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  • MDPI AG  (30)
  • 1
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    Wuqinxi Qigong as an Alternative Exercise for Improving Risk Factors Associated with Metabolic Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
    MDPI AG ; 2019
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Vol. 16, No. 8 ( 2019-04-18), p. 1396-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, MDPI AG, Vol. 16, No. 8 ( 2019-04-18), p. 1396-
    Abstract: Background: The improvement of living standards has led to increases in the prevalence of hypokinetic diseases. In particular, multifactorial complex diseases, such as metabolic syndrome, are becoming more prevalent. Currently, developing effective methods to combat or prevent metabolic syndrome is of critical public health importance. Thus, we conducted a systematic review to evaluate the existing literature regarding the effects of Wuqinxi exercise on reducing risk factors related to metabolic syndrome. Methods: Both English- and Chinese-language databases were searched for randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of Wuqinxi on these outcomes. Meanwhile, we extracted usable data for computing pooled effect size estimates, along with the random-effects model. Results: The synthesized results showed positive effects of Wuqinxi exercise on systolic blood pressure (SBP, SMD = 0.62, 95% CI 0.38 to 0.85, p 〈 0.001, I2 = 24.06%), diastolic blood pressure (DBP, SMD = 0.62, 95% CI 0.22 to 1.00, p 〈 0.001, I2 = 61.28%), total plasma cholesterol (TC, SMD = 0.88, 95% CI 0.41 to 1.36, p 〈 0.001, I2 = 78.71%), triglyceride (TG, SMD = 0.87, 95% CI 0.49 to 1.24, p 〈 0.001, I2 = 67.22%), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C, SMD = 1.24, 95% CI 0.76 to 1.72, p 〈 0.001, I2 = 78.27%), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL, SMD = 0.95, 95% CI 0.43 to 1.46, p 〈 0.001, I2 = 82.27%). In addition, regression results showed that longer-duration Wuqinxi intervention significantly improved DBP (β = 0.00016, Q = 5.72, df = 1, p = 0.02), TC (β = −0.00010, Q = 9.03, df = 1, p = 0.01), TG (β = 0.00012, Q = 6.23, df = 1, p = 0.01), and LDL (β = 0.00011, Q = 5.52, df = 1, p = 0.02). Conclusions: Wuqinxi may be an effective intervention to alleviate the cardiovascular disease risk factors of metabolic syndrome.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1660-4601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16081396
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2175195-X
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  • 2
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    A Quassinoid Diterpenoid Eurycomanone from Eurycoma longifolia Jack Exerts Anti-Cancer Effect through Autophagy Inhibition
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Molecules Vol. 27, No. 14 ( 2022-07-08), p. 4398-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 27, No. 14 ( 2022-07-08), p. 4398-
    Abstract: Eurycomanone (EN) is one of the representative quassinoid diterpenoids from roots of Eurycoma longifolia Jack, a natural medicine that is widely distributed in Southeast Asia. Previous studies showed that EN induces cancer cell apoptosis and exhibits anti-cancer activity, but the molecular mechanism of EN against cancer has still not been elucidated. In this study, we examined the regulatory effect of EN on autophagy to reveal the mechanism of EN-mediated colon cancer growth inhibition. First, we found that EN is able to inhibit colon cancer cell proliferation and colony formation. The angiogenesis level in cancer cells was inhibited as well. Next, the treatment of EN led to the suppression of autophagy, which was characterized by the downregulation of the LC3-II level and the formation of GFP-LC3 puncta under EN treatment in colon cancer. Moreover, we revealed that the mTOR signaling pathway was activated by EN in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Finally, autophagy induction protected colon cancer cells from EN treatment, suggesting that autophagy improves cell survival. Taken together, our findings revealed the mechanism of EN against colon cancer through inhibiting autophagy and angiogenesis in colon cancer, supporting that the autophagy inhibitor EN could be developed to be a novel anti-cancer agent.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144398
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 3
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    Recent Advances in Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Devices toward High-Throughput Screening
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Molecules Vol. 25, No. 13 ( 2020-06-28), p. 2970-
    Details
    In: Molecules, MDPI AG, Vol. 25, No. 13 ( 2020-06-28), p. 2970-
