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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Impact of Tobacco Smoking on the Risk of COVID-19: A Large Scale Retrospective Cohort Study
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2021
    In:  Nicotine & Tobacco Research Vol. 23, No. 8 ( 2021-08-04), p. 1398-1404
    Details
    In: Nicotine & Tobacco Research, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 23, No. 8 ( 2021-08-04), p. 1398-1404
    Abstract: Preliminary reports indicated that smokers could be less susceptible to coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, which causes Covid-19. However, once infected an increased risk of severe disease is reported. We investigated the association between smoking and COVID-19 during an outbreak of the disease on a naval vessel. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional, observational study on the 1769 sailors of the same navy aircraft carrier at sea exposed at the same time to SARS-CoV2 to investigate the link between tobacco consumption and Covid-19. Results Among the 1688 crewmembers (87% men; median age = 28 [interquartile range 23–35]) included, 1279 (76%) developed Covid-19 (1038 [62%] reverse-transcriptase- polymerase chain reaction testing–positive and 241 [14%] with only clinical signs). One hundred and seven patients were hospitalized. The univariable analysis odds ratio (OR) for Covid-19 infection was 0.59 (95% confidence interval [CI] , 0.45–0.78; p & lt; .001) for current smokers versus former and nonsmokers; sex, body mass index or blood group had no significant impact. Crewmembers & gt;50 years old had an increased risk of contracting Covid-19 (OR, 2.84 [95% CI, 1.30–7.5]; p = .01). Multivariable analysis retained the lower risk of current smokers becoming infected (OR, 0.64 [0.49–0.84] ; p & lt; .001) and age & gt;50 years was significatively associated with Covid-19 (OR, 2.6 [1.17–6.9]; p = .03). Conclusions Current smoking status was associated with a lower risk of developing Covid-19 but cannot be considered as efficient protection against infection. The mechanism of the lower susceptibility of smokers to SARS-CoV-2 requires further research. Trial Registration IRB no.: 0011873-2020-09 Implications (1) Recent epidemiologic data suggest a paradoxical link between smoking and COVID-19. (2) Among the 1688 crewmembers (with an attack rate of 76% and exposed at the same time in the same place to SARS-CoV2), we found a significantly lower risk for developing COVID-19 in current smokers (71%) versus former and nonsmokers (80%). This finding strongly supports the need for further research on nicotine physiological pathway and its impact on COVID-19 infection whilst emphasizing that tobacco smoking should not be considered as efficient protection against COVID-19.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1469-994X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntab004
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020202-7
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  • 2
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    Online Resource
    OA01 Safety of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in people with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases: results from the EULAR Coronavirus Vaccine (COVAX) physician-reported registry
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2022
    In:  Rheumatology Vol. 61, No. Supplement_1 ( 2022-04-23)
    Details
    In: Rheumatology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 61, No. Supplement_1 ( 2022-04-23)
    Abstract: People with inflammatory/autoimmune rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (I-RMDs) were excluded from Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine clinical development programmes; therefore, concerns regarding the safety and effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in this population still exist. Previous studies in people with I-RMDs were small albeit reassuring in terms of the incidence of I-RMD flares and adverse events. Our aim was to describe the safety of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 in people with I-RMD. Methods Physician-reported registry of I-RMD and non-inflammatory RMD (NI-RMDs) patients vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2. From 5/Feb/2021 to 27/Jul/2021, we collected data on demographics, vaccination, RMD diagnosis, disease activity, immunomodulatory/immunosuppressive treatments, flares, adverse events (AEs) and SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections. Data were analysed descriptively. Results The study included 5121 participants from 30 countries, 90% with I-RMDs (n = 4604, 68% female, mean age 60.5 years) and 10% with NI-RMDs (n = 517, 77% female, mean age 71.4). Inflammatory joint diseases (58%), connective tissue diseases (18%) and vasculitis (12%) were the most frequent diagnostic groups; 54% received conventional synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs), 42% biologic DMARDs and 35% immunosuppressants. Most patients received the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine (70%), 17% AstraZeneca/Oxford and 8% Moderna. In fully vaccinated cases, breakthrough infections were reported in 0.7% of I-RMD patients and 1.1% of NI-RMD patients. I-RMD flares were reported in 4.4% of cases (0.6% severe), 1.5% resulting in medication changes. AEs were reported in 37% of cases (37% I-RMD, 40% NI-RMD), serious AEs in 0.5% (0.4% I-RMD, 1.9% NI-RMD). Conclusion The safety profiles of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in patients with I-RMD were reassuring, and comparable to patients with NI-RMDs. The majority of patients tolerated their vaccination well with rare reports of I-RMD flare and very rare reports of serious AEs. These findings should provide reassurance to rheumatologists and vaccine recipients, and promote confidence in SARS-CoV-2 vaccine safety in I-RMD patients. Disclosure P.M. Machado: None. S. Lawson-Tovey: None. A. Strangfeld: None. E. Mateus: None. K. Hyrich: None. L. Gossec: None. L. Carmona: None. A. Rodrigues: None. B. Raffeiner: None. C. Duarte: None. E. Hachulla: None. E. Veillard: None. E. Strakova: None. G.R. Burmester: None. G.K. Yardimci: None. J.A. Gómez-Puerta: None. J. Zepa: None. L. Kearsley-Fleet: None. L. Trefond: None. M.M. Cunha: None. M. Mosca: None. M. Cornalba: None. M. Soubrier: None. N. Roux: None. O. Brocq: None. P. Durez: None. R. Conway: None. T. Goulenok: None. J.W.J. Bijlsma: None. I. McInnes: None. X. Mariette: None.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1462-0324 , 1462-0332
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac132
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1474143-X
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