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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Comorbidity, Radiation Duration, and Pretreatment Body Muscle Mass Predict Early Treatment Failure in Taiwanese Patients with Locally Advanced Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma after Completion of Adjuvant Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Diagnostics Vol. 11, No. 7 ( 2021-07-02), p. 1203-
    Details
    In: Diagnostics, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 7 ( 2021-07-02), p. 1203-
    Abstract: Few prospective cohort trials have evaluated the potential risk factors of early treatment failure of locally advanced oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (LAOCSCC) patients following the completion of postoperative adjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). We collected clinicopathological variables, nutrition-inflammatory markers and total body composition data assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) before and after CCRT. A factor analysis was used to reduce the number of DXA-derived parameters. Cox proportional hazard models were applied to determine the risk factors associated with early treatment failure defined as tumor progression or death within 180 days of CCRT completion. A total of 69 patients were eligible for analysis. After CCRT, the body weight, body mass index, nutritional markers, and muscle mass decreased, whereas C-reactive protein level increased. Five factors reflecting different body composition statuses were identified. A total of 21 patients (30.4%) developed early treatment failure. Comorbidities (hazard ratio ((HR)), 2.699; 95% confidence interval ((CI)), 1.005–7.913; p = 0.044), radiation duration (HR, 1.092; 95% CI, 1.015–1.174; p = 0.018) and the pretreatment body muscle mass (HR, 0.578; 95% CI, 0.345–0.957; p = 0.037) independently contributed to early treatment failure. Comorbidities, longer radiation duration, and lower pretreatment body muscle mass are predictive factors for early treatment failure in LAOCSCC patients following postoperative adjuvant CCRT completion.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4418
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11071203
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662336-5
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Study of Correlation between Serum Vitamin D3 Concentrations and HBV DNA Levels and Immune Response in Chronic Hepatitis Patients
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 12, No. 4 ( 2020-04-16), p. 1114-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 4 ( 2020-04-16), p. 1114-
    Abstract: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a common chronic disease. Previous studies have shown a link between 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (vitamin D3) concentration and liver disease. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been attributed to the inappropriate functioning of cell-mediated immunity. However, the effects of vitamin D3, immune cell, and HBeAg status on HBV viral load in CHB patients are still unclear. We investigated the relationship between the serum concentration of vitamin D3, percentage of immune cells in peripheral blood, and the HBV viral load of CHB patients. Sixty CHB patients were recruited, and their blood samples were collected and analyzed. Vitamin D level was measured using a chemiluminescence assay. A level of 30 ng/mL or above was defined as a vitamin D3 sufficiency. We assigned vitamin D3 status as either normal (≥30 ng/mL), insufficient (20–30 ng/mL), or deficient ( 〈 20 ng/mL). T-lymphocyte and B-lymphocyte surface markers in peripheral blood were detected using flow cytometry. The factors associated with HBV viral load were analyzed using univariate and multivariate-adjusted models. The mean serum vitamin D3 concentration in the subjects was 20.9 ± 5.6 ng/mL. Up to 88.3% of the patients were either deficient in or had insufficient vitamin D3. The gender, BMI, hepatitis B surface antigen levels, and ALT levels were significantly related to serum vitamin D3 levels. Serum vitamin D3 concentration, HBe status, HBs levels, ALT, and AST levels showed a statistically significant correlation with the HBV DNA levels. Serum vitamin D3 concentrations and hepatitis B surface antigen levels were strongly correlated with HBV DNA levels. Vitamin D3 levels were significantly associated with CD19 numbers (β:−6.2, 95% CI: −10.5). In multivariate analysis, vitamin D3 levels in the deficient and insufficient groups, and the CD8, HBeAg, and WBC counts were significantly associated with HBV DNA levels. In the immune tolerance phase of HBeAg-negative chronic HBV infection, vitamin D3 may be a modulator of immune function via CD8, CD19, and HBV DNA.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu12041114
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518386-2
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    A Simple and Highly Sensitive Thymine Sensor for Mercury Ion Detection Based on Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy and the Mechanism Study
    MDPI AG ; 2017