    Abstract: Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (µPADs) have become promising tools offering various analytical applications for chemical and biological assays at the point-of-care (POC). Compared to traditional microfluidic devices, µPADs offer notable advantages; they are cost-effective, easily fabricated, disposable, and portable. Because of our better understanding and advanced engineering of µPADs, multistep assays, high detection sensitivity, and rapid result readout have become possible, and recently developed µPADs have gained extensive interest in parallel analyses to detect biomarkers of interest. In this review, we focus on recent developments in order to achieve µPADs with high-throughput capability. We discuss existing fabrication techniques and designs, and we introduce and discuss current detection methods and their applications to multiplexed detection assays in relation to clinical diagnosis, drug analysis and screening, environmental monitoring, and food and beverage quality control. A summary with future perspectives for µPADs is also presented.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1420-3049
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/molecules25132970
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008644-1
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  • 4
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    Response of Vegetation Photosynthetic Phenology to Urbanization in Dongting Lake Basin, China
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Remote Sensing Vol. 13, No. 18 ( 2021-09-17), p. 3722-
    Details
    In: Remote Sensing, MDPI AG, Vol. 13, No. 18 ( 2021-09-17), p. 3722-
    Abstract: Urbanization can induce environmental changes such as the urban heat island effect, which in turn influence the terrestrial ecosystem. However, the effect of urbanization on the phenology of subtropical vegetation remains relatively unexplored. This study analyzed the changing trend of vegetation photosynthetic phenology in Dongting Lake basin, China, and its response to urbanization using nighttime light and chlorophyll fluorescence datasets. Our results indicated the start of the growing season (SOS) of vegetation in the study area was significantly advanced by 0.70 days per year, whereas the end of the growing season (EOS) was delayed by 0.24 days per year during 2000–2017. We found that urbanization promoted the SOS advance and EOS delay. With increasing urbanization intensity, the sensitivity of SOS to urbanization firstly increased then decreased, while the sensitivity of EOS to urbanization decreased with urbanization intensity. The climate sensitivity of vegetation phenology varied with urbanization intensity; urbanization induced an earlier SOS by increasing preseason minimum temperatures and a later EOS by increasing preseason precipitation. These findings improve our understanding of the vegetation phenology response to urbanization in subtropical regions and highlight the need to integrate human activities into future vegetation phenology models.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-4292
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/rs13183722
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2513863-7
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  • 5
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    Defining Terms Used for Animals Working in Support Roles for People with Support Needs
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Animals Vol. 12, No. 15 ( 2022-08-04), p. 1975-
    Details
    In: Animals, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 15 ( 2022-08-04), p. 1975-
    Abstract: The nomenclature used to describe animals working in roles supporting people can be confusing. The same term may be used to describe different roles, or two terms may mean the same thing. This confusion is evident among researchers, practitioners, and end users. Because certain animal roles are provided with legal protections and/or government-funding support in some jurisdictions, it is necessary to clearly define the existing terms to avoid confusion. The aim of this paper is to provide operationalized definitions for nine terms, which would be useful in many world regions: “assistance animal”, “companion animal”, “educational/school support animal”, “emotional support animal”, “facility animal”, “service animal”, “skilled companion animal”, “therapy animal”, and “visiting/visitation animal”. At the International Society for Anthrozoology (ISAZ) conferences in 2018 and 2020, over 100 delegates participated in workshops to define these terms, many of whom co-authored this paper. Through an iterative process, we have defined the nine terms and explained how they differ from each other. We recommend phasing out two terms (i.e., “skilled companion animal” and “service animal”) due to overlap with other terms that could potentially exacerbate confusion. The implications for several regions of the world are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2076-2615
