In:
Respiration, S. Karger AG, Vol. 80, No. 5 ( 2010), p. 401-409
Abstract:
〈 i 〉 Background: 〈 /i 〉 Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) has been used for diagnosing and monitoring respiratory disorders. For clinical purposes the assessment of easy-to-obtain nonspecific markers seems particularly interesting. 〈 i 〉 Objectives: 〈 /i 〉 As these measures are related to each other, our objective was to extract the independent information in global EBC markers across a range of respiratory disorders. 〈 i 〉 Methods: 〈 /i 〉 EBC was collected from patients with asthma (n = 18), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (n = 17), and cystic fibrosis (n = 46), as well as from lung transplant (LTX) recipients (n = 14) and healthy controls (n = 26). Samples were assessed for electrical conductivity, ammonia, pH, and nitrite/nitrate. pH was measured after both deaeration with argon and CO 〈 sub 〉 2 〈 /sub 〉 standardization. Additionally, the fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FE 〈 sub 〉 NO 〈 /sub 〉 ) was assessed. Factor analysis was applied to identify major factors concerning these measures. 〈 i 〉 Results: 〈 /i 〉 Three independent factors were detected; the first comprised conductivity, ammonia, and pH, especially when standardized using CO 〈 sub 〉 2 〈 /sub 〉 , the second nitrite/nitrate, and the third FE 〈 sub 〉 NO 〈 /sub 〉 . Conductivity and ammonia were highly correlated (r = 0.968; p 〈 0.001). FE 〈 sub 〉 NO 〈 /sub 〉 provided independent information mainly in asthma. The nonspecific EBC markers showed considerable overlap between patient groups and healthy subjects. However, conductivity, ammonia, pH standardized for CO 〈 sub 〉 2 〈 /sub 〉 and nitrite/nitrate were increased in LTX recipients compared to healthy controls (p 〈 0.05 each). 〈 i 〉 Conclusions: 〈 /i 〉 A panel of nonspecific easy-to-obtain exhaled breath markers could be reduced to 3 independent factors. The information content of conductivity, ammonia, and pH after CO 〈 sub 〉 2 〈 /sub 〉 equilibration appeared to be similar, while FE 〈 sub 〉 NO 〈 /sub 〉 was independent. The increased levels of these biomarkers in LTX might indicate a potential for their use in these patients.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
0025-7931
,
1423-0356
Language:
English
Publisher:
S. Karger AG
Publication Date:
2010
detail.hit.zdb_id:
1464419-8
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