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  • Cambridge University Press (CUP)  (6)
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  • Cambridge University Press (CUP)  (6)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Stress sensitization following a disaster: a prospective study
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2012
    In:  Psychological Medicine Vol. 42, No. 8 ( 2012-08), p. 1675-1686
    Details
    In: Psychological Medicine, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 42, No. 8 ( 2012-08), p. 1675-1686
    Abstract: According to the stress sensitization hypothesis, prior exposure to extreme stressors may lead to increased responsiveness to subsequent stressors. It is unclear whether disaster exposure is associated with stress sensitization and, if so, whether this effect is lasting or temporary. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence and duration of stress sensitization prospectively following a major disaster. Method Residents affected by a fireworks disaster ( n =1083) participated in surveys 2–3 weeks (T1), 18–20 months (T2) and almost 4 years (T3) after the disaster. Participants reported disaster exposure, including direct exposure, injury and damage to their home at T1, and also stressful life events (SLEs) at T2 and T3. Feelings of anxiety and depression, concentration difficulty, hostility, sleep disturbance, and intrusion and avoidance of disaster-related memories were used as indicators of distress. Results Residents whose home was completely destroyed responded with greater distress to SLEs reported 18–20 months following the disaster than residents whose home was less damaged. There were no differences in stress responsiveness almost 4 years after the disaster. Conclusions During the first years after a disaster, stress sensitization may occur in disaster survivors who experienced extreme disaster exposure. Stress sensitization may explain the persistence or progression of distress over time following extreme stressor exposure.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0033-2917 , 1469-8978
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S0033291711002765
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1470300-2
    SSG: 5,2
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    High prevalence of nasal MRSA carriage in slaughterhouse workers in contact with live pigs in The Netherlands
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2010
    In:  Epidemiology and Infection Vol. 138, No. 5 ( 2010-05), p. 756-763
    Details
    In: Epidemiology and Infection, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 138, No. 5 ( 2010-05), p. 756-763
    Abstract: Livestock-associated MRSA has been found in various animals, livestock farmers and retail meat. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and determinants of nasal MRSA carriage in pig slaughterhouse workers. Three large pig slaughterhouses in The Netherlands were studied in 2008 using human and environmental samples. The overall prevalence of nasal MRSA carriage in employees of pig slaughterhouses was 5·6% (14/249) (95% CI 3·4–9·2) and working with live pigs was the single most important factor for being MRSA positive (OR 38·2, P 〈 0·0001). At the start of the day MRSA was only found in environmental samples from the lairages (10/12), whereas at the end of the day MRSA was found in the lairages (11/12), the dirty (5/12) and clean (3/12) areas and green offal (1/3). The MRSA status of the environmental samples correlated well with the MRSA status of humans working in these sections ( r =0·75). In conclusion, a high prevalence of nasal MRSA carriage was found in pig-slaughterhouse workers, and working with live pigs is the most important risk factor. Exact transmission routes from animals to humans remain to be elucidated in order to enable application of targeted preventive measures.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0950-2688 , 1469-4409
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S0950268810000245
    RVK:
    XA 41125
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1470211-3
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Isolation of epidemic poliovirus from sewage during the 1992–3 type 3 outbreak in the Netherlands
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 1995
    In:  Epidemiology and Infection Vol. 114, No. 3 ( 1995-06), p. 481-491
    Details
    In: Epidemiology and Infection, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 114, No. 3 ( 1995-06), p. 481-491
    Abstract: To examine the extent of wild poliovirus circulation during the 1992–3 epidemic in the Netherlands caused by poliovirus type 3, 269 samples from sewage pipelines at 120 locations were examined for the presence of poliovirus. The epidemic virus strain was found in 23 samples, all from locations inside the risk area which contained communities that refuse vaccination for religious reasons. By sewage investigation, the wildtype virus was shown to be present in the early phase of the epidemic at two locations, one week before patients were reported from that area. The wild type 3 poliovirus was also detected retrospectively in a river water sample collected for other reasons three weeks before notification of the first poliomyelitis case, at a site a few kilometres upstream the home village of this patient. Oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) virus was found at 28 locations inside or at the border of the risk area. Trivalent OPV was offered to unvaccinated or incompletely-vaccinated persons living in this region as part of the measures to control the epidemic.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0950-2688 , 1469-4409
