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  • MDPI AG  (37)
  • 1
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    Peri-Implant Marginal Bone Changes around Dental Implants with Platform-Switched and Platform-Matched Abutments: A Retrospective 5-Year Radiographic Evaluation
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Personalized Medicine Vol. 12, No. 8 ( 2022-07-27), p. 1226-
    Details
    In: Journal of Personalized Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 8 ( 2022-07-27), p. 1226-
    Abstract: Preserving the marginal bone level (MBL) is essential for the long-term success of dental implant therapy, and bone remodeling around dental implants is considered to vary with time. Numerous studies comparing the platform-switching (PS) and platform-matching (PM) dental implants have indicated that PS dental implants showed a lesser reduction for the MBL, and the majority of them had a relatively short period. This study aimed to evaluate vertical and horizontal bone defects by using digital periapical radiographs to examine the changes in MBL around PM and PS dental implants over 5 years after functional loading. The vertical MBL (vMBL) was measured from the implant–abutment junction to the first bone-to-implant contact. The horizontal MBL (hMBL) was measured from the implant–abutment junction to the bone crest. All data were presented as means ± standard errors. Paired and independent t-tests with Welch’s correction were used to analyze the data. A total of 61 dental implants in 38 patients after 5 years of functional loading were evaluated. Over time, PS dental implants were more likely to gain bone; by contrast, PM dental implants were more likely to lose bone during the observation time. Changes in vMBL for PS dental implants were significantly less than those for PM dental implants at 1-year (p = 0.045), 3-year (p = 0.021), and 5-year (p = 0.010) loading. Likewise, changes in hMBL for PS dental implants were significantly smaller than in those for PM dental implants at 3-year (p = 0.021) and 5-year (p = 0.006) loading; however, the changes were minimal in both approaches. PS dental implants had a significant increment in the percentage of bone integration, whereas that for PM dental implants dropped over time, with no significance. In PS dental implants that occlude with natural teeth, vertical and horizontal bone gain was observed, and it was significant at 3 years (p = 0.023). A significant horizontal bone gain was observed in the opposing natural teeth at 3-year (p = 0.002) and 5-year loading (p = 0.002). The PS concept appears to preserve more MBL around dental implants by stabilizing the vMBL and hMBL over a 5-year period. A minimal marginal bone change was detected in both concepts. The opposing natural teeth at PS dental implants showed a favorable effect on marginal bone tissues.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4426
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jpm12081226
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662248-8
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  • 2
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    Magnesium Modified β-Tricalcium Phosphate Induces Cell Osteogenic Differentiation In Vitro and Bone Regeneration In Vivo
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 23, No. 3 ( 2022-02-02), p. 1717-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 23, No. 3 ( 2022-02-02), p. 1717-
    Abstract: In vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies have shown how the physicochemical and biological properties of β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) work in bone regeneration. This study aimed to improve the properties of β-TCP by achieving optimum surface and bulk β-TCP chemical/physical properties through the hydrothermal addition of magnesium (Mg) and to later establish the biocompatibility of β-TCP/Mg for bone grafting and tissue engineering treatments. Multiple in vitro and in vivo analyses were used to complete β-TCP/Mg physicochemical and biological characterization. The addition of MgO brought about a modest rise in the number of β-TCP surface particles, indicating improvements in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity on day 21 (p 〈 0.05) and in the WST-1assay on all days (p 〈 0.05), with a corresponding increase in the upregulation of ALP and bone sialoprotein. SEM analyses stated that the surfaces of the β-TCP particles were not altered after the addition of Mg. Micro-CT and histomorphometric analysis from rabbit calvaria critical defects resulted in β-TCP/Mg managing to reform more new bone than the control defects and β-TCP control at 2, 6, and 8 weeks (* p ≤ 0.05, ** p ≤ 0.01, *** p ≤ 0.001, and **** p ≤ 0.0001). The hydrothermal addition of MgO to the β-TCP surfaces ameliorated its biocompatibility without altering its surface roughness resulting from the elemental composition while enhancing cell viability and proliferation, inducing more bone regeneration by osteoconduction in vivo and osteoblastic differentiation in vitro.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031717
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