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ani12151975
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2606558-7
    SSG: 23
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  • 6
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    Some Preliminary Results to Eradicate Leukemic Cells in Extracorporeal Circulation by Actuating Doxorubicin-Loaded Nanochains of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Cells Vol. 11, No. 13 ( 2022-06-23), p. 2007-
    Details
    In: Cells, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 13 ( 2022-06-23), p. 2007-
    Abstract: Leukemia is a non-solid cancer which features the malignant proliferation of leukocytes. Excessive leukocytes of lesions in peripheral blood will infiltrate organs, resulting in intumescence and weakening treatment efficiency. In this study, we proposed a novel approach for targeted clearance of the leukocytes in the peripheral blood ex vivo, which employed magnetic nanochains to selectively destroy the leukocytes of the lesions. The nanochains were doxorubicin-loaded nanochains of Fe3O4 nanoparticles which were fabricated by the solvent exchange method combined with magnetic field-directed self-assembly. Firstly, the nanochains were added into the peripheral blood during extracorporeal circulation and subjected to a rotational magnetic field for actuation. The leukocytes of the lesion were then conjugated by the nanochains via folic acid (FA) targeting. Finally, the rotational magnetic field actuated the nanochains to release the drugs and effectively damage the cytomembrane of the leukocytes. This strategy was conceptually shown in vitro (K562 cell line) and the method’s safety was evaluated in a rat model. The preliminary results demonstrate that the nanochains are biocompatible and suitable as drug carriers, showing direct lethal action to the leukemic cells combined with a rotational magnetic field. More importantly to note is that the nanochains can be effectively kept from entry into the body. We believe this extracorporeal circulation-based strategy by activating nanochains magnetically could serve as a potential method for leukemia treatment in the future.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2073-4409
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/cells11132007
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2661518-6
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  • 7
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    Mathematical Modeling of the Effects of Temperature and Modified Atmosphere Packaging on the Growth Kinetics of Pseudomonas Lundensis and Shewanella Putrefaciens in Chilled Chicken
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Foods Vol. 11, No. 18 ( 2022-09-13), p. 2824-
    Details
    In: Foods, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 18 ( 2022-09-13), p. 2824-
    Abstract: The effects of modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) on the growth and spoilage characteristics of Pseudomonas lundensis LD1 and Shewanella putrefaciens SP1 in chilled chicken at 0–10 °C were studied. MAP inhibited microbial growth, TVB-N synthesis, and lipid oxidation. The inhibitory effect of MAP became more significant as the temperature decreased. The kinetic models to describe the growth of P. lundensis LD1 and S. putrefaciens SP1 at 0–10 °C were also established to fit the primary model Gompertz and the secondary model Ratkowsky. The models had a high degree of fit to describe the growth of dominant spoilage bacteria in chilled chicken. The observed numbers of P. lundensis LD1 and S. putrefaciens SP1 at 2 °C were compared with the predicted numbers, and the accuracy factor and bias factor ranged from 0.93 to 1.14. These results indicated that the two models could help predict the growth of P. lundensis and S. putrefaciens in chilled chicken at 0–10 °C. The analyzed models provide fast and cost-effective alternatives to replace traditional culturing methods to assess the influence of temperature and MAP on the shelf life of meat.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2304-8158
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/foods11182824
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704223-6
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  • 8
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    Study of Sexual-Linked Genes (OGI and MeGI) on the Performance of Androecious Persimmons (Diospyros kaki Thunb.)
