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  • American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)  (476)
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  • American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)  (476)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Regulation of expression of cd133, a colon cancer stem cell marker and other stemness genes/pathways, by celecoxib: Clues from clinical observations
    American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) ; 2009
    In:  Journal of Clinical Oncology Vol. 27, No. 15_suppl ( 2009-05-20), p. e15065-e15065
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 27, No. 15_suppl ( 2009-05-20), p. e15065-e15065
    Abstract: e15065 Background: CD133 identifies intestinal stem cells and colon CSC, the putative culprit of cancer initiation, progression and resistance. Elevated CD133 levels at protein & mRNA levels predict poor outcomes in patients (pts) with colon cancer. Given that celecoxib reduces colon polyp and only maintenance capecitabine plus celecoxib lead to paradoxically high complete remission (CR) in colon cancer pts who had no resection or positive margin resection of metastases (ASCO 2007), we hypothesized that celecoxib could modulate CD133 and other stemness genes/signaling pathways. Methods: we studied the effects of celecoxib versus 5-FU on CD133, Wnt and other stemness genes/pathways using flow cytometry, immunoflurorescence, real time RT-PCR, western blot, TOP-Flash for Wnt, limiting dilution assay, and Affymetrix in colon cancer cell lines and primary colon cancer spheres. Results: Celecoxib or 5FU inhibited the growth of COX-2+ HT29 or COX-2- DLD1 that express CD133 at 80% and 30% respectively. Only celecoxib down-regulated CD133 expression at the mRNA, and protein levels in a dose and time dependent manner. This effect could not be rescued with PGE2 and may be due to Wnt inhibition. Microarray showed 4 folds down-regulation of CD133 and other stemness genes e.g. CD24, ABC transporters, and LGR4/5, findings of colon cancer sphere under differentiation. Celecoxib affected several key stem cells signaling pathway, restored RB and promote cell cycle progression (P 〈 0.05). In contrast, 5FU affected G2M transition but had no effects on stemness genes/pathways (p 〈 0.05). Celecoxib resulted in 6–10 folds reduction in colony size and number with 5.6–36 folds down-regulation of CD133 mRNA in primary colon cancer spheres. Pts with confirmed radiographic CR who had received 〉 6 months of maintenance capecitabine and celecoxib reached 5-year survival 〉 90% comparable to pts who achieved pathological CR (12/19). Conclusions: Targeting colon CSC with capecitabine and celecoxib may lead to durable CR and survival and deserves further investigation. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e15065
    RVK:
    XA 52760
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Absolute benefits of experimental medical therapies in phase III randomized clinical trials (RCTs) in breast and colorectal cancer
    American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) ; 2009
    In:  Journal of Clinical Oncology Vol. 27, No. 15_suppl ( 2009-05-20), p. 6513-6513
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 27, No. 15_suppl ( 2009-05-20), p. 6513-6513
    Abstract: 6513 Background: New treatments are approved based on results of RCTs, which have become larger and powered to detect smaller absolute benefits (Booth et al, J Clin Oncol 26, 2008).The purpose of this study was to evaluate temporal trends in absolute benefits of experimental medical therapies in RCTs. Methods: RCTs with 200 or more participants evaluating medical therapies for breast and colorectal cancer were identified by searching Medline from 1975 to 2007. For each trial, absolute benefits were determined as: (i) the difference in either 3-year event-free survival (EFS) or 5-year overall survival (OS) for adjuvant trials, or in median survival for metastatic trials, as per usual practice; and (ii) the area between time-to-event curves for the treatment arms relative to total area, up to a given time. Monthly incremental cost of new therapies approved by the FDA between 1995 and 2007 were determined for treatments for metastatic disease. Results: We identified 236 eligible RCTs, with 57% evaluating adjuvant treatments for breast (N=102) and colorectal cancer (N=33). Median absolute benefits of experimental