    In:  Nanomaterials Vol. 7, No. 7 ( 2017-07-24), p. 192-
    Details
    In: Nanomaterials, MDPI AG, Vol. 7, No. 7 ( 2017-07-24), p. 192-
    Abstract: Mercury ion (Hg2+) is recognized as one of the most toxic metal ions for the environment and for human health. Techniques utilized in the detection of Hg2+ are an important factor. Herein, a simple thymine was successfully employed as the surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy sensor for Hg2+ ion detection. The limit of detection (LOD) of the developed sensor is better than 0.1 nM (0.02 ppb). This sensor can also selectively distinguish Hg2+ ions over 7 types of alkali, heavy metal and transition-metal ions. Moreover, the LOD of the sensor can even achieve 1 ppb in practical application in the nature system, which is half the maximum allowable level (10 nM, 2 ppb) stipulated in the US Environmental Protection Agency standard. Further investigation of the thymine-Hg2+-thymine coordination mechanism provides a possible means of detecting other metal ions by replacing the metal ion-specific ligands. This work paves the way for the detection of toxic metal ions and environmental problems.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-4991
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nano7070192
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662255-5
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Integrating Muscle Health in Predicting the Risk of Asymptomatic Vertebral Fracture in Older Adults
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Clinical Medicine Vol. 10, No. 5 ( 2021-03-08), p. 1129-
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 5 ( 2021-03-08), p. 1129-
    Abstract: Background: The utility of muscle health for predicting asymptomatic vertebral fracture (VF) is uncertain. We aimed to determine the effects of muscle health on bone quantity and quality in the older adults and to integrate these factors into a predictive model for VF. Methods: We prospectively recruited participants with a body mass index 〈 37 kg/m2. The total lean mass (TLM), appendicular skeletal muscle index, presence of sarcopenia, and bone mineral density were determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and bone quality by the trabecular bone score (TBS). VF was diagnosed based on spine radiography. Results: A total of 414 females and 186 males were included; 257 participants had VF. Lower TLM was significantly associated with poorer bone quantity and quality in both males and females. A low TBS (OR: 11.302, p = 0.028) and sarcopenia (Odds ratio (OR): 2.820, p = 0.002) were significant predictors of VF in males, but not bone quantity. Moreover, integrating TBS and sarcopenia into the predictive model improved its performance. Conclusions: Although TLM was associated with bone quantity and quality in both sexes, sarcopenia and a low TBS were significant predictors of asymptomatic VF only in male participants.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2077-0383
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jcm10051129
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662592-1
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Autophagy Modulation in Human Thyroid Cancer Cells following Aloperine Treatment
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 20, No. 21 ( 2019-10-25), p. 5315-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 20, No. 21 ( 2019-10-25), p. 5315-
    Abstract: Aloperine, an alkaloid isolated from Sophora alopecuroides, exhibits multiple pharmacological activities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiallergic, antinociceptive, antipathogenic, and antitumor effects. Furthermore, it exerts protective effects against renal and neuronal injuries. Several studies have reported antitumor effects of aloperine against various human cancers, including multiple myeloma; colon, breast, and prostate cancers; and osteosarcoma. Cell cycle arrest, apoptosis induction, and tumorigenesis suppression have been demonstrated following aloperine treatment. In a previous study, we demonstrated antitumor effects of aloperine on human thyroid cancer cells through anti-tumorigenesis and caspase-dependent apoptosis induction via the Akt signaling pathway. In the present study, we demonstrated the modulation of the autophagy mechanism following the incubation of multidrug-resistant papillary and anaplastic human thyroid cancer cells with aloperine; we also illustrate the underlying mechanisms, including AMPK, Erk, JNK, p38, and Akt signaling pathways. Further investigation revealed the involvement of the Akt signaling pathway in aloperine-modulated autophagy in human thyroid cancer cells. These results indicate a previously unappreciated function of aloperine in autophagy modulation in human thyroid cancer cells.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215315
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    Piperlongumine, a Potent Anticancer Phytotherapeutic, Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis In Vitro and In Vivo through the ROS/Akt Pathway in Human Thyroid Cancer Cells