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    Preparation of Calcium Phosphate Compounds on Zirconia Surfaces for Dental Implant Applications
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 23, No. 12 ( 2022-06-15), p. 6675-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 23, No. 12 ( 2022-06-15), p. 6675-
    Abstract: Titanium is widely used in medical implants despite the release of heavy metal ions over long-term use. Zirconia is very close to the color of teeth; however, its biological inertness hinders bonding with bone tissue. Alkaline treatment and coatings of calcium phosphate can be used to enhance bone regeneration adjacent to dental implants. This study examined the effects of alkaline treatment, calcium phosphate coatings, and sintering, on the physical properties of implant material. Our analysis confirmed that the calcium phosphate species were octacalcium phosphate (OCP). The sintering of calcium phosphate was shown to create B-type HAP, which is highly conducive toward the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into osteoblasts for the facilitation of bone integration. Conclusions: This study demonstrated the room-temperature fabrication of dental implants with superhydrophilic surfaces to enhance biocompatibility.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126675
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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  • 4
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    Marginal Bone Level Evaluation of Fixed Partial Dental Prostheses Using Preformed Stock versus CAD/CAM Customized Abutments
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Personalized Medicine Vol. 12, No. 7 ( 2022-06-27), p. 1051-
    Details
    In: Journal of Personalized Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 7 ( 2022-06-27), p. 1051-
    Abstract: Background: The maintenance of marginal bone levels around dental implants is an important criterion for evaluating the success of implants. Although computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) customized abutments (CAs) provide more flexible solutions, compared with the original preformed stock abutments (PAs), there are dimensional tolerances and underlying drawbacks in the production of CAD/CAM CAs, which may change the tightness and seamless connection between fixtures and abutments set by the manufacturer and then affect the long-term stability of the abutments. This study aimed to examine the change in both mesial and distal bone levels using digital periapical radiographs to evaluate the difference between CAD/CAM CAs and original PAs.Material and methods: Radiographs were taken before delivery; after functional loading for 1 month; and after 3, 6, and 12 months; and the vertical marginal bone levels (vMBLs) of both the mesial and distal surrounding implant bones were measured. All data are presented as means ± standard errors and were analyzed using Student’s t-test. A p-value 〈 0.05 was judged to represent a significant difference. Results: A total of 57 implants in 50 patients were divided into 22 CAD/CAM CAs and 35 original stock abutments. The PAs appeared to have a more stable bone level. By contrast, the amount of bone level change in the CAs was higher than that in the PAs. The change in the vMBL of the CAs was significantly more than that of the PAs after functional loading for 1 month (p = 0.006), 3 months (p = 0.013), 6 months (p = 0.014), and 12 months (p = 0.002). In contrast, the distal marginal bone level was lower than the mesial marginal bone level in any period. Nevertheless, the bone levels of the CAs and PAs in any period were comparable with no significant difference. Conclusions: Significant differences were found between the mesial and distal bone levels in the PAs. The CAD/CAM CAs showed a significantly greater bone level change than the original stock abutments after functional loading.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4426
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jpm12071051
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662248-8
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  • 5
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    Effect of Opposite Tooth Condition on Marginal Bone Loss around Submerged Dental Implants: A Retrospective Study with a 3-Year Follow-Up
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 18, No. 20 ( 2021-10-13), p. 10715-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 18, No. 20 ( 2021-10-13), p. 10715-