treatments decreased substantially in the last decade (Table) and were in the range of only 1.3 to 2.7% when analyzed as the relative area between time-to-event curves. Among RCTs evaluating treatment for metastatic cancer there was no change in absolute benefits with time, but incremental monthly cost of new approved treatments increased with time (1995: median $U.S. 65; 2007: median $U.S. 6560, p 〈 0.0001). Conclusions: Evaluating absolute benefit as the relative area between time-to-event curves does not depend on the shape of the curves and is preferred. Over time, RCTs evaluating adjuvant treatment for breast and colorectal cancer show decreasing absolute benefit. New costly treatments may not assure meaningful clinical benefits. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.6513
    RVK:
    XA 52760
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Phase II trial of paclitaxel-topotecan-etoposide (PTE) followed by consolidation chemoradiotherapy for limited stage small cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC): CALGB 30002
    American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) ; 2005
    In:  Journal of Clinical Oncology Vol. 23, No. 16_suppl ( 2005-06), p. 7170-7170
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 23, No. 16_suppl ( 2005-06), p. 7170-7170
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1200/jco.2005.23.16_suppl.7170
    RVK:
    XA 52760
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2005
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Physical activity and risk of postmenopausal breast cancer defined by hormone receptor status and histology: A large prospective cohort study with 18 years of follow up
    American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) ; 2006
    In:  Journal of Clinical Oncology Vol. 24, No. 18_suppl ( 2006-06-20), p. 1002-1002
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 24, No. 18_suppl ( 2006-06-20), p. 1002-1002
    Abstract: 1002 Background: Physical activity is a modifiable breast cancer risk factor, perhaps mediating risk reduction through regulation of estrogen metabolism. Evidence regarding effect of physical activity is conflicting partly because breast cancer is a heterogenous constellation of different tumor subtypes with differing etiologies. No prospective study has examined the relationship between physical activity and breast cancer incidence based on ER/PR status or histological subtype. Objective: Examine effect of physical activity on breast cancer incidence based on ER/PR status and histological subtypes of breast cancer. Methods: The Iowa Women’s Health Study is a prospective cohort study of postmenopausal women (N=41,837). Physical activity was self-reported on baseline questionnaire, and three levels (high, medium and low) were defined. Breast cancer incidence, histologic subtype and ER/PR status, through 18 years of follow-up, were ascertained by linkage with the Iowa SEER Cancer Registry. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate multivariate relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of breast cancer, adjusting for other breast cancer risk factors. Results: During 554,819 person-years of follow-up, 2548 incident cases of breast cancer were observed. High physical activity was associated with decreased risk for breast cancer (RR 0.91, 95 % CI 0.81–1.01) compared to low activity. The protective effect was most marked in ER+/PR− (RR 0.66, CI 0.46–0.94), intermediate in ER−/PR− (RR 0.80, CI 0.56–1.15), weakest in ER+/PR+ (RR 0.94, CI 0.81–1.08), and elevated in ER-/PR+ (RR 1.42, CI 0.67–3.01) tumors. Higher physical activity was also associated with a decreased risk of invasive ductal/lobular carcinoma (RR 0.90, CI 0.80–1.02), but not with invasive breast cancer with a favorable histology (RR 1.19, CI 0.78–1.81). Conclusions: Higher physical activity was associated with a 10% decreased risk of breast cancer. Unexpectedly, risk reduction was most marked in PR- tumors, particularly ER+/PR-, and the more aggressive histologic forms. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings, and also evaluate other risk factors based on ER/PR status and histological subtypes. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.1002
    RVK:
    XA 52760
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Using the PAM50 breast cancer intrinsic classifier to assess risk in ER+ breast cancers: A direct comparison to Onco type DX.