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Cancers Vol. 13, No. 17 ( 2021-08-24), p. 4266-
    Details
    In: Cancers, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 17 ( 2021-08-24), p. 4266-
    Abstract: Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common endocrine malignancy, and its global incidence has steadily increased over the past 15 years. TC is broadly divided into well-differentiated, poorly differentiated, and undifferentiated types, depending on the histological and clinical parameters. Thus far, there are no effective treatments for undifferentiated thyroid cancers or advanced and recurrent cancer. Therefore, the development of an effective therapeutic is urgently needed for such patients. Piperlongumine (PL) is a naturally occurring small molecule derived from long pepper; it is selectively toxic to cancer cells by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, we demonstrate the potential anticancer activity of PL in four TC cell lines. For this purpose, we cultured TC cell lines and analyzed the following parameters: Cell viability, colony formation, cell cycle, apoptosis, and cellular ROS induction. PL modulated the cell cycle, induced apoptosis, and suppressed tumorigenesis in TC cell lines in a dose- and time-dependent manner through ROS induction. Meanwhile, an intrinsic caspase-dependent apoptosis pathway was observed in the TC cells under PL treatment. The activation of Erk and the suppression of the Akt/mTOR pathways through ROS induction were seen in cells treated with PL. PL-mediated apoptosis in TC cells was through the ROS-Akt pathway. Finally, the anticancer effect and safety of PL were also demonstrated in vivo. Our findings indicate that PL exhibits antitumor activity and has the potential for use as a chemotherapeutic agent against TC. This is the first study to show the sensitivity of TC cell lines to PL.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6694
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174266
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2527080-1
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Inflammation Status and Body Composition Predict Two-Year Mortality of Patients with Locally Advanced Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma under Provision of Recommended Energy Intake during Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Biomedicines Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2022-02-06), p. 388-
    Details
    In: Biomedicines, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2022-02-06), p. 388-
    Abstract: Only few prospective cohort trials have evaluated the risk factors for the 2-year mortality rate between two patient subgroups with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (LAHNSCC): oral cavity cancer with adjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) (OCC) and non-oral cavity cancer with primary CCRT (NOCC), under the recommended calorie intake and investigated the interplay among calorie supply, nutrition–inflammation biomarkers (NIBs), and total body composition change (TBC), as assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Patients with LAHNSCC who consumed at least 25 kcal/kg/day during CCRT were prospectively recruited. Clinicopathological variables, blood NIBs, CCRT-related factors, and TBC data before and after treatment were collected. Factor analysis was performed to reduce the number of anthropometric and DXA-derived measurements. Cox proportional hazards models were used for analysis. We enrolled 123 patients with LAHNSCC (69 with OCC and 54 with NOCC). The mean daily calorie intake correlated with the treatment interval changes in total body muscle and fat. Patients consuming ≥30 kcal/kg/day had lower pretreatment levels but exhibited fewer treatment interval changes in anthropometric and DXA measurements than patients consuming 〈 30 kcal/kg/day. In the multivariate analysis of the 2-year mortality rate, the prognostic influence of the recommended calorie intake could not be confirmed, but different risk factors (performance status, pretreatment platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and treatment interval body muscle changes in patients with OCC; age, pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and body fat storage in patients with NOCC) showed independent effects. Therefore, the inflammation status and body composition, but not the recommended calorie supply, contribute to the 2-year mortality rate for patients with LAHNSCC receiving CCRT.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9059
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020388
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2720867-9
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy Induces Body Composition Changes in Locally Advanced Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Comparison between Oral Cavity and Non-Oral Cavity Cancer
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 13, No. 9 ( 2021-08-26), p. 2969-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 9 ( 2021-08-26), p. 2969-
