D, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and sex hormone binding globulin(SHBG) were lower(P & lt;0.05) in PCOS than non-PCOS. Body mass index(BMI), fasting plasma insulin(FINS), HOMA-IR, TG, total cholesterol(TC) and T,FAI were higher(P & lt;0.05) in Low-Vitamin D group than High-Vitamin D group. Postprandial plasma glucose(PPG) and postprandialplasma insulin(PINS) were higher(P & lt;0.05) in Low-Vitamin D group than both High-Vitamin D group and Middle-Vitamin D group. Vitamin D was associated with BMI(r=-0.265, P=0.002), SBP(systolic blood pressure)(r=-0.267, P=0.002), HOMA-IR(r=-0.265, P=0.001),PINS(r=-0.252, P=0,002), TG(r=-0.265, P=0.001) and FAI(r=-0.211, P=0.027) in women with PCOS. However, after BMI was adjusted, vitamin D was no longer associated with these indexes. Vitamin D inoverweight/obese women with PCOS was lower than normal-weight women(P & lt;0.05). Vitamin D was associated with DBP(r=-0.746,P=0.021) in overweight women with PCOS and was associated with PINS(r=-0.405,P=0.001)in obese women with PCOS. Conclusion: Serum level of vitamin D was lower in women with PCOS than controls. Vitamin D in overweight/obese women with PCOS was lower than normal-weight women with PCOS. Vitamin D is associated with insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease risk in overweight/obese women with PCOS. Disclosure S. Shanmei: None. L. Jiayi: None. L. Yikun: None. Q. Chengcheng: None. Y. Jiamiao: None. Y. Bi: None. D. Zhu: None.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0012-1797 , 1939-327X
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Diabetes Association
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1501252-9
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  • 6
    In: Diabetes, American Diabetes Association, Vol. 67, No. Supplement_1 ( 2018-07-01)
    Abstract: Objective: To compare the effects of gliclazide, liraglutide, and metformin on body composition in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods: Eighty-five subjects were randomly allocated and received gliclazide (n=27), liraglutide (n=29), or metformin (n=29) monotherapy for 24 weeks. Body composition was measured using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Results: Liraglutide and metformin reduced weight and total, trunk, limb, android, and gynoid fat mass. However, no significant changes in weight or fat mass occurred with gliclazide. In the liraglutide and metformin arms, weight loss was mainly due to reductions in total, trunk, limb, android, and gynoid fat mass. The stable weight obtained with gliclazide resulted from identical reductions in fat mass and increases in lean tissue mass. Blood glucose concentrations and glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels improved in all treatment arms, but lower HbA1c levels were found with liraglutide and metformin. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) concentrations decreased in all treatment arms, whereas serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) concentrations reduced with liraglutide and metformin only. For all subjects, weight loss and total, trunk, limb, and android fat mass reductions were positively correlated with reductions in serum ALT and AST concentrations, and reductions in waist circumference were positively correlated with reductions in serum ALT concentrations. Conclusions: As compared with gliclazide monotherapy, liraglutide and metformin monotherapies resulted in greater weight loss, reductions in body fat mass, and improvements in liver function and blood glucose control among patients with T2DM and NAFLD. Disclosure W. Feng: None. Y. Bi: None. P. Li: None. T. Yin: None. C. Gao: None. S. Shen: None. L. Gao: None. C. Jiang: None. D. Zhu: None.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0012-1797 , 1939-327X
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Diabetes Association
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1501252-9
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  • 7
    In: Diabetes Care, American Diabetes Association, Vol. 42, No. 7 ( 2019-07-01), p. 1274-1283