    MDPI AG ; 2021
    In:  Plants Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2021-02-18), p. 390-
    Details
    In: Plants, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2021-02-18), p. 390-
    Abstract: It is reported that the production of floral sexual phenotype in hexaploid monoecious persimmon (Diospyros kaki) is closely related to a pseudogene called OGI, and a short interspersed nuclear element (SINE)-like insertion (named Kali) in the OGI promoter leads to the gene silence. As a result, DNA methylation level of MeGI promoter determines the development of male or female flowers. However, the molecular mechanism in androecious D. kaki, which only bear male flowers, remains elusive. Here, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), molecular cloning, and bisulfite PCR sequencing technique were carried out using 87 materials, including 56 androecious resources, 15 monoecious, and 16 gynoecious cultivars, to investigate the performance of OGI and MeGI on the specific androecious type of D. kaki in China. In conclusion, the Kali insertion was exactly located in the OGI promoter region, and the OGI gene and the Kali sequence were existing and conserved in androecious D. kaki. Meanwhile, we also demonstrated that the MeGI gene was widespread in our investigated samples. Ultimately, our result convincingly provided evidence that the low expression of OGI is probably ascribed to the presence of Kali displaying strong methylation in the OGI promoter, and low expression of MeGI, as well as high DNA methylation level, in the promoter was closely connected with the production of male flowers; this result was consistent with the monoecious persimmon model. Our findings provide predominant genetic aspects for investigation into androecious D. kaki, and future perfecting the sex-determining mechanisms in persimmon.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2223-7747
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/plants10020390
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704341-1
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  • 9
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    TAI-SARNET: Deep Transferred Atrous-Inception CNN for Small Samples SAR ATR
    MDPI AG ; 2020
    In:  Sensors Vol. 20, No. 6 ( 2020-03-19), p. 1724-
    Details
    In: Sensors, MDPI AG, Vol. 20, No. 6 ( 2020-03-19), p. 1724-
    Abstract: Since Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) targets are full of coherent speckle noise, the traditional deep learning models are difficult to effectively extract key features of the targets and share high computational complexity. To solve the problem, an effective lightweight Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model incorporating transfer learning is proposed for better handling SAR targets recognition tasks. In this work, firstly we propose the Atrous-Inception module, which combines both atrous convolution and inception module to obtain rich global receptive fields, while strictly controlling the parameter amount and realizing lightweight network architecture. Secondly, the transfer learning strategy is used to effectively transfer the prior knowledge of the optical, non-optical, hybrid optical and non-optical domains to the SAR target recognition tasks, thereby improving the model’s recognition performance on small sample SAR target datasets. Finally, the model constructed in this paper is verified to be 97.97% on ten types of MSTAR datasets under standard operating conditions, reaching a mainstream target recognition rate. Meanwhile, the method presented in this paper shows strong robustness and generalization performance on a small number of randomly sampled SAR target datasets.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1424-8220
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/s20061724
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2052857-7
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  • 10
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    Effects of GRP78 on Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Inflammatory Response in Macrophages of Large Yellow Croaker (Larimichthys crocea)
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 24, No. 6 ( 2023-03-20), p. 5855-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, MDPI AG, Vol. 24, No. 6 ( 2023-03-20), p. 5855-
    Abstract: Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis plays a vital role in cell physiological functions. Various factors can destroy the homeostasis of the ER and cause ER stress. Moreover, ER stress is often related to inflammation. Glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) is an ER chaperone, which plays a vital role in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Nevertheless, the potential effects of GRP78 on ER stress and inflammation is still not fully elucidated in fish. In the present study, ER stress and inflammation was induced by tunicamycin (TM) or palmitic acid (PA) in the macrophages of large yellow croakers. GRP78 was treated with an agonist/inhibitor before or after the TM/PA treatment. The results showed that the TM/PA treatment could significantly induce ER stress and an inflammatory response in the macrophages of large yellow croakers whereas the incubation of the GRP78 agonist could reduce TM/PA-induced ER stress and an inflammatory response. Moreover, the incubation of the GRP78 inhibitor could further induce TM/PA-induced ER stress and an inflammatory response. These results provide an innovative idea to explain the relationship between GRP78 and TM/PA-induced ER stress or inflammation in large yellow croakers.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1422-0067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065855
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019364-6
    SSG: 12
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