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  • European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (ECDC)  (3)
  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Isoniazid (INH) mono-resistance and tuberculosis (TB) treatment success: analysis of European surveillance data, 2002 to 2014
    European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (ECDC) ; 2019
    In:  Eurosurveillance Vol. 24, No. 12 ( 2019-03-21)
    Details
    In: Eurosurveillance, European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (ECDC), Vol. 24, No. 12 ( 2019-03-21)
    Kurzfassung: Introduction: Isoniazid (INH) is an essential drug for tuberculosis (TB) treatment. Resistance to INH may increase the likelihood of negative treatment outcome. Aim: We aimed to determine the impact of INH mono-resistance on TB treatment outcome in the European Union/European Economic Area and to identify risk factors for unsuccessful outcome in cases with INH mono-resistant TB. Methods: In this observational study, we retrospectively analysed TB cases that were diagnosed in 2002–14 and included in the European Surveillance System (TESSy). Multilevel logistic regression models were applied to identify risk factors and correct for clustering of cases within countries. Results: A total of 187,370 susceptible and 7,578 INH mono-resistant TB cases from 24 countries were included in the outcome analysis. Treatment was successful in 74.0% of INH mono-resistant and 77.4% of susceptible TB cases. In the final model, treatment success was lower among INH mono-resistant cases (Odds ratio (OR): 0.7; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.6–0.9; adjusted absolute difference in treatment success: 5.3%). Among INH mono-resistant TB cases, unsuccessful treatment outcome was associated with age above median (OR: 1.3; 95% CI: 1.2–1.5), male sex (OR: 1.3; 95% CI: 1.1–1.4), positive smear microscopy (OR: 1.3; 95% CI: 1.1–1.4), positive HIV status (OR: 3.3; 95% CI: 1.6–6.5) and a prior TB history (OR: 1.8; 95% CI: 1.5–2.2). Conclusions: This study provides evidence for an association between INH mono-resistance and a lower likelihood of TB treatment success. Increased attention should be paid to timely detection and management of INH mono-resistant TB.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1560-7917
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.12.1800392
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (ECDC)
    Publikationsdatum: 2019
    ZDB Id: 2059112-3
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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    Online-Ressource
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  • 2
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Recurrent tuberculosis in the Netherlands – a 24-year follow-up study, 1993 to 2016
    European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (ECDC) ; 2022
    In:  Eurosurveillance Vol. 27, No. 12 ( 2022-03-24)
    Details
    In: Eurosurveillance, European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (ECDC), Vol. 27, No. 12 ( 2022-03-24)
    Kurzfassung: Not all treated tuberculosis (TB) patients achieve long-term recovery and reactivation rates reflect effectiveness of TB treatment. Aim We aimed to estimate rates and risk factors of TB reactivation and reinfection in patients treated in the Netherlands, after completed or interrupted treatment. Methods Retrospective cohort study of TB patients with available DNA fingerprint data, registered in the Netherlands Tuberculosis register (NTR) between 1993 and 2016. Reactivation was defined as an identical, and reinfection as a non-identical Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain in sequential episodes. Results Reactivation rate was 55/100,000 person-years (py) for patients who completed, and 318/100,000 py for patients who interrupted treatment. The risk of reactivation was highest in the first 5 years after treatment in both groups. The incidence rate of reactivation was 228/100,000 py in the first 2 years and 57/100,000 py 2–5 years after completed treatment. The overall rate of reinfection was 16/100,000 py. Among those who completed treatment, patients with male sex, mono or poly rifampicin-resistant TB and a previous TB episode had significantly higher risk of reactivation. Extrapulmonary TB was associated with a lower risk. Among patients who interrupted treatment, directly observed treatment (DOT) and being an undocumented migrant or people experiencing homelessness were associated with a higher risk of reactivation. Conclusions Both patients who completed or interrupted TB treatment should be considered as risk groups for reactivation for at least 2–5 years after treatment. They patients should be monitored and guidelines should be in place to enhance early detection of recurrent TB.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1560-7917
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.12.2100183
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (ECDC)
    Publikationsdatum: 2022
    ZDB Id: 2059112-3
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    Open Access Wunsch
    Verfügbarkeit (elektronisch / print)
  • 3
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Towards standardisation: comparison of five whole genome sequencing (WGS) analysis pipelines for detection of epidemiologically linked tuberculosis cases
    European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (ECDC) ; 2019
    In:  Eurosurveillance Vol. 24, No. 50 ( 2019-12-12)
    Details
    In: Eurosurveillance, European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (ECDC), Vol. 24, No. 50 ( 2019-12-12)
    Kurzfassung: Whole genome sequencing (WGS) is a reliable tool for studying tuberculosis (TB) transmission. WGS data are usually processed by custom-built analysis pipelines with little standardisation between them. Aim To compare the impact of variability of several WGS analysis pipelines used internationally to detect epidemiologically linked TB cases. Methods From the Netherlands, 535 Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) strains from 2016 were included. Epidemiological information obtained from municipal health services was available for all mycobacterial interspersed repeat unit-variable number of tandem repeat (MIRU-VNTR) clustered cases. WGS data was analysed using five different pipelines: one core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) approach and four single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based pipelines developed in Oxford, United Kingdom; Borstel, Germany; Bilthoven, the Netherlands and Copenhagen, Denmark. WGS clusters were defined using a maximum pairwise distance of 12 SNPs/alleles. Results The cgMLST approach and Oxford pipeline clustered all epidemiologically linked cases, however, in the other three SNP-based pipelines one epidemiological link was missed due to insufficient coverage. In general, the genetic distances varied between pipelines, reflecting different clustering rates: the cgMLST approach clustered 92 cases, followed by 84, 83, 83 and 82 cases in the SNP-based pipelines from Copenhagen, Oxford, Borstel and Bilthoven respectively. Conclusion Concordance in ruling out epidemiological links was high between pipelines, which is an important step in the international validation of WGS data analysis. To increase accuracy in identifying TB transmission clusters, standardisation of crucial WGS criteria and creation of a reference database of representative MTBC sequences would be advisable.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1560-7917
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.50.1900130
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (ECDC)
    Publikationsdatum: 2019
    ZDB Id: 2059112-3
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Online-Ressource
    Open Access Wunsch
    Verfügbarkeit (elektronisch / print)
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