    Abstract: Large numbers of people with type 2 diabetes are obese. However, changes in cognition and related brain function in obese people with diabetes have not been characterized. Here, we investigated cognition, olfactory function, and odor-induced brain alterations in these patients and therapeutic effects of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1Ras) on their psychological behavior and olfactory networks. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Cognitive, olfactory, and odor-induced brain activation assessments were administered to 35 obese and 35 nonobese people with type 2 diabetes and 35 control subjects matched for age, sex, and education. Among them, 20 obese individuals with diabetes with inadequate glycemic control and metformin monotherapy received GLP-1Ra treatment for 3 months and were reassessed for metabolic, cognitive, olfactory, and neuroimaging changes. RESULTS Obese subjects with diabetes demonstrated lower general cognition and olfactory threshold scores, decreased left hippocampal activation, and disrupted seed-based functional connectivity with right insula compared with nonobese subjects with diabetes. Negative associations were found between adiposity and episodic memory and between fasting insulin and processing speed test time in diabetes. Mediation analyses showed that olfactory function and left hippocampus activation mediated these correlations. With 3-month GLP-1Ra treatment, obese subjects with diabetes exhibited improved Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score, olfactory test total score, and enhanced odor-induced right parahippocampus activation. CONCLUSIONS Obese subjects with type 2 diabetes showed impaired cognition and dysfunctional olfaction and brain networks, the latter of which mediated adiposity in cognitive impairment of diabetes. GLP-1Ras ameliorated cognitive and olfactory abnormalities in obese subjects with diabetes, providing new perspectives for early diagnosis and therapeutic approaches for cognitive decrements in these patients.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0149-5992 , 1935-5548
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Diabetes Association
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1490520-6
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  • 8
    In: Diabetes Care, American Diabetes Association, Vol. 45, No. 4 ( 2022-04-01), p. e888-e897
    Abstract: Finerenone significantly improved cardiorenal outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the Finerenone in Reducing Kidney Failure and Disease Progression in Diabetic Kidney Disease trial. We explored whether baseline HbA1c level and insulin treatment influenced outcomes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Patients with T2D, urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) of 30–5,000 mg/g, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 25 to & lt;75 mL/min/1.73 m2, and treated with optimized renin–angiotensin system blockade were randomly assigned to receive finerenone or placebo. Efficacy outcomes included kidney (kidney failure, sustained decrease ≥40% in eGFR from baseline, or renal death) and cardiovascular (cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or hospitalization for heart failure) composite endpoints. Patients were analyzed by baseline insulin use and by baseline HbA1c & lt;7.5% (58 mmol/mol) or ≥7.5%. RESULTS Of 5,674 patients, 3,637 (64.1%) received insulin at baseline. Overall, 5,663 patients were included in the analysis for HbA1c; 2,794 (49.3%) had baseline HbA1c & lt;7.5% (58 mmol/mol). Finerenone significantly reduced risk of the kidney composite outcome independent of baseline HbA1c level and insulin use (Pinteraction = 0.41 and 0.56, respectively). Cardiovascular composite outcome incidence was reduced with finerenone irrespective of baseline HbA1c level and insulin use (Pinteraction = 0.70 and 0.33, respectively). Although baseline HbA1c level did not affect kidney event risk, cardiovascular risk increased with higher HbA1c level. UACR reduction was consistent across subgroups. Adverse events were similar between groups regardless of baseline HbA1c level and insulin use; few finerenone-treated patients discontinued treatment because of hyperkalemia. CONCLUSIONS Finerenone reduces kidney and cardiovascular outcome risk in patients with CKD and T2D, and risks appear consistent irrespective of HbA1c levels or insulin use.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0149-5992
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Diabetes Association
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1490520-6
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Diabetes Association ; 2020
    In:  Diabetes Vol. 69, No. Supplement_1 ( 2020-06-01)
    In: Diabetes, American Diabetes Association, Vol. 69, No. Supplement_1 ( 2020-06-01)