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S0950268800052195
    RVK:
    XA 41125
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 1995
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1470211-3
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Prevalence of livestock-associated MRSA in broiler flocks and risk factors for slaughterhouse personnel in The Netherlands
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2010
    In:  Epidemiology and Infection Vol. 138, No. 5 ( 2010-05), p. 743-755
    Details
    In: Epidemiology and Infection, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 138, No. 5 ( 2010-05), p. 743-755
    Abstract: To determine methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) carriage in poultry and slaughterhouse personnel, 40 Dutch broiler flocks, in six slaughterhouses and 466 personnel were sampled. Of the employees, 26 were positive (5·6%), indicating a higher risk of exposure when compared to the general Dutch population (0·1%). This risk was significantly higher for personnel having contact with live animals (5·2%) – especially hanging broilers on the slaughterline (20·0%) – than for all other personnel (1·9%). Conventional electric stunning conferred a significantly higher risk of MRSA carriage for employees than CO 2 stunning (9·7% vs . 2·0%). A total of 405 broilers were sampled upon their arrival at the slaughterhouse, of which 6·9% were positive. These broilers originated from 40 Dutch slaughter flocks of which 35·0% were positive. MRSA contamination in the different compartments of slaughterhouses increased during the production day, from 8% to 35%. Of the 119 MRSA isolates, predominantly livestock-associated MRSA ST398 was found, although 27·7% belonged to ST9 ( spa type t1430). There is an increased risk of MRSA carriage in personnel working at broiler slaughterhouses, particularly those having contact with live animals.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0950-2688 , 1469-4409
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S0950268810000075
    RVK:
    XA 41125
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1470211-3
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    36. Commission de la Spectrophotométrie
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 1939
    In:  Transactions of the International Astronomical Union Vol. 6 ( 1939), p. 293-306
    Details
    In: Transactions of the International Astronomical Union, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 6 ( 1939), p. 293-306
    Abstract: At the first meeting of the newly formed Commission on Spectrophotometry, at Paris in 1935, a thorough discussion, aided by several reports, took place on the principles of this branch of astrophysics. So it will be sufficient now to treat only such special points of theory and practice as have won interest by researches of the last few years.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0251-107X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S0251107X00018228
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 1939
    SSG: 16,12
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    An overview of nutritional factors in the aetiopathogenesis of myocardial fibrosis in great apes
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2024
    In:  Nutrition Research Reviews
    Details
    In: Nutrition Research Reviews, Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Abstract: The main cause of mortality in great apes in zoological settings is cardiovascular disease (CVD), affecting all four taxa: chimpanzee ( Pan troglodytes ), bonobo ( Pan paniscus ), gorilla ( Gorilla spp.) and orangutan ( Pongo spp.). Myocardial fibrosis, the most typical histological characterisation of CVD in great apes, is non-specific, making it challenging to understand the aetiopathogenesis. A multifactorial origin of disease is assumed whereby many potential causative factors are directly or indirectly related to the diet, which in wild-living great apes mainly consists of high-fibre, low-carbohydrate and very low-sodium components. Diets of great apes housed in zoological settings are often different compared with the situation in the wild. Moreover, low circulating vitamin D levels have recently been recognised in great apes housed in more northern regions. Evaluation of current supplementation guidelines shows that, despite implementation of different dietary strategies, animals stay vitamin D insufficient. Therefore, recent hypotheses designate vitamin D deficiency as a potential underlying factor in the pathogenesis of myocardial fibrosis. The aim of this literature review is to: (i) examine important differences in nutritional factors between zoological and wild great ape populations; (ii) explain the potential detrimental effects of the highlighted dietary discrepancies on cardiovascular function in great apes; and (iii) elucidate specific nutrition-related pathophysiological mechanisms that may underlie the development of myocardial fibrosis. This information may contribute to understanding the aetiopathogenesis of myocardial fibrosis in great apes and pave the way for future clinical studies and a more preventive approach to great ape CVD management.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0954-4224 , 1475-2700
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S0954422424000076
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2029223-5
    SSG: 22
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