    Abstract: Few prospective cohort trials have evaluated the difference in treatment-interval total body composition (TBC) changes assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) between two patient subgroups with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (LAHNSCC) receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT): oral cavity cancer with adjuvant CCRT (OCC) and non-oral cavity with primary CCRT (NOCC). This study prospectively recruited patients with LAHNSCC. Clinicopathological variables, blood nutritional/inflammatory markers, CCRT-related factors, and TBC data assessed by DXA before and after treatment were collected. Multivariate linear regression analysis identified the factors associated with treatment-interval changes in body composition parameters, including lean body mass (LBM), total fat mass (TFM), and bone mineral content (BMC). A total of 127 patients (OCC (n = 69) and NOCC (n = 58)) were eligible. Body composition parameters were progressively lost during CCRT in both subgroups. Extremities lost more muscle mass than the trunk for LBM, whereas the trunk lost more fat mass than the extremities for TFM. BMC loss preferentially occurred in the trunk region. Different factors were independently correlated with the interval changes of each body composition parameter for both OCC and NOCC subgroups, particularly mean daily calorie intake for LBM and TFM loss, and total lymphocyte count for BMC loss. In conclusion, treatment-interval TBC changes and related contributing factors differ between the OCC and NOCC subgroups.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu13092969
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518386-2
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Nanosized V-Ce Oxides Supported on TiO2 as a Superior Catalyst for the Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Catalysts Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2020-02-07), p. 202-
    Details
    In: Catalysts, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2020-02-07), p. 202-
    Abstract: Nanosized V-Ce oxides supported on TiO2 (VCT) were prepared and utilized in the low-temperature selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO with NH3. Compared with the other V-Ce oxides-based catalysts supported on Al2O3, ZrO2, and ZSM-5, VCT showed the best SCR activity in a low-temperature range. The NOx conversion of 90% could be achieved at 220 °C. Characterizations including X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning election micrograph (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), temperature-programmed desorption with NH3 (NH3-TPD), and temperature-programmed reduction with H2 (H2-TPR) showed that V1.05Ce1/TiO2 exhibited a good dispersion of V2O5, enrichment of surface Ce3+ and chemical-absorbed oxygen, and excellent redox capacity and acidity, which resulted in the best SCR performance at low temperature.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4344
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/catal10020202
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662126-5
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Metatranscriptomic Analysis Reveals an Imbalance of Hepatopancreatic Flora of Chinese Mitten Crab Eriocheir sinensis with Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Biology Vol. 10, No. 6 ( 2021-05-23), p. 462-
    Details
    In: Biology, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 6 ( 2021-05-23), p. 462-
    Abstract: Hepatopancreas necrosis disease (HPND) of the Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis causes huge economic loss in China. However, the pathogenic factors and pathogenesis are still a matter of dissension. To search for potential pathogens, the hepatopancreatic flora of diseased crabs with mild symptoms, diseased crabs with severe symptoms, and crabs without visible symptoms were investigated using metatranscriptomics sequencing. The prevalence of Absidia glauca and Candidatus Synechococcus spongiarum decreased, whereas the prevalence of Spiroplasma eriocheiris increased in the hepatopancreatic flora of crabs with HPND. Homologous sequences of 34 viral species and 4 Microsporidian species were found in the crab hepatopancreas without any significant differences between crabs with and without HPND. Moreover, DEGs in the hepatopancreatic flora between crabs with severe symptoms and without visible symptoms were enriched in the ribosome, retinol metabolism, metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450, drug metabolism—cytochrome P450, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, and other glycan degradation. Moreover, the relative abundance of functions of DEDs in the hepatopancreatic flora changed with the pathogenesis process. These results suggested that imbalance of hepatopancreatic flora was associated with crab HPND. The identified DEGs were perhaps involved in the pathological mechanism of HPND; nonetheless, HPND did not occur due to virus or microsporidia infection.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2079-7737
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/biology10060462
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2661517-4
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