    Abstract: Circadian disorder such as light exposure at night are risk factors for NAFLD Prolactin (PRL), a pituitary derived hormone, is recently shown to improve fatty liver. Noteworthy, PRL is secreted in an oscillating pattern. We aimed to explore the role of PRL rhythm in hepatic lipid metabolism. Serum PRL levels in 8:00, 16:00, and 24:00 of subjects without or with NAFLD were evaluated. A cosine model was fitted to the curve of dynamic PRL levels. Luciferase report assay, ChIP and EMSA were used to examine the mechanism of PRL rhythm. Hight fat diet (HFD) C57BL/6 mice were categorized into HFD, HFD+jet-lag group for 16 weeks and serum PRL levels at ZT0, ZT4, ZT8, ZT12, ZT16, ZT20 were determined. Then mice in HFD+jet-lag group were randomly assigned to HFD+ jet lag and HFD+jet-lag+PRL for 14 days. Hepatic lipid content, clock genes and lipid metabolic genes in liver were detected. PRL in 8:00, 16:00 and 24:00 were all significantly lower in NAFLD group than in controls. Cosine curve analysis showed that NAFLD patients had reduced amplitude and delayed phase shift of PRL levels. After adjusted for confounders, light exposure at night is a risk factor for NAFLD, yet this association was dampened after adjusted for PRL rhythm. Luciferase report assay in 293T cell and EMSA assay in human pituitary tissue showed that Prl can be transactivated by core clock gene Rorα via RORα response element RORE. In mice, dynamic PRL attained highest levels at ZT12 in HFD mice but remained low in HFD+jet-lag mice. ChIP analysis showed that binding of Rorα and Prl promoter in HFD mouse pituitary at ZT12 was inhibited under HFD+jet-lag. Furthermore, hepatic lipid content was significantly higher in HFD+jet-lag group than that in HFD, and can be mitigated after 14 days PRL intervention at ZT12. We also found that PRL injection reversed changes of clock and lipid metabolic gene rhythm caused by jet-lag. PRL can serve as an endocrine sensor that transmits rhythmic signals from central nervous system to liver and thus regulating hepatic lipid metabolism. Disclosure B. Yan: None. P. Zhang: None. D. Zhu: None. Funding National Natural Science Foundation of China (81900787, 81770819)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0012-1797 , 1939-327X
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Diabetes Association
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1501252-9
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  • 10
    In: Diabetes, American Diabetes Association, Vol. 72, No. Supplement_1 ( 2023-06-20)
    Abstract: GLP-1 is an incretin hormone with broad pharmacological potential. GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are successfully in clinical use for T2D and obesity. Several GLP-1-based therapies are in clinical evaluation for treating metabolic diseases. Supaglutide (supa), a novel GLP-1RA, is in late-stage development for T2D. The efficacy and safety of supa is being investigated in 297 patients with newly diagnosed T2D inadequately controlled with diet and exercise in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 clinical trial (NCT04994288). Supa treatment resulted in a statistically and clinically significant reduction from baseline in HbA1c at Week 24 of -1.73% and -2.15% with 1 and 3 mg QW dosing, respectively (p & lt;0.001). Body weight was decreased by 0.97% and 3.14% from baseline in the supa 1 and 3 mg groups, respectively, with a significant difference for supa 3 mg versus 1 mg group (p & lt;0.001). Supa also significantly improved glucose excursion, and increased meal-stimulated insulin and C-peptide secretion as determined by MMTT, suggesting improved glucose tolerance and enhanced β-cell function. The most common TEAEs with supa were GI symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and decreased appetite, mostly in mild or moderate severity. Our data showed that supa improved glycemic and metabolic control and was well tolerated in T2D, suggesting supa as a novel alternative therapy for T2D and metabolic disorders. Disclosure Q.Wang: None. F.Bian: None. Y.Wang: None. X.Shi: None. Q.Li: None. X.Su: None. K.Wang: None. G.Yuan: None. L.Li: None. H.Ling: None. X.Hu: None. Y.Zhou: None. Y.Wang: None. N.Zhao: None. Y.Yang: None. J.Ma: None. Y.Li: None. D.Zhu: None. W.Wang: None. G.Tong: None. W.Jia: None. L.Li: None. Z.Cheng: None. Y.Lu: None. B.Shi: None.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0012-1797
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Diabetes Association
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1501252-9
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