    American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) ; 2011
    In:  Journal of Clinical Oncology Vol. 29, No. 15_suppl ( 2011-05-20), p. 503-503
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 29, No. 15_suppl ( 2011-05-20), p. 503-503
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.503
    RVK:
    XA 52760
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    CALGB 30103: A randomized phase II study of carboplatin and etoposide (CE) with or without G3139 in patients with extensive stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC)
    American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) ; 2005
    In:  Journal of Clinical Oncology Vol. 23, No. 16_suppl ( 2005-06), p. 7168-7168
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 23, No. 16_suppl ( 2005-06), p. 7168-7168
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1200/jco.2005.23.16_suppl.7168
    RVK:
    XA 52760
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2005
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Trends in the quality of abstracts of articles describing randomized controlled cancer trials (RCTs) from 1975–2004
    American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) ; 2007
    In:  Journal of Clinical Oncology Vol. 25, No. 18_suppl ( 2007-06-20), p. 6541-6541
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 25, No. 18_suppl ( 2007-06-20), p. 6541-6541
    Abstract: 6541 Background: Busy oncologists may rely on abstracts to obtain most of their information from published reports. Here we evaluate the quality of abstracts in articles reporting RCTs, and whether quality of reporting has changed over time. Methods: Reports of RCTs evaluating systemic therapy for breast, colorectal and non-small cell lung cancer published 1975–2004 in 6 major journals were identified. The quality of abstracts was evaluated using a scale which awards 1 point for full and 1/2 point for partial reporting of each of 6 items: study rationale, statement of primary endpoint, description of intervention, treatment effect size, P-values or confidence intervals (CI), and toxicity. The scale was a modification of one previously developed to assess quality of reporting of conference abstracts. Trends in the reporting of individual items and composite scores were evaluated over three 10-year periods (1975–84, 1985–94, 1995–2004) using descriptive statistics. Results: Of 326 eligible articles, 319 had an abstract. Unstructured abstracts were common before 1994 ( Table ). The minimum and maximum quality scores assigned were 0.5 and 6/6. Median quality scores improved significantly with time (from 2.5 to 4.5/6, P 〈 .001), as did inclusion of each of the individual items (P 〈 .001). In the most recent 10-year period, three variables were adequately reported in less than half of abstracts (primary endpoint 38.0%, rationale 38.6%, toxicity 40.4%). Since the publication of the revised CONSORT statement in 2001, reporting of these items has improved (58.2%, 47.8%, 44.8% for 2002–2004). Conclusions: Quality of abstracts for published RCTs has improved over time, but deficiencies still exist. Items requiring improved reporting include identification of the primary endpoint, description of rationale, and a summary of toxicity. No significant financial relationships to disclose. [Table: see text]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.6541
    RVK:
    XA 52760
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Evolution of the randomized controlled trial (RCT) in oncology over three decades
    American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) ; 2007
    In:  Journal of Clinical Oncology Vol. 25, No. 18_suppl ( 2007-06-20), p. 6515-6515
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 25, No. 18_suppl ( 2007-06-20), p. 6515-6515
    Abstract: 6515 Background: The RCT is the gold standard for establishing new therapies in oncology. Here we document changes with time in design, results, author conclusions and sponsorship. Methods: Reports of RCTs evaluating systemic therapy for breast, colorectal (CRC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) published 1975–2004 in 6 major journals were reviewed. Two authors independently abstracted data regarding trial design, effect size and author conclusions. Author conclusions were assigned a score from 1 to 7: 4/7 for a neutral statement, 7/7 and 1/7 for strong endorsement of experimental and control arm respectively. For each study the effect size for the primary endpoint was converted to a summary measure: hazard ratio [HR] for survival endpoints and relative risk [RR] for response rate. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze trends over time. Results: 326 eligible RCTs were included (48% breast, 24% CRC, 28% NSCLC). There was a significant increase in the number and size of RCTs (see Table ). Median rate of accrual increased from 7 patients/month in 1975–84 to 14 patients/month in 1995–2004 (p 〈 0.001). There was an increase in multicenter (55 to 95%, p 〈 0.001), international trials (26 to 52%, p 〈 0.001) and for-profit sponsorship over time (6 to 57%, p 〈 0.001). There was increasing use of survival (13 to 48%,) and decreasing use of response rate (32 to 14%) as primary endpoint (p 〈 0.001). Authors have become more likely to strongly endorse the experimental arm despite no change in effect size over time (p=0.005). Studies sponsored by for-profit organizations were more likely to strongly endorse the experimental agent than studies not sponsored by for-profit groups (median author score 6/7 vs. 4/7, p 〈 0.001). Conclusions: RCTs in oncology have become more common, larger, and are more likely to be sponsored by industry. Authors of modern RCTs are more likely to strongly endorse novel therapies despite no increase in the relative benefit of interventions. For-profit sponsorship is associated with stronger endorsement of the experimental arm. No significant financial relationships to disclose. [Table: see text]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.6515
    RVK:
    XA 52760
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Assessing surrogacy using restricted mean survival time ratio for overall survival in liver cancer immunotherapy studies.