    Abstract: Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of opposite tooth conditions on change in marginal bone level (MBL) around submerged dental implants. Materials and methods: The study included healthy patients with one or two implants. Structures opposite implants were either natural teeth (NT) or fixed restorations (FRs). MBLs were measured on digital periapical radiographs at the mesial and distal aspects of each implant. Results: Sixty implants were inserted by the 3-year follow-up. Mean MBLs for NT were 0.21 ± 0.33 mm before prosthetic loading and 0.30 ± 0.41 mm 3 years later (p = 0.001). Mean MBLs with FRs were 0.36 ± 0.45 mm before loading and 0.53 ± 0.50 mm 3 years later (p 〈 0.001). Changes in mean MBL from the 6-month follow-up to the 1- and 3-year follow-ups were statistically significant (p 〈 0.01) for implants opposite NT. However, changes in mean MBL from the 6-month follow-up to the 1-year (p = 0.161) and 3-year follow-ups (p = 1.000) were not significant for implants opposite FRs. Between baseline and the 3-year follow-up, MBL change was relatively small and did not differ regarding NT and FRs. Conclusion: Bone loss was greater if submerged dental implants were opposed by FRs. MBLs around submerged implants continued to change after 3 years if NT opposed implants.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182010715
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 6
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    Guided Tissue Regeneration Treatment Yields Better Results in Class II Furcations in the Mandible Than in the Maxilla: A Retrospective Study
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 18, No. 14 ( 2021-07-13), p. 7447-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 18, No. 14 ( 2021-07-13), p. 7447-
    Abstract: Absorbable porcine collagen membrane with a bovine bone graft can be considered for regenerative treatment in periodontal class II furcation defects. We evaluated the clinical efficacy of guided tissue regeneration (GTR) treatment with bovine bone xenograft and a porcine collagen membrane in molars with class II furcations. Probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and bone level (BL) were recorded at baseline and at 3, 6, and 9 months postoperatively. Thirty class II furcation defects from the lower and upper molars were assessed. Significant improvements in PD and CAL were observed from baseline to 9 months in all groups (p 〈 0.01). BL improved in all groups except group A in the upper molars in radiographic assessment (p 〈 0.05). The lower and upper molars showed PD reduction of 50.5% ± 7.44% and 46.2% ± 11.2%, respectively, at 9 months (p = 0.044). In furcations of 1–3 mm, the lower and upper molars showed PD reductions of 51.2% ± 4.49% and 36.5% ± 16.14%, respectively (p = 0.035). The lower and upper molars showed a CAL gain of 51.1% ± 4.64% and 33.6% ± 18.8%, respectively (p = 0.037). Thus, GTR with bovine bone graft and porcine collagen membrane yielded good results in class II furcations, with better results in the lower than in the upper molars.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147447
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 7
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    Evaluation of Self-Propelled High-Energy Ultrasonic Atomizer on Azoxystrobin and Tebuconazole Application in Sunlit Greenhouse Tomatoes
    MDPI AG ; 2018
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 15, No. 6 ( 2018-05-28), p. 1088-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 6 ( 2018-05-28), p. 1088-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15061088
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 8
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    Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Tacrolimus in Chinese Adult Patients during the Early Stages Post-Lung Transplantation
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Personalized Medicine Vol. 13, No. 4 ( 2023-04-11), p. 656-
    Details
    In: Journal of Personalized Medicine, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 4 ( 2023-04-11), p. 656-
    Abstract: Background: Although tacrolimus has been widely used in patients undergoing lung transplantation, few studies have reported the pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus in Chinese patients after lung transplantation. Thus, we aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetics and influential factors in this patient cohort in the early stage after lung transplantation. Methods: We enrolled 14 adult lung transplant recipients who were treated with tacrolimus and then intensively collected blood samples within a 12-h dosing interval. The pharmacokinetic parameters of tacrolimus were calculated using non-compartmental analysis, and the influence of pathophysiological characteristics and CYP3A5*3 and CYP3A4*1G genotypes on the pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus was assessed. Using linear regression analysis, we investigated the correlation between tacrolimus concentration at different sampling points and measured the area under the time-concentration curve (AUC0–12h). Results: Geometric mean of apparent clearance (CL/F) was 18.13 ± 1.65 L/h in non-CYP3A5*3/*3 carriers, five times higher than that in CYP3A5*3/*3 carriers (p 〈 0.001). Furthermore, the tacrolimus concentration 4 h after administration had the strongest correlation with AUC0–12h (R2 = 0.979). Conclusion: The pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus varied largely between patients during the early stage post-transplantation, which could be partially explained by CYP3A5*3 genetic polymorphisms.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2075-4426
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/jpm13040656
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662248-8
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  • 9
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    Evaluation of the Peri-Implant Bone Level around Platform-Switched Dental Implants: A Retrospective 3-Year Radiographic Study
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 16, No. 14 ( 2019-07-18), p. 2570-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 16, No. 14 ( 2019-07-18), p. 2570-
    Abstract: Objective: To describe remodeling of the mesial and distal marginal bone level around platform-switched (PS) and platform-matched (PM) dental implants that were sandblasted with large grit and etched with acid over a three-year period. Materials and Methods: Digital periapical radiographs were obtained at the following time-points: during Stage I of the surgical placement of dental implants, before loading, immediately after loading (baseline), and one, three, six, 12, and 36 months after loading for measuring the horizontal and vertical marginal bone levels. Results: Sixty implants were successfully osseointegrated during the overall observation period. Vertical marginal bone levels for the PS and PM dental implants were 0.78 ± 0.77 and 0.98 ± 0.81 mm, respectively, whereas the horizontal marginal bone levels for the PS and PM implants were 0.84 ± 0.45 and 0.98 ± 0.68 mm, respectively. During the time leading up to the procedure until 36 months after the procedure, the average vertical marginal bone level resulted in less bone loss for the PS and PM groups—0.96 ± 1.28 and 0.30 ± 1.15 mm, respectively (p 〈 0.05). The mean levels of the horizontal marginal bone also showed increases of 0.48 ± 1.01 mm in the PS and 0.37 ± 0.77 mm in the PM groups from the time before loading until 36 months after the procedure. However, these increases were not statistically significant (p 〉 0.05). Conclusion: PS dental implants appeared to be more effective than PM implants for minimizing the mean marginal vertical and horizontal marginal bone loss during the three-year period. Regardless of which abutment connection was used, the dental implant in the present retrospective investigation exhibited minimal marginal bone remodeling, thus indicating long-term stability.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16142570
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 10
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    Effects of Different Reductive Agents on Zn-Promoted Iron Oxide Phases in the CO2–Fischer–Tropsch to Linear α-Olefins
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Catalysts Vol. 13, No. 3 ( 2023-03-16), p. 594-
    Details
    In: Catalysts, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 3 ( 2023-03-16), p. 594-
    Abstract: The pretreatment atmosphere has a significant impact on the performance of iron-based catalysts in carbon dioxide (CO2) hydrogenation. In this study, we investigated the effects of carbon monoxide (CO), syngas (H2/CO), and hydrogen (H2) on the performance of iron-based catalysts during the pretreatment process. To evaluate the structural changes in catalysts after activation and reaction, we analyzed their morphology and particle size, the surface and bulk phase composition, carbon deposition, the desorption of linear α-olefins and reaction intermediates using transmission electron microscope (TEM), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Mössbauer spectroscopy (MES), temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), and in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (in situ DRIFTS). Raman and XPS showed that the H2 pretreatment catalyst caused the absence of iron carbides due to the lack of carbon source, and the CO and syngas pretreatment catalysts promoted the formation of carbon deposits and iron carbides. While the bulk phase of the CO and syngas pretreatment catalyst mainly consists of iron carbide (FeCx), XRD and MES revealed that the bulk phase of the H2 pretreatment catalyst primarily consisted of metallic iron (Fe) and iron oxide (FeOx). The composition of the phase is closely associated with its performance at the initial stage of the reaction. The formation of olefins and C5+ products is more encouraged by CO pretreatment catalysts than by H2 and syngas pretreatment catalysts, according to in situ DRIFTS evidence. Ethylene (C2H4)/propylene (C3H6)-TPD indicates that the CO pretreatment catalyst is more favorable for the desorption of olefins which improves the olefins selectivity. Based on the analysis of the TEM images, H2 pretreatment stimulated particle agglomeration and sintering. In conclusion, the results show that the CO-pretreatment catalyst has higher activity due to the inclusion of more FeOX and Fe3C. In particular, the presence of Fe3C was found to be more favorable for the formation of olefins and C5+ hydrocarbons. Furthermore, carbon deposition was relatively mild and more conducive to maintaining the balance of FeOx/FeCx on the catalyst surface.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4344
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/catal13030594
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2662126-5
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