    American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Clinical Oncology Vol. 40, No. 16_suppl ( 2022-06-01), p. e16222-e16222
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 40, No. 16_suppl ( 2022-06-01), p. e16222-e16222
    Abstract: e16222 Background: Recently, immunotherapy has played a crucial role in treating liver cancer, one of the major cancers that contributes to global cancer burden. Overall survival (OS) is widely applied in cancer trials to evaluate the treatment effects of new therapies. However, it requires more patients and longer follow-up time comparing with progression-free survival (PFS). In addition, while assessing the treatment effects of cancer immunotherapy, proportional hazard (PH) assumption is often violated due to issues such as delayed treatment effects. Restricted Mean Survival Time (RMST) ratio is increasingly used for treatment effect evaluation when the PH assumption is violated. Such change prompts an important question whether the surrogacy value of PFS will be affected when RMST ratio is used to characterize treatment effect. The aim of this study is to examine the feasibility of using PFS as a surrogate endpoint for OS when the treatment effect is measured using hazard ratio (HR) versus RMST ratio. Methods: The surrogacy of PFS on OS was evaluated through examining the association between PFS and OS using HR and RMST ratio. Seven immunotherapy studies published between 2000 and 2021 were included (Table). Information of examined studies such as treatment arms information, OS and PFS were collected. RMST ratio for PFS and OS were calculated based on the Kaplan-Meier plots extracted from each article using WebPlotDigitizer 4.4. The weighted least square regression lines and R^2 between OS and PFS for HR and RMST ratio were calculated. Results: Among 7 immunotherapy studies, 4 gave placebos to the control arms as treatments. 2 provided Sorafenib and 1 assigned the same drug as treatment arm but with different schedule. All 7 studies had OS and PFS as the endpoints. 2 studies violated the PH assumptions. Based on the data extracted from examined articles, a moderate correlation (0.52) between PFS and OS was observed for HR while low correlation (0.10) was observed for RMST ratio. Conclusions: The R^2 values differ greatly depending on whether HR or RMST ratio was used for assessing surrogacy. Our finding may have important implications for the design of future immunotherapy liver cancer trials. For future work, increasing the number of included studies for a more comprehensive analysis is needed. Moreover, trial-level surrogacy analysis should be conducted to complement the study-level investigation.[Table: see text]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2022.40.16_suppl.e16222
    RVK:
    XA 52760
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Evaluation of Mena isoforms as a surrogate for epithelial mesenchymal transformation and erlotinib resistance in breast carcinoma
    American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) ; 2009
    In:  Journal of Clinical Oncology Vol. 27, No. 15_suppl ( 2009-05-20), p. 1078-1078
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 27, No. 15_suppl ( 2009-05-20), p. 1078-1078
    Abstract: 1078 Background: Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an important step in invasiveness and has been shown to correlate with metastatic potential in several cancer cell lines, including breast carcinoma. However, given the heterogeneity of tumors in vivo, EMT has not been a reliable marker of metastatic potential in cancer patients. Mena, a member of the enabled (ena)/vasodilator-stimulated phophoprotein (VASP) family, which controls cell motility, is upregulated in the invasive subpopulation of breast cancer cells. Mena is alternatively spliced to include one of four exons: +, ++, invasive (INV), or 11a. In the presence of Mena INV , tumor cells are able to invade even at epidermal growth factor (EGF) concentrations that would otherwise be undetectable by the tumor cells. Currently, there are several clinical and genetic characteristics which can predict sensitivity to erlotinib, an EGF receptor inhibitor, but further studies are necessary. Methods: The animal models used were the polyoma middle T antigen (PyMT) transgenic mouse and severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) xenografted tumors derived from injection with a human breast carcinoma line, MDA-MB-231, and a rat adenocarcinoma line, MTLn3, with forced expression of Mena INV and Mena11a. Invasive cells and average primary tumor cells were collected using the in vivo invasion assay and Fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS), respectively, and imaged via immunofluorescence. Results: We show that in both the PyMT and MDA-MB-231 animal models, invasive cells are significantly more mesenchymal than average primary tumor cells, indicating they have undergone EMT. The MTLn3-Mena INV cells are more mesenchymal-like, whereas the Mena11a are more epithelial-like. We also expect that cells with a high Mena INV /11a ratio invade despite the presence of erlotinib. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.1078
    RVK:
    XA